Fluctuating temperature and baryon chemical potential in heavy-ion collisions and the position of the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram
Abstract
We use the linear sigma model with quarks to locate the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram accounting for fluctuations in the temperature and quark chemical potential. For this purpose, we use the nonequilibrium formalism provided by the superstatistics framework. We compute the effective potential in the high- and low-temperature approximations up to sixth order and include the contribution of ring diagrams to account for plasma screening effects. We fix the model parameters from relations between the thermal sigma and pion masses imposing a first-order phase transition at zero temperature and a finite critical value for the baryon chemical potential that we take of the order of the nucleon mass. We find that the critical end point displacement due to fluctuations in the temperature and/or quark chemical potential is almost negligible.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT); Simons Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1615535
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1799984
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-00ER41132; IG100219; 1200483; 557037
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review D
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Volume: 101 Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
Citation Formats
Ayala, Alejandro, Hernández-Ortiz, Saul, Hernández, L. A., Knapp-Pérez, Víctor, and Zamora, R. Fluctuating temperature and baryon chemical potential in heavy-ion collisions and the position of the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.074023.
Ayala, Alejandro, Hernández-Ortiz, Saul, Hernández, L. A., Knapp-Pérez, Víctor, & Zamora, R. Fluctuating temperature and baryon chemical potential in heavy-ion collisions and the position of the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.074023
Ayala, Alejandro, Hernández-Ortiz, Saul, Hernández, L. A., Knapp-Pérez, Víctor, and Zamora, R. Mon .
"Fluctuating temperature and baryon chemical potential in heavy-ion collisions and the position of the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.074023.
@article{osti_1615535,
title = {Fluctuating temperature and baryon chemical potential in heavy-ion collisions and the position of the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram},
author = {Ayala, Alejandro and Hernández-Ortiz, Saul and Hernández, L. A. and Knapp-Pérez, Víctor and Zamora, R.},
abstractNote = {We use the linear sigma model with quarks to locate the critical end point in the effective QCD phase diagram accounting for fluctuations in the temperature and quark chemical potential. For this purpose, we use the nonequilibrium formalism provided by the superstatistics framework. We compute the effective potential in the high- and low-temperature approximations up to sixth order and include the contribution of ring diagrams to account for plasma screening effects. We fix the model parameters from relations between the thermal sigma and pion masses imposing a first-order phase transition at zero temperature and a finite critical value for the baryon chemical potential that we take of the order of the nucleon mass. We find that the critical end point displacement due to fluctuations in the temperature and/or quark chemical potential is almost negligible.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.101.074023},
journal = {Physical Review D},
number = 7,
volume = 101,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.074023
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.074023
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 12 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential from Dyson–Schwinger equations
journal, March 2019
- Fischer, Christian S.
- Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 105
Multiplicity dependence of non-extensive parameters for strange and multi-strange particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ s = 7 TeV at the LHC
journal, May 2017
- Khuntia, Arvind; Tripathy, Sushanta; Sahoo, Raghunath
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 53, Issue 5
Universality, the QCD critical and tricritical point, and the quark number susceptibility
journal, January 2003
- Hatta, Yoshitaka; Ikeda, Takashi
- Physical Review D, Vol. 67, Issue 1
Superstatistics: theory and applications
journal, March 2004
- Beck, C.
- Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Vol. 16, Issue 3
Chiral crossover in QCD at zero and non-zero chemical potentials
journal, August 2019
- Bazavov, A.; Ding, H. -T.; Hegde, P.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 795
Elliptic flow in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{\rm NN}}} = 2.76$ s NN = 2 . 76 TeV at the LHC using Boltzmann transport equation with non-extensive statistics
journal, March 2018
- Tripathy, Sushanta; Kumar Tiwari, Swatantra; Younus, Mohammed
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 54, Issue 3
Locating the QCD critical endpoint through finite-size scaling
journal, February 2018
- Antoniou, N. G.; Diakonos, F. K.; Maintas, X. N.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 3
Critical end point in a thermomagnetic nonlocal NJL model
journal, September 2017
- Márquez, F.; Zamora, R.
