Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons

Liu, Chang; Zhao, Chen; Jardin, Stephen C.; Bhattacharjee, Amitava; Brennan, Dylan P.; Ferraro, Nathanial M.

doi:10.1063/5.0018559

Title: Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the effects of runaway electron current on the dispersion relation of resistive magnetohydrodynamic modes in tokamaks. We present a new theoretical model to derive the dispersion relation, which is based on the asymptotic analysis of the resistive layer structure of the modes. It is found that in addition to the conventional resistive layer, a new runaway current layer can emerge whose properties depend on the ratio of the Alfvén velocity to the runaway electron convection speed. Due to the contribution from this layer, both the tearing mode and kink mode will have a real frequency in addition to a growth rate. The derived dispersion relation has been compared with numerical results using both a simplified eigenvalue calculation and a M3D-C¹ linear simulation, and good agreement is found in both cases.

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[1]

Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Sep 09 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)

OSTI Identifier:: 1660473

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1658973

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016268; AC02-09CH11466

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 27; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Liu, Chang, Zhao, Chen, Jardin, Stephen C., Bhattacharjee, Amitava, Brennan, Dylan P., and Ferraro, Nathanial M. Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/5.0018559.

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                    Liu, Chang, Zhao, Chen, Jardin, Stephen C., Bhattacharjee, Amitava, Brennan, Dylan P., & Ferraro, Nathanial M. Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0018559

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                    Liu, Chang, Zhao, Chen, Jardin, Stephen C., Bhattacharjee, Amitava, Brennan, Dylan P., and Ferraro, Nathanial M. Wed .  
"Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0018559.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1660473.

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@article{osti_1660473,

  title        = {Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons},

  author       = {Liu, Chang and Zhao, Chen and Jardin, Stephen C. and Bhattacharjee, Amitava and Brennan, Dylan P. and Ferraro, Nathanial M.},

  abstractNote = {In this paper, we investigate the effects of runaway electron current on the dispersion relation of resistive magnetohydrodynamic modes in tokamaks. We present a new theoretical model to derive the dispersion relation, which is based on the asymptotic analysis of the resistive layer structure of the modes. It is found that in addition to the conventional resistive layer, a new runaway current layer can emerge whose properties depend on the ratio of the Alfvén velocity to the runaway electron convection speed. Due to the contribution from this layer, both the tearing mode and kink mode will have a real frequency in addition to a growth rate. The derived dispersion relation has been compared with numerical results using both a simplified eigenvalue calculation and a M3D-C1 linear simulation, and good agreement is found in both cases.},

  doi          = {10.1063/5.0018559},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 9,

  volume       = 27,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Sep 09 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Wed Sep 09 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Title: Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons

Abstract

Citation Formats

Runaway electrons and ITER journal, March 2017

Drift-resistive interchange and tearing modes in cylindrical geometry journal, January 1983

Suppression of the tearing mode by energetic ions journal, November 1989

Runaway acceleration during magnetic reconnection in tokamaks journal, November 2002

A high-order implicit finite element method for integrating the two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic equations in two dimensions journal, October 2007

Stability of coupled tearing and twisting modes in tokamaks journal, October 1994

Conservative magnetic moment of runaway electrons and collisionless pitch-angle scattering journal, August 2018

Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons journal, June 1975

Effect of Partially Screened Nuclei on Fast-Electron Dynamics journal, June 2017

Resistive instabilities in a tokamak journal, January 1976

Current singularities: Drivers of impulsive reconnection journal, April 2005

Current-Driven Instabilities in Configurations with Sheared Magnetic Fields journal, January 1965

Theory of runaway electrons in ITER: Equations, important parameters, and implications for mitigation journal, March 2015

Disruption mitigation by massive gas injection in JET journal, November 2011

Stability of tearing modes in finite‐beta plasmas journal, August 1994

Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks journal, October 1997

Influence of Gyration Radius and Collisions on Hydromagnetic Stability journal, January 1964

Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. II journal, January 1960

Tearing mode in the cylindrical tokamak journal, January 1973

Runaway electrons and the evolution of the plasma current in tokamak disruptions journal, October 2006

On the inward drift of runaway electrons during the plateau phase of runaway current journal, March 2016

Physics of runaway electrons in tokamaks journal, June 2019

Effects of local features of the equilibrium current density profile on linear tearing modes journal, January 2004

Nonlinear collisionless magnetic reconnection journal, December 1993

Simulation of MHD instabilities with fluid runaway electron model in M3D-C1 journal, May 2020

Nonlinear Saturation of Tearing Mode Islands journal, August 2005

Formation and termination of runaway beams in ITER disruptions journal, April 2017

Influence of massive material injection on avalanche runaway generation during tokamak disruptions journal, June 2019

Pivotal issues on relativistic electrons in ITER journal, January 2018

Growth and decay of runaway electrons above the critical electric field under quiescent conditions journal, February 2014

Rotation and Locking of Magnetic Islands journal, March 1997

Hamiltonian magnetic reconnection journal, December 1999

Runaway electron beam generation and mitigation during disruptions at JET-ILW journal, August 2015

