Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk

Buch, Jatan; Leung, Shing (John); Fan, JiJi

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/04/026

Title: Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk

Abstract

We use stellar kinematics from the latest Gaia data release (DR2) to measure the local dark matter (DM) density ρ_DM in a heliocentric cylinder of radius R= 150 pc and half-height z= 200 pc. We also explore the prospect of using our analysis to estimate the DM density in local substructure by setting constraints on the surface density and scale height of a thin dark disk aligned with the baryonic disk and formed due to dissipative dark matter self-interactions. Performing the statistical analysis within a Bayesian framework for three types of tracers, we obtain ρDM = 0.016 ± 0.010 M_⊙/pc³ for A stars; early G stars give a similar result, while F stars yield a significantly higher value. For a thin dark disk, A stars set the strongest constraint: excluding surface densities (5–12) M_⊙/pc² for scale heights below 100 pc with 95% confidence. The upper bound of this constraint implies ≲ 1% of the Milky Way DM mass is present in a dissipative dark sector. Comparing our results with those derived using Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) data, we find that the uncertainty in our measurements of the local DM content is dominated by systematic errors that arise from assumptions ofmore »« less

Authors:

Buch, Jatan ^[1]; Leung, Shing ^[2]; Fan, JiJi ^[1]

Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
(John) [Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1611329

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010010

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 2019; Journal Issue: 04; Journal ID: ISSN 1475-7516

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics

Citation Formats


                    Buch, Jatan, Leung, Shing, and Fan, JiJi. Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/04/026.

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                    Buch, Jatan, Leung, Shing, & Fan, JiJi. Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/04/026

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                    Buch, Jatan, Leung, Shing, and Fan, JiJi. Mon .  
"Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/04/026.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1611329.

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@article{osti_1611329,

  title        = {Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk},

  author       = {Buch, Jatan and Leung, Shing and Fan, JiJi},

  abstractNote = {We use stellar kinematics from the latest Gaia data release (DR2) to measure the local dark matter (DM) density ρDM in a heliocentric cylinder of radius R= 150 pc and half-height z= 200 pc. We also explore the prospect of using our analysis to estimate the DM density in local substructure by setting constraints on the surface density and scale height of a thin dark disk aligned with the baryonic disk and formed due to dissipative dark matter self-interactions. Performing the statistical analysis within a Bayesian framework for three types of tracers, we obtain ρDM = 0.016 ± 0.010 M⊙/pc3 for A stars; early G stars give a similar result, while F stars yield a significantly higher value. For a thin dark disk, A stars set the strongest constraint: excluding surface densities (5–12) M⊙/pc2 for scale heights below 100 pc with 95% confidence. The upper bound of this constraint implies ≲ 1% of the Milky Way DM mass is present in a dissipative dark sector. Comparing our results with those derived using Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) data, we find that the uncertainty in our measurements of the local DM content is dominated by systematic errors that arise from assumptions of our dynamical analysis in the low z region. Furthermore, there will only be a marginal reduction in these uncertainties with more data in the Gaia era. We comment on the robustness of our method and discuss potential improvements for future work.},

  doi          = {10.1088/1475-7516/2019/04/026},

  journal      = {Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics},

  number       = 04,

  volume       = 2019,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon Apr 15 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Büdenbender, Alex; van de Ven, Glenn; Watkins, Laura L.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1407.4808

Dissipative hidden sector dark matter
text, January 2014

Foot, R.; Vagnozzi, S.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1409.7174

Dissipative Dark Matter and the Andromeda Plane of Satellites
text, January 2014

Randall, Lisa; Scholtz, Jakub
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1412.1839

Dynamical constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way
text, January 2015

Pato, Miguel; Iocco, Fabio; Bertone, Gianfranco
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1504.06324

Stars, Gas, and Dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood
text, January 2015

McKee, Christopher F.; Parravano, Antonio; Hollenbach, David J.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1509.05334

On Galactic density modeling in the presence of dust extinction
text, January 2015

Bovy, Jo; Rix, Hans-Walter; Green, Gregory M.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1509.06751

Nonthermal production of dark radiation and dark matter
text, January 2015

Reece, Matthew; Roxlo, Thomas
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1511.06768

Solving the small-scale structure puzzles with dissipative dark matter
text, January 2016

Foot, Robert; Vagnozzi, Sunny
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1602.02467

Updated Kinematic Constraints on a Dark Disk
text, January 2016

Kramer, Eric David; Randall, Lisa
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1604.01407

Dark Catalysis
text, January 2017

Agrawal, Prateek; Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan; Randall, Lisa
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1702.05482

Point Sources from Dissipative Dark Matter
text, January 2017

Agrawal, Prateek; Randall, Lisa
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1706.04195

Binary pulsars as probes of a Galactic dark matter disk
preprint, January 2017

Caputo, Andrea; Zavala, Jesús; Blas, Diego
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1709.03991