- International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 32, Issue 26
QCD phase diagram from chiral symmetry restoration: analytic approach at high and low temperature using the Linear Sigma Model with Quarks
journal, April 2018
- Hernandez, Luis; Ayala, Alejandro; Hernandez-Ortiz, Saul
- Revista Mexicana de Física, Vol. 64, Issue 3
Quark number fluctuations at finite temperature and finite chemical potential via the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach
journal, October 2014
- Xin, Xian-yin; Qin, Si-xue; Liu, Yu-xin
- Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 7
Lattice thermodynamics at finite chemical potential from analytical Continuation
journal, August 2018
- Guenther, Jana N.; Borsanyi, Szabolcs; Fodor, Zoltan
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1070
Higher order fluctuations and correlations of conserved charges from lattice QCD
journal, October 2018
- Borsanyi, Szabolcs; Fodor, Zoltan; Guenther, Jana N.
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 10
Feasibility study of heavy-ion collision physics at NICA JINR
journal, November 2017
- Kekelidze, V.; Kovalenko, A.; Lednicky, R.
- Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 967
The chiral critical point of N f = 3 QCD at finite density to the order (μ/ T ) 4
journal, November 2008
- Forcrand, Philippe de; Philipsen, Owe
- Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2008, Issue 11
Chiral phase transitions in QCD for finite temperature and density
journal, March 1990
- Barducci, A.; Casalbuoni, R.; De Curtis, S.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 41, Issue 5
Nuclear modification factor using Tsallis non-extensive statistics
journal, September 2016
- Tripathy, Sushanta; Bhattacharyya, Trambak; Garg, Prakhar
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 52, Issue 9
Magnetized effective QCD phase diagram
journal, November 2015
- Ayala, Alejandro; Dominguez, C. A.; Hernández, L. A.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 9
Phase structure of the Polyakov-quark-meson model
journal, October 2007
- Schaefer, B. -J.; Pawlowski, J. M.; Wambach, J.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 76, Issue 7
Curvature of the chiral pseudocritical line in QCD: Continuum extrapolated results
journal, September 2015
- Bonati, Claudio; D’Elia, Massimo; Mariti, Marco
- Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 5
The imprints of superstatistics in multiparticle production processes
journal, January 2012
- Wilk, Grzegorz; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew
- Open Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 3
Collision energy dependence of moments of net-kaon multiplicity distributions at RHIC
journal, October 2018
- Adamczyk, L.; Adams, J. R.; Adkins, J. K.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 785
Radial flow in non-extensive thermodynamics and study of particle spectra at LHC in the limit of small (q - 1)
journal, February 2016
- Bhattacharyya, Trambak; Cleymans, Jean; Khuntia, Arvind
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 52, Issue 2
Exploring the QCD Phase Structure with Beam Energy Scan in Heavy-ion Collisions
journal, December 2016
- Luo, Xiaofeng
- Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 956
The phase structure of the Polyakov–quark–meson model beyond mean field
journal, January 2011
- Herbst, Tina Katharina; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Schaefer, Bernd-Jochen
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 696, Issue 1-2
QCD equation of state to from lattice QCD
journal, March 2017
- Bazavov, A.; Ding, H. -T.; Hegde, P.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 5
Chiral phase transition within effective models with constituent quarks
journal, August 2001
- Scavenius, O.; Mócsy, Á.; Mishustin, I. N.
- Physical Review C, Vol. 64, Issue 4
Hadronic matter near the boiling point
journal, August 1968
- Hagedorn, R.
