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Title: Transcriptional responses of Escherichia coli during recovery from inorganic or organic mercury exposure

Abstract

Background: The protean chemical properties of mercury have long made it attractive for diverse applications, but its toxicity requires great care in its use, disposal, and recycling. Mercury occurs in multiple chemical forms, and the molecular basis for the distinct toxicity of its various forms is only partly understood. Global transcriptomics applied over time can reveal how a cell recognizes a toxicant and what cellular subsystems it marshals to repair and recover from the damage. The longitudinal effects on the transcriptome of exponential phase E. coli were compared during sub-acute exposure to mercuric chloride (HgCl2) or to phenylmercuric acetate (PMA) using RNA-Seq. Results: Differential gene expression revealed common and distinct responses to the mercurials throughout recovery. Cultures exhibited growth stasis immediately after each mercurial exposure but returned to normal growth more quickly after PMA exposure than after HgCl2 exposure. Correspondingly, PMA rapidly elicited up-regulation of a large number of genes which continued for 30 min, whereas fewer genes were up-regulated early after HgCl2 exposure only some of which overlapped with PMA up-regulated genes. By 60 min gene expression in PMA-exposed cells was almost indistinguishable from unexposed cells, but HgCl2 exposed cells still had many differentially expressed genes. Relative expression ofmore » energy production and most metabolite uptake pathways declined with both compounds, but nearly all stress response systems were up-regulated by one or the other mercurial during recovery. Conclusions: Sub-acute exposure influenced expression of ~45% of all genes with many distinct responses for each compound, reflecting differential biochemical damage by each mercurial and the corresponding resources available for repair. This study is the first global, high-resolution view of the transcriptional responses to any common toxicant in a prokaryotic model system from exposure to recovery of active growth. The responses provoked by these two mercurials in this model bacterium also provide insights about how higher organisms may respond to these ubiquitous metal toxicants.« less

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1618556
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1506472
Grant/Contract Number:  
ER64408; ER65286; FG02-07ER64408
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
BMC Genomics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: BMC Genomics Journal Volume: 19 Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1471-2164
Publisher:
Springer Science + Business Media
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Longitudinal RNA-Seq; Transcriptomics; Toxic metals; Essential metals; Stress response; Biofilm; Phenylmercury; Antibiotic resistance

Citation Formats

LaVoie, Stephen P., and Summers, Anne O. Transcriptional responses of Escherichia coli during recovery from inorganic or organic mercury exposure. United Kingdom: N. p., 2018. Web. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4413-z.
LaVoie, Stephen P., & Summers, Anne O. Transcriptional responses of Escherichia coli during recovery from inorganic or organic mercury exposure. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-4413-z
LaVoie, Stephen P., and Summers, Anne O. Tue . "Transcriptional responses of Escherichia coli during recovery from inorganic or organic mercury exposure". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-4413-z.
@article{osti_1618556,
title = {Transcriptional responses of Escherichia coli during recovery from inorganic or organic mercury exposure},
author = {LaVoie, Stephen P. and Summers, Anne O.},
abstractNote = {Background: The protean chemical properties of mercury have long made it attractive for diverse applications, but its toxicity requires great care in its use, disposal, and recycling. Mercury occurs in multiple chemical forms, and the molecular basis for the distinct toxicity of its various forms is only partly understood. Global transcriptomics applied over time can reveal how a cell recognizes a toxicant and what cellular subsystems it marshals to repair and recover from the damage. The longitudinal effects on the transcriptome of exponential phase E. coli were compared during sub-acute exposure to mercuric chloride (HgCl2) or to phenylmercuric acetate (PMA) using RNA-Seq. Results: Differential gene expression revealed common and distinct responses to the mercurials throughout recovery. Cultures exhibited growth stasis immediately after each mercurial exposure but returned to normal growth more quickly after PMA exposure than after HgCl2 exposure. Correspondingly, PMA rapidly elicited up-regulation of a large number of genes which continued for 30 min, whereas fewer genes were up-regulated early after HgCl2 exposure only some of which overlapped with PMA up-regulated genes. By 60 min gene expression in PMA-exposed cells was almost indistinguishable from unexposed cells, but HgCl2 exposed cells still had many differentially expressed genes. Relative expression of energy production and most metabolite uptake pathways declined with both compounds, but nearly all stress response systems were up-regulated by one or the other mercurial during recovery. Conclusions: Sub-acute exposure influenced expression of ~45% of all genes with many distinct responses for each compound, reflecting differential biochemical damage by each mercurial and the corresponding resources available for repair. This study is the first global, high-resolution view of the transcriptional responses to any common toxicant in a prokaryotic model system from exposure to recovery of active growth. The responses provoked by these two mercurials in this model bacterium also provide insights about how higher organisms may respond to these ubiquitous metal toxicants.},
doi = {10.1186/s12864-017-4413-z},
journal = {BMC Genomics},
number = 1,
volume = 19,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {Tue Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Tue Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}

Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-4413-z

Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 12 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Effects of sub-acute mercury exposure on growth of MG1655. a E. coli K12 MG1655 grown in MOPS minimal medium, unexposed (blue) or exposed to 3 μM HgCl2 (red) or 3 μM PMA (green) during mid-log phase. Asterisks indicate sampling times for RNA-seq. Error bars are standard error (SEM)more » of 3 biological replicates for each culture condition. See Additional file 1: Figure S1 for full growth curve. b Significantly differentially expressed genes (DEG) counts (up-regulated or down-regulated) for HgCl2 and PMA relative to unexposed control culture at each time point« less

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