Self-interacting dark matter constraints in a thick dark disk scenario
text, January 2018

Vattis, Kyriakos; Koushiappas, Savvas M.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1801.06556

Gaia Data Release 2: processing of the photometric data
text, January 2018

Riello, M.; De Angeli, F.; Evans, D. W.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1804.09367

Gaia Data Release 2: Photometric content and validation
text, January 2018

Evans, D. W.; Riello, M.; De Angeli, F.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1804.09368

Gaia Data Release 2: using Gaia parallaxes
text, January 2018

Luri, X.; Brown, A. G. A.; Sarro, L. M.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1804.09376

Vertical waves in the solar neighbourhood in Gaia DR2
text, January 2018

Bennett, Morgan; Bovy, Jo
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1809.03507

The local surface density of disc matter mapped by Hipparcos
text, January 2004

Holmberg, Johan; Flynn, Chris
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0405155

A new reduction of the raw Hipparcos data
text, January 2005

van Leeuwen, Floor; Fantino, Elena
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0505432

On the mass-to-light ratio of the local Galactic disc and the optical luminosity of the Galaxy
text, January 2006

Flynn, Chris; Holmberg, Johan; Portinari, Laura
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0608193

Nonthermal production of dark radiation and dark matter
journal, September 2016

Reece, Matthew; Roxlo, Thomas
Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1007/jhep09(2016)096

Limits on the local dark matter density
journal, January 2012

Garbari, S.; Read, J. I.; Lake, G.
EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 19
DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20121901008

The Dynamics of the Interstellar Medium. III. Galactic Distribution.
journal, January 1942

Spitzer, Lyman, Jr.
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 95
DOI: 10.1086/144407

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - II. Determination of the surface mass density of the galactic disc near the Sun
journal, July 1989

Kuijken, K.; Gilmore, G.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 239, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/239.2.605

A non-parametric method for measuring the local dark matter density
journal, April 2016

Silverwood, H.; Sivertsson, S.; Steger, P.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 459, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw917

On the mass-to-light ratio of the local Galactic disc and the optical luminosity of the Galaxy
journal, November 2006

Flynn, C.; Holmberg, J.; Portinari, L.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 372, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10911.x

Weak convergence and optimal scaling of random walk Metropolis algorithms
journal, February 1997

Roberts, G. O.; Gelman, A.; Gilks, W. R.
The Annals of Applied Probability, Vol. 7, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1214/aoap/1034625254

Bending and Breathing Modes of the Galactic Disk
text, January 2014

Widrow, Lawrence M.; Barber, Jarrett; Chequers, Matthew H.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1404.4069

Diurnal modulation signal from dissipative hidden sector dark matter
text, January 2014

Foot, R.; Vagnozzi, S.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1412.0762

Solving the small-scale structure puzzles with dissipative dark matter
text, January 2016

Foot, Robert; Vagnozzi, Sunny
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1602.02467

The Local Dark Matter Density from SDSS-SEGUE G-dwarfs
text, January 2017

Sivertsson, Sofia; Silverwood, Hamish; Read, Justin I.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1708.07836

Works referencing / citing this record:

A solar system test of self-interacting dark matter
journal, June 2019

Gaidau, Cristian; Shelton, Jessie
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 06
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/06/022

Early formation of supermassive black holes via dark matter self-interactions
journal, July 2019

Choquette, Jeremie; Cline, James M.; Cornell, Jonathan M.
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 07
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/07/036

Uncertainties in direct dark matter detection in light of Gaia's escape velocity measurements
journal, October 2019

Wu, Youjia; Freese, Katherine; Kelso, Chris
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/10/034

On the estimation of the local dark matter density using the rotation curve of the Milky Way
journal, October 2019

de Salas, P. F.; Malhan, K.; Freese, K.
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 10
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/10/037

Addressing astrophysical and cosmological problems with secretly asymmetric dark matter
journal, July 2019

Dessert, Christopher; Kilic, Can; Trendafilova, Cynthia
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.015029

Direct detection anomalies in light of $G A I A$ data
journal, September 2019

Buckley, Matthew R.; Mohlabeng, Gopolang; Murphy, Christopher W.
Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.055039

Detecting Gravitational Scattering of Interstellar Objects Using Pulsar Timing
journal, February 2020

Jennings, Ross J.; Cordes, James M.; Chatterjee, Shami
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab64df

Uncertainties in Direct Dark Matter Detection in Light of Gaia's Escape Velocity Measurements
text, January 2019

Wu, Youjia; Freese, Katherine; Kelso, Chris
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1904.04781

On the estimation of the Local Dark Matter Density using the rotation curve of the Milky Way
text, January 2019

de Salas, P. F.; Malhan, K.; Freese, K.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1906.06133

