Performance of the CMS Level-1 trigger in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} =$$ 13 TeV
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At the start of Run 2 in 2015, the LHC delivered proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13\TeV. During Run 2 (years 2015–2018) the LHC eventually reached a luminosity of 2.1× 1034 cm-2s-1, almost three times that reached during Run 1 (2009–2013) and a factor of two larger than the LHC design value, leading to events with up to a mean of about 50 simultaneous inelastic proton-proton collisions per bunch crossing (pileup). The CMS Level-1 trigger was upgraded prior to 2016 to improve the selection of physics events in the challenging conditions posed by the second run of the LHC. This paper describes the performance of the CMS Level-1 trigger upgrade during the data taking period of 2016–2018. The upgraded trigger implements pattern recognition and boosted decision tree regression techniques for muon reconstruction, includes pileup subtraction for jets and energy sums, and incorporates pileup-dependent isolation requirements for electrons and tau leptons. In addition, the new trigger calculates high-level quantities such as the invariant mass of pairs of reconstructed particles. The upgrade reduces the trigger rate from background processes and improves the trigger efficiency for a wide variety of physics signals.
- Research Organization:
- ABC Federal U.; AGH-UST, Cracow; Aachen, Tech. Hochsch.; Adiyaman U.; Alabama U.; Andes U., Bogota; Antioquia U.; Antwerp U.; Athens U.; Auckland U.; Bangalore, Indian Inst. Sci.; Bari Polytechnic; Bari U.; Basilicata U., Potenza; Baylor U.; BeiHang U.; Beijing, GUCAS; Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.; Belgrade U.; Bethel Coll.; Beykent U.; Bhabha Atomic Res. Ctr.; Bhubaneswar, Inst. Phys.; Bhubaneswar, NISER; Bingöl U.; Bogazici U.; Bologna U.; Boskovic Inst., Zagreb; Boston U.; Brandenburg Tech. U.; Bristol U.; British U. in Egypt; Brown U.; Brunel U.; Brussels U.; Budapest, RMKI; CC, Villeurbanne; CERN; CHEP, Taegu; CINVESTAV, IPN; Cairo, Acad. Sci. Res. Tech.; Caltech; Cantabria Inst. of Phys.; Canterbury U.; Carnegie Mellon U.; Catania U.; Catholic U. America; Charles U.; Chonnam Natl. U.; Chulalongkorn U.; Colombo U.; Colorado U.; Conacyt, Mexico; Cornell U.; Cukurova U.; Cyprus U.; DESY; Debrecen, Inst. Nucl. Res.; Delhi U.; Democritos Nucl. Res. Ctr.; Dubna, JINR; EKU KRC, Gyongyos; Ecole Polytechnique; Eotvos U.; Erzincan U.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Florence U.; Florida Inst. Tech.; Florida Intl. U.; Florida State U.; Florida U.; Frascati; GTU, Tbilisi; Gent U.; Guglielmo Marconi U.; Hacettepe U.; Hamburg U.; Hanyang U.; Haute Alsace U.; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.; Helsinki U.; IISER, Pune; INFN, Bari; INFN, Bologna; INFN, Catania; INFN, Florence; INFN, Genoa; INFN, Milan Bicocca; INFN, Naples; INFN, Padua; INFN, Pavia; INFN, Perugia; INFN, Pisa; INFN, Rome; INFN, Trieste; INFN, Turin; IPM, Tehran; IRFU, Saclay; Iberoamericana U.; Illinois U., Chicago; Imperial Coll., London; Indian Inst. Tech., Bhubaneswar; Indian Inst. Tech., Madras; Inst. Scintill. Mat., Kharkiv; Ioannina