Influence of vitamin B auxotrophy on nitrogen metabolism in eukaryotic phytoplankton
Abstract
While nitrogen availability is known to limit primary production in large parts of the ocean, vitamin starvation amongst eukaryotic phytoplankton is becoming increasingly recognized as an oceanographically relevant phenomenon. Cobalamin (B12) and thiamine (B1) auxotrophy are widespread throughout eukaryotic phytoplankton, with over 50% of cultured isolates requiring B12 and 20% requiring B1. The frequency of vitamin auxotrophy in harmful algal bloom species is even higher. Instances of colimitation between nitrogen and B vitamins have been observed in marine environments, and interactions between these nutrients have been shown to impact phytoplankton species composition. This review surveys available data, including relevant gene expression patterns, to evaluate the potential for interactive effects of nitrogen and vitamin B12 and B1 starvation in eukaryotic phytoplankton. B12 plays essential roles in amino acid and one-carbon metabolism, while B1 is important for primary carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism and likely useful as an anti-oxidant. Here we will focus on three potential metabolic interconnections between vitamin, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolism that may have ramifications for the role of vitamin and nitrogen scarcities in driving ocean productivity and species composition. These include: (1) B12, B1, and N starvation impacts on osmolyte and antioxidant production, (2) B12 and B1 starvationmore »
- Authors:
-
- J. Craig Venter Inst., Inc., San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Microbial and Environmental Genomics
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Inc., Rockville, MD (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1628075
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0006719
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Microbiology; cobalamin; thiamine; S-adenosylmethionine; nitrogen; sulfur; urea cycle; microbial interactions; harmful algal blooms
Citation Formats
Bertrand, Erin M., and Allen, Andrew E. Influence of vitamin B auxotrophy on nitrogen metabolism in eukaryotic phytoplankton. United States: N. p., 2012.
Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00375.
Bertrand, Erin M., & Allen, Andrew E. Influence of vitamin B auxotrophy on nitrogen metabolism in eukaryotic phytoplankton. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00375
Bertrand, Erin M., and Allen, Andrew E. Sun .
"Influence of vitamin B auxotrophy on nitrogen metabolism in eukaryotic phytoplankton". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00375. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1628075.
@article{osti_1628075,
title = {Influence of vitamin B auxotrophy on nitrogen metabolism in eukaryotic phytoplankton},
author = {Bertrand, Erin M. and Allen, Andrew E.},
abstractNote = {While nitrogen availability is known to limit primary production in large parts of the ocean, vitamin starvation amongst eukaryotic phytoplankton is becoming increasingly recognized as an oceanographically relevant phenomenon. Cobalamin (B12) and thiamine (B1) auxotrophy are widespread throughout eukaryotic phytoplankton, with over 50% of cultured isolates requiring B12 and 20% requiring B1. The frequency of vitamin auxotrophy in harmful algal bloom species is even higher. Instances of colimitation between nitrogen and B vitamins have been observed in marine environments, and interactions between these nutrients have been shown to impact phytoplankton species composition. This review surveys available data, including relevant gene expression patterns, to evaluate the potential for interactive effects of nitrogen and vitamin B12 and B1 starvation in eukaryotic phytoplankton. B12 plays essential roles in amino acid and one-carbon metabolism, while B1 is important for primary carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism and likely useful as an anti-oxidant. Here we will focus on three potential metabolic interconnections between vitamin, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolism that may have ramifications for the role of vitamin and nitrogen scarcities in driving ocean productivity and species composition. These include: (1) B12, B1, and N starvation impacts on osmolyte and antioxidant production, (2) B12 and B1 starvation impacts on polyamine biosynthesis, and (3) influence of B12 and B1 starvation on the diatom urea cycle and amino acid recycling through impacts on the citric acid cycle. We evaluate evidence for these interconnections and identify oceanographic contexts in which each may impact rates of primary production and phytoplankton community composition. Major implications include that B12 and B1 deprivation may impair the ability of phytoplankton to recover from nitrogen starvation and that changes in vitamin and nitrogen availability may synergistically impact harmful algal bloom formation.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2012.00375},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2012},
month = {Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2012}
}
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