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Title: Using Gaia DR2 to constrain local dark matter density and thin dark disk

Abstract

Citation Formats

A new reduction of the raw Hipparcos data journal, July 2005

Ensemble samplers with affine invariance journal, January 2010

Stellar inventory of the solar neighbourhood using Gaia DR1 journal, May 2017

Dark-Disk Universe journal, May 2013

Binary pulsars as probes of a Galactic dark matter disk journal, March 2018

The Dynamics of the Interstellar Medium. III. Galactic Distribution. journal, January 1942

Dissipative hidden sector dark matter journal, January 2015

Gaia Data Release 2 : Summary of the contents and survey properties journal, August 2018

A dynamically young and perturbed Milky Way disk journal, September 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : The astrometric solution journal, August 2018

Constraining a Thin Dark Matter Disk with G a i a journal, August 2018

Cooling in a dissipative dark sector journal, December 2017

Galactoseismology and the local density of dark matter journal, October 2016

The local surface density of disc matter mapped by Hipparcos journal, August 2004

Direct and indirect detection of dissipative dark matter journal, June 2014

Dynamical constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way journal, December 2015

SEGUE: A SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY OF 240,000 STARS WITH g = 14-20 journal, April 2009

Dark catalysis journal, August 2017

Gaia Data Release 2 : Using journal, August 2018

On Galactic Density Modeling in the Presence of dust Extinction journal, February 2016

A DIRECT DYNAMICAL MEASUREMENT OF THE MILKY WAY'S DISK SURFACE DENSITY PROFILE, DISK SCALE LENGTH, AND DARK MATTER PROFILE AT 4 kpc ≲ R ≲ 9 kpc journal, December 2013

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - III. The local volume mass density journal, July 1989

Updated Kinematic Constraints on a dark disk journal, June 2016

emcee : The MCMC Hammer journal, March 2013

The localdark matter density from SDSS-SEGUE G-dwarfs journal, April 2018

Galactic searches for dark matter journal, October 2013

Solving the small-scale structure puzzles with dissipative dark matter journal, July 2016

The tilt of the velocity ellipsoid in the Milky Way disc journal, July 2015

Gala: A Python package for galactic dynamics journal, October 2017

On the Local dark Matter Density journal, August 2012

Vertical waves in the solar neighbourhood in Gaia DR2 journal, October 2018

Local kinematics and the local standard of rest journal, April 2010

Substructure in bulk Velocities of Milky way disk Stars journal, October 2013

The local dark matter density journal, May 2014

Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main-Sequence Stars journal, September 2013

A non-parametric method for measuring the local dark matter density journal, April 2016

Weak convergence and optimal scaling of random walk Metropolis algorithms journal, February 1997

Local dark matter from a carefully selected sample journal, April 1992

Kinematical constraints on the dynamically determined local mass density of the Galaxy conference, January 1992

Self-interacting dark matter constraints in a thick dark disk scenario journal, May 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : Photometric content and validation journal, August 2018

Gaia Data Release 2: Processing of the photometric data journal, August 2018

Gaia Data Release 2: Processing the spectroscopic data journal, August 2018

Collapsed Dark Matter Structures journal, February 2018

Galactoseismology: Discovery of Vertical Waves in the Galactic disk journal, April 2012

Gaia Data Release 2: Properties and validation of the radial velocities journal, February 2019

Astropy: A community Python package for astronomy journal, September 2013

Self-consistent determinations of the total amount of matter near the sun journal, January 1984

Stars, gas, and dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood journal, November 2015

Dissipative dark matter and the Andromeda plane of satellites journal, September 2015

Limits on the local dark matter density: Limits on the local dark matter density journal, July 2011

The distribution of stars perpendicular to galactic disk journal, January 1984

The Spatial Structure of Mono-Abundance Sub-Populations of the Milky way disk journal, June 2012

Double-Disk Dark Matter journal, September 2013

The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) journal, February 2006

Vertical density waves in the Milky Way disc induced by the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy journal, November 2012

Interstellar gas and a dark disk journal, September 2016

Galactic rotation in Gaia DR1 journal, February 2017

The Gaia mission journal, November 2016

The dark matter density at the Sun’s location journal, November 2010

Massive black holes from dissipative dark matter journal, September 2017

Cosmology of atomic dark matter journal, May 2013

Dark Matter as a Trigger for Periodic Comet Impacts journal, April 2014

Exothermic double-disk dark matter journal, October 2013

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - I. A technique to determine the integral surface mass density of the disc near the Sun journal, July 1989

Bending and breathing modes of the Galactic disc journal, April 2014

Accretion of dissipative dark matter onto active galactic nuclei journal, November 2018

Density of matter in the Galactic disc journal, October 1994

IPython: A System for Interactive Scientific Computing journal, January 2007

Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment journal, January 2007

Constraining the Galactic potential via action-based distribution functions for mono-abundance stellar populations journal, July 2013