- Il Nuovo Cimento A, Vol. 56, Issue 4
Curvature of the pseudocritical line in QCD: Taylor expansion matches analytic continuation
journal, September 2018
- Bonati, Claudio; D’Elia, Massimo; Negro, Francesco
- Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 5
Beam Energy Dependence of Moments of the Net-Charge Multiplicity Distributions in Collisions at RHIC
journal, August 2014
- Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 9
Proper time regularization and the QCD chiral phase transition
journal, April 2017
- Cui, Zhu-Fang; Zhang, Jin-Li; Zong, Hong-Shi
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Recent developments in superstatistics
journal, January 2009
- Beck, Christian
- Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol. 39, Issue 2a
Pressure and nonlinear susceptibilities in QCD at finite chemical potentials
journal, August 2003
- Gavai, Rajiv V.; Gupta, Sourendu
- Physical Review D, Vol. 68, Issue 3
Chiral phases of QCD at finite density and temperature
journal, January 1994
- Barducci, A.; Casalbuoni, R.; Pettini, G.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 49, Issue 1
Thermodynamics of two flavor QCD to sixth order in quark chemical potential
journal, March 2005
- Allton, C. R.; Döring, M.; Ejiri, S.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 71, Issue 5
The heavy-ion program of the future FAIR facility
journal, January 2017
- Senger, P.
- Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 798
Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions at RHIC
journal, January 2014
- Adamczyk, L.; Adkins, J. K.; Agakishiev, G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 3
Power laws in elementary and heavy-ion collisions: A story of fluctuations and nonextensivity?
journal, May 2009
- Wilk, G.; Włodarczyk, Z.
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 40, Issue 3
Supporting the search for the CEP location with nonlocal PNJL models constrained by lattice QCD
journal, August 2016
- Contrera, Gustavo A.; Grunfeld, A. Gabriela; Blaschke, David
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 52, Issue 8
Superstatistical cluster decay
journal, December 2015
- Wilk, Grzegorz; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew
- Physics Letters A, Vol. 379, Issue 45-46
Chiral restoration at finite density and temperature
journal, November 1989
- Masayuki, Asakawa; Koichi, Yazaki
- Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 504, Issue 4
Chiral phase transition and QCD phase diagram from AdS/QCD
journal, February 2019
- Fang, Zhen; Wu, Yue-Liang; Zhang, Lin
- Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 3
Phase diagram of QCD
journal, September 1998
- Halasz, M. A.; Jackson, A. D.; Shrock, R. E.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 58, Issue 9
Symmetry behavior at finite temperature
journal, June 1974
- Dolan, L.; Jackiw, R.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 9, Issue 12
On the critical end point of QCD
journal, June 2005
- Gavai, R. V.; Gupta, Sourendu
- Physical Review D, Vol. 71, Issue 11
The STAR beam energy scan phase II physics and upgrades
journal, November 2017
- Yang, Chi
- Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 967
Tsallis statistics approach to the transverse momentum distributions in p–p collisions
journal, February 2014
- Rybczyński, Maciej; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 74, Issue 2
The magnetized electron gas in terms of Hurwitz zeta functions
journal, October 2001
- Dib, Claudio O.; Espinosa, Olivier
- Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 612, Issue 3
Chiral symmetry restoration by parity doubling and the structure of neutron stars
journal, November 2018
- Marczenko, Michał; Blaschke, David; Redlich, Krzysztof
- Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 10
QCD phase diagram from finite energy sum rules
journal, September 2011
- Ayala, Alejandro; Bashir, Adnan; Dominguez, C. A.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 84, Issue 5
QCD thermal phase transition in the presence of a small chemical potential
journal, October 2002
- Allton, C. R.; Ejiri, S.; Hands, S. J.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 66, Issue 7
Short-range two-particle correlations from statistical clusters
journal, May 2016
- Bialas, A.; Bzdak, A.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 9
Critical line of flavor QCD
journal, April 2014
- Cea, Paolo; Cosmai, Leonardo; Papa, Alessandro
- Physical Review D, Vol. 89, Issue 7
Multiplicity fluctuations due to the temperature fluctuations in high-energy nuclear collisions
journal, May 2009
- Wilk, Grzegorz; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew
- Physical Review C, Vol. 79, Issue 5
Curvature of the chiral pseudocritical line in QCD
journal, December 2014
- Bonati, Claudio; D’Elia, Massimo; Mariti, Marco
- Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 11
Color superconductivity and chiral symmetry restoration at non-zero baryon density and temperature
journal, January 1999
- Berges, Jürgen; Rajagopal, Krishna
- Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 538, Issue 1-2
Tsallis p ⊥ distribution from statistical clusters
journal, July 2015
- Bialas, A.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 747
Superstatistics
journal, May 2003
- Beck, C.; Cohen, E. G. D.
- Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Vol. 322
Holographic QCD phase diagram with critical point from Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton dynamics
journal, March 2018
- Knaute, J.; Yaresko, R.; Kämpfer, B.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 778
Imaginary Chemical Potential, NJL-Type Model and Confinement–Deconfinement Transition
journal, April 2019
- Kashiwa, Kouji
- Symmetry, Vol. 11, Issue 4
Critical line of flavor QCD: Toward the continuum limit
journal, January 2016
- Cea, Paolo; Cosmai, Leonardo; Papa, Alessandro
- Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 1
Chiral-symmetry breaking in QCD at finite temperature and density
journal, November 1989
- Barducci, A.; Casalbuoni, R.; De Curtis, S.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 231, Issue 4
Phase transition for the system of finite volume in the ϕ4 theory in the Tsallis nonextensive statistics
journal, April 2018
- Ishihara, Masamichi
- International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 33, Issue 12
Effective model for the QCD phase transitions at finite baryon density
journal, June 2015
- Benić, S.; Mishustin, I.; Sasaki, C.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 12
Quark number susceptibilities and equation of state at finite chemical potential in staggered QCD with
journal, March 2017
- Datta, Saumen; Gavai, Rajiv V.; Gupta, Sourendu
- Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 5
On the critical end point in a two-flavor linear sigma model coupled to quarks
journal, February 2020
- Ayala, Alejandro; Hernández, L. A.; Loewe, M.
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 56, Issue 2
Critical behaviors near the (tri-)critical end point of QCD within the NJL model
journal, October 2015
- Lu, Ya; Du, Yi-Lun; Cui, Zhu-Fang
- The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 75, Issue 10
The QCD phase diagram from analytic continuation
journal, December 2015
- Bellwied, R.; Borsanyi, S.; Fodor, Z.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 751
The phase diagram of dense QCD
journal, December 2010
- Fukushima, Kenji; Hatsuda, Tetsuo
- Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 74, Issue 1
Superstatistics and the effective QCD phase diagram
journal, December 2018
- Ayala, Alejandro; Hentschinski, Martin; Hernández, L. A.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 11
Search for the QCD critical point with fluctuations of conserved quantities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC: an overview
journal, July 2017
- Luo, Xiaofeng; Xu, Nu
- Nuclear Science and Techniques, Vol. 28, Issue 8
From QCD-based hard-scattering to nonextensive statistical mechanical descriptions of transverse momentum spectra in high-energy and collisions
journal, June 2015
- Wong, Cheuk-Yin; Wilk, Grzegorz; Cirto, Leonardo J. L.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 11
Phase structure of three and four flavor QCD
journal, August 2014
- Fischer, Christian S.; Luecker, Jan; Welzbacher, Christian A.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 3
Dynamical versus equilibrium properties of the QCD phase transition: A holographic perspective
journal, July 2017
- Rougemont, Romulo; Critelli, Renato; Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 1
On the precise determination of the Tsallis parameters in proton–proton collisions at LHC energies
journal, March 2018
- Bhattacharyya, T.; Cleymans, J.; Marques, L.
- Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 45, Issue 5
An example of the interplay of nonextensivity and dynamics in the description of QCD matter
journal, September 2016
- Rożynek, Jacek; Wilk, Grzegorz
- The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 52, Issue 9
QCD Phase Transition with Chiral Quarks and Physical Quark Masses
journal, August 2014
- Bhattacharya, Tanmoy; Buchoff, Michael I.; Christ, Norman H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 8
Thermodynamics and critical behavior in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model of QCD
journal, May 2008
- Costa, P.; Ruivo, M. C.; de Sousa, C. A.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 77, Issue 9
Bootstraping the QCD critical point
journal, June 2003
- Antoniou, N. G.; Kapoyannis, A. S.
- Physics Letters B, Vol. 563, Issue 3-4