Heat and mass transfer during a sudden loss of vacuum in a liquid helium cooled tube – Part I: Interpretation of experimental observations

Garceau, N.; Bao, S.; Guo, W.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.10.053

Title: Heat and mass transfer during a sudden loss of vacuum in a liquid helium cooled tube – Part I: Interpretation of experimental observations

Journal Article · 17 October 2018 · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.10.053 · OSTI ID:1657839

Garceau, N. ^[1]; Bao, S. ^[2];

^[3]

National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL (United States); Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL (United States); Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Lab, Mechanical Engineering Department
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL (United States)
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL (United States); Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL (United States)

Understanding heat and mass transfer processes involved in a sudden catastrophic loss of vacuum is important for many cryogenic systems around the world for cost, damage prevention, and safety reasons. Continuing research in our lab focuses specifically on studying the sudden vacuum break in beam-line tubes of liquid helium cooled superconducting particle accelerators. In our experiments, loss of vacuum is simulated by venting nitrogen gas from a buffer tank to a liquid helium cooled vacuum tube. Previous experiments with normal helium (He I) have revealed that the gas front propagation rate decreases exponentially. This slowing down was attributed to the condensation of the nitrogen gas on the tube inner wall, but a quantitative analysis of the gas dynamics and condensation was lacking. In this paper, we extend the previous experimental work by examining the gas propagation in a longer helical tube system cooled by both He I and superfluid helium (He II). We discuss how the cold section of the tube above the liquid helium bath may affect the gas propagation and can lead to an apparently stronger slowing down effect in the He II cooled tube. Here, we also discuss some limitations in the result interpretation in the previous research. A new theoretical model that systematically describes the gas dynamics and condensation is presented. Preliminary simulation results using the model reproduce some key experimental observations well.

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Research Organization:: Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-96ER40952

OSTI ID:: 1657839

Journal Information:: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Journal Name: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Vol. 129; ISSN 0017-9310

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Heat and mass transfer during a sudden loss of vacuum in a liquid helium cooled tube – Part I: Interpretation of experimental observations

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