U.; Iowa U.; Istanbul Aydin U.; Istanbul Bilgi U.; Istanbul U.; Istanbul, Tech. U.; Izmir Inst. Tech.; Johns Hopkins U.; KIT, Karlsruhe, EKP; Kafkas U.; Kansas State U.; Kansas U.; Karamanoglu Mehmetbey U., Karaman; Kharkov, KIPT; Korea U.; Kyung Hee U.; LIP, Lisbon; Lappeenranta U. Tech.; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Lebedev Inst.; Louvain U.; Lyon, IPN; MIT; MOSTI, Malaysian Nucl. Agency, Kajang; Madrid, Autonoma U.; Madrid, CIEMAT; Malaya U.; Marmara U.; Maryland U.; Mersin U.; Middle East Tech. U., Ankara; Milan Bicocca U.; Mimar Sinan U.; Minnesota U.; Minsk, Inst. Nucl. Problems; Mississippi U.; Monash U.; Montenegro U.; Moscow Phys. Eng. Inst.; Moscow State U.; Moscow, INR; Moscow, ITEP; Moscow, MIPT; NCBJ, Swierk; NICPB, Tallinn; Naples U.; Natl. Tech. U., Athens; Nebraska U.; Northeastern U.; Northwestern U.; Notre Dame U.; Novosibirsk State U.; Novosibirsk, IYF; Ohio State U.; Oviedo U.; Ozyegin U.; PSI, Villigen; Padua U.; Panjab U.; Pavia U.; Peking U.; Pelotas U.; Perugia U.; Piemonte Orientale U., Novara; Piri Reis U., Istanbul; Pisa U.; Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore; Princeton U.; Puebla U., Inst. Fis.; Puerto Rico U., Mayaguez; Purdue U.; Purdue U., Calumet; Quaid-i-Azam U.; Quito, Escuela Politecnica Natl.; Rice U.; Riga Tech. U.; Rio Grande do Sul U.; Rio de Janeiro State U.; Rio de Janeiro, CBPF; Rochester U.; Rome U.; Ruhuna U.; Rutgers U., Piscataway; Rutherford; SUNY, Buffalo; Saha Inst.; San Francisco de Quito U.; San Luis Potosi U.; Sao Paulo, IFT; Sejong U.; Seoul Natl. U.; Seoul U.; Serpukhov, IHEP; Siena U.; Sinop U.; Sofiya U.; Sofiya, Inst. Nucl. Res.; Sonora U.; Southampton U.; Split Tech. U.; Split U.; St. Petersburg Polytechnic Inst.; St. Petersburg, INP; Stefan Meyer Inst. Subatomare Phys.; Strasbourg, IPHC; Suez Canal U.; Sungkyunkwan U.; TIFR, Mumbai, DHEP; TU Vienna; Taiwan, Natl. Central U.; Taiwan, Natl. Taiwan U.; Tbilisi State U.; Tennessee U.; Texas A&M U. Qatar, Doha; Texas A-M; Texas Tech.; Tomsk Polytechnic U.; Tomsk State U.; Trieste U.; Tsinghua U., Beijing; Turin U.; U. Campinas; U. Debrecen, Inst. Phys.; U. Genoa; UC, Davis; UC, Riverside; UC, San Diego; UC, Santa Barbara; UCLA; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); University Coll., Dublin; VINCA Inst. Nucl. Sci., Belgrade; Vanderbilt U.; Vienna, OAW; Vilnius U.; Virginia U.; Visva Bharati U.; Vrije U., Brussels; Warsaw U.; Warsaw U. of Tech.; Wayne State U.; Wisconsin U., Madison; Yerevan Phys. Inst.; Zhejiang U.; Zurich U.; Zurich, ETH
- Sponsoring Organization:
- US Department of Energy; USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
- Contributing Organization:
- CMS Collaboration; CMS collaboration
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11359; SC0009937; SC0010005; SC0010266
- OSTI ID:
- 1647071
- Report Number(s):
- CERN-EP-2020-065; CMS-TRG-17-001; FERMILAB-PUB-20-347-CMS; oai:inspirehep.net:1801861; arXiv:2006.10165
- Journal Information:
- JINST, Journal Name: JINST Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 15
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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