Effect of partially ionized impurities and radiation on the effective critical electric field for runaway generation journal, June 2018

Resistive instabilities in a diffuse linear pinch journal, June 1966

Control of post-disruption runaway electron beams in DIII-D journal, May 2012

Drift-tearing modes in a tokamak plasma journal, August 1978

Real frequency tearing layers with parallel dynamics and the effect on error field locking and resistive wall modes journal, October 2019

Overview of the FTU results journal, July 2019

Resistive instabilities in general toroidal plasma configurations journal, January 1975

Kink instabilities of the post-disruption runaway electron beam at low safety factor journal, March 2019

Resistive stability of a plasma with runaway electrons journal, December 2007

Error field penetration and locking to the backward propagating wave journal, December 2015

Reduced fluid simulation of runaway electron generation in the presence of resistive kink modes journal, May 2017

Calculations of two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic axisymmetric steady-states journal, November 2009

A model of energetic ion effects on pressure driven tearing modes in tokamaks journal, June 2017

Adjoint method and runaway electron avalanche journal, December 2016

Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. I journal, July 1959

Influence of resistive internal kink on runaway current profile journal, January 2015

Nonlinear error field response in the presence of plasma rotation and real frequencies due to favorable curvature journal, March 2020

Runaway electrons and ITER text, January 2017

Runaway electrons and ITER
journal, March 2017

Drift-resistive interchange and tearing modes in cylindrical geometry
journal, January 1983

Suppression of the tearing mode by energetic ions
journal, November 1989

Runaway acceleration during magnetic reconnection in tokamaks
journal, November 2002

A high-order implicit finite element method for integrating the two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic equations in two dimensions
journal, October 2007

Stability of coupled tearing and twisting modes in tokamaks
journal, October 1994

Conservative magnetic moment of runaway electrons and collisionless pitch-angle scattering
journal, August 2018

Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons
journal, June 1975

Effect of Partially Screened Nuclei on Fast-Electron Dynamics
journal, June 2017

Resistive instabilities in a tokamak
journal, January 1976

Current singularities: Drivers of impulsive reconnection
journal, April 2005

Current-Driven Instabilities in Configurations with Sheared Magnetic Fields
journal, January 1965

Theory of runaway electrons in ITER: Equations, important parameters, and implications for mitigation
journal, March 2015

Disruption mitigation by massive gas injection in JET
journal, November 2011

Stability of tearing modes in finite‐beta plasmas
journal, August 1994

Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks
journal, October 1997

Influence of Gyration Radius and Collisions on Hydromagnetic Stability
journal, January 1964

Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. II
journal, January 1960

Tearing mode in the cylindrical tokamak
journal, January 1973

Runaway electrons and the evolution of the plasma current in tokamak disruptions
journal, October 2006

On the inward drift of runaway electrons during the plateau phase of runaway current
journal, March 2016

Physics of runaway electrons in tokamaks
journal, June 2019

Effects of local features of the equilibrium current density profile on linear tearing modes
journal, January 2004

Nonlinear collisionless magnetic reconnection
journal, December 1993

Simulation of MHD instabilities with fluid runaway electron model in M3D-C¹
journal, May 2020

Nonlinear Saturation of Tearing Mode Islands
journal, August 2005

Formation and termination of runaway beams in ITER disruptions
journal, April 2017

Influence of massive material injection on avalanche runaway generation during tokamak disruptions
journal, June 2019

Pivotal issues on relativistic electrons in ITER
journal, January 2018

Growth and decay of runaway electrons above the critical electric field under quiescent conditions
journal, February 2014

Rotation and Locking of Magnetic Islands
journal, March 1997

Hamiltonian magnetic reconnection
journal, December 1999

Runaway electron beam generation and mitigation during disruptions at JET-ILW
journal, August 2015

Effect of partially ionized impurities and radiation on the effective critical electric field for runaway generation
journal, June 2018

Resistive instabilities in a diffuse linear pinch
journal, June 1966

Control of post-disruption runaway electron beams in DIII-D
journal, May 2012

Drift-tearing modes in a tokamak plasma
journal, August 1978

Real frequency tearing layers with parallel dynamics and the effect on error field locking and resistive wall modes
journal, October 2019

Overview of the FTU results
journal, July 2019

Resistive instabilities in general toroidal plasma configurations
journal, January 1975

Kink instabilities of the post-disruption runaway electron beam at low safety factor
journal, March 2019

Resistive stability of a plasma with runaway electrons
journal, December 2007

Error field penetration and locking to the backward propagating wave
journal, December 2015

Reduced fluid simulation of runaway electron generation in the presence of resistive kink modes
journal, May 2017

Calculations of two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic axisymmetric steady-states
journal, November 2009

A model of energetic ion effects on pressure driven tearing modes in tokamaks
journal, June 2017

Adjoint method and runaway electron avalanche
journal, December 2016

Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. I
journal, July 1959

Influence of resistive internal kink on runaway current profile
journal, January 2015

Nonlinear error field response in the presence of plasma rotation and real frequencies due to favorable curvature
journal, March 2020

Runaway electrons and ITER
text, January 2017