The Sausage Globular Clusters journal, August 2018

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - II. Determination of the surface mass density of the galactic disc near the Sun journal, July 1989

The NumPy Array: A Structure for Efficient Numerical Computation journal, March 2011

A new determination of the local dark matter density from the kinematics of K dwarfs: The local dark matter density from K dwarfs journal, August 2012

The local density of matter mapped by Hipparcos journal, April 2000

Point sources from dissipative dark matter journal, December 2017

A new reduction of the raw Hipparcos data
journal, July 2005

Ensemble samplers with affine invariance
journal, January 2010

Stellar inventory of the solar neighbourhood using Gaia DR1
journal, May 2017

Dark-Disk Universe
journal, May 2013

Binary pulsars as probes of a Galactic dark matter disk
journal, March 2018

The Dynamics of the Interstellar Medium. III. Galactic Distribution.
journal, January 1942

Dissipative hidden sector dark matter
journal, January 2015

Gaia Data Release 2 : Summary of the contents and survey properties
journal, August 2018

A dynamically young and perturbed Milky Way disk
journal, September 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : The astrometric solution
journal, August 2018

Constraining a Thin Dark Matter Disk with $G a i a$
journal, August 2018

Cooling in a dissipative dark sector
journal, December 2017

Galactoseismology and the local density of dark matter
journal, October 2016

The local surface density of disc matter mapped by Hipparcos
journal, August 2004

Direct and indirect detection of dissipative dark matter
journal, June 2014

Dynamical constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way
journal, December 2015

SEGUE: A SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY OF 240,000 STARS WITH g = 14-20
journal, April 2009

Dark catalysis
journal, August 2017

Gaia Data Release 2 : Using
journal, August 2018

On Galactic Density Modeling in the Presence of dust Extinction
journal, February 2016

A DIRECT DYNAMICAL MEASUREMENT OF THE MILKY WAY'S DISK SURFACE DENSITY PROFILE, DISK SCALE LENGTH, AND DARK MATTER PROFILE AT 4 kpc ≲ R ≲ 9 kpc
journal, December 2013

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - III. The local volume mass density
journal, July 1989

Updated Kinematic Constraints on a dark disk
journal, June 2016

`emcee` : The MCMC Hammer
journal, March 2013

The localdark matter density from SDSS-SEGUE G-dwarfs
journal, April 2018

Galactic searches for dark matter
journal, October 2013

Solving the small-scale structure puzzles with dissipative dark matter
journal, July 2016

The tilt of the velocity ellipsoid in the Milky Way disc
journal, July 2015

Gala: A Python package for galactic dynamics
journal, October 2017

On the Local dark Matter Density
journal, August 2012

Vertical waves in the solar neighbourhood in Gaia DR2
journal, October 2018

Local kinematics and the local standard of rest
journal, April 2010

Substructure in bulk Velocities of Milky way disk Stars
journal, October 2013

The local dark matter density
journal, May 2014

Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main-Sequence Stars
journal, September 2013

A non-parametric method for measuring the local dark matter density
journal, April 2016

Weak convergence and optimal scaling of random walk Metropolis algorithms
journal, February 1997

Local dark matter from a carefully selected sample
journal, April 1992

Kinematical constraints on the dynamically determined local mass density of the Galaxy
conference, January 1992

Self-interacting dark matter constraints in a thick dark disk scenario
journal, May 2018

Gaia Data Release 2 : Photometric content and validation
journal, August 2018

Gaia Data Release 2: Processing of the photometric data
journal, August 2018

Gaia Data Release 2: Processing the spectroscopic data
journal, August 2018

Collapsed Dark Matter Structures
journal, February 2018

Galactoseismology: Discovery of Vertical Waves in the Galactic disk
journal, April 2012

Gaia Data Release 2: Properties and validation of the radial velocities
journal, February 2019

Astropy: A community Python package for astronomy
journal, September 2013

Self-consistent determinations of the total amount of matter near the sun
journal, January 1984

Stars, gas, and dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood
journal, November 2015

Dissipative dark matter and the Andromeda plane of satellites
journal, September 2015

Limits on the local dark matter density: Limits on the local dark matter density
journal, July 2011

The distribution of stars perpendicular to galactic disk
journal, January 1984

The Spatial Structure of Mono-Abundance Sub-Populations of the Milky way disk
journal, June 2012

Double-Disk Dark Matter
journal, September 2013

The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)
journal, February 2006

Vertical density waves in the Milky Way disc induced by the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy
journal, November 2012

Interstellar gas and a dark disk
journal, September 2016

Galactic rotation in Gaia DR1
journal, February 2017

The Gaia mission
journal, November 2016

The dark matter density at the Sun’s location
journal, November 2010

Massive black holes from dissipative dark matter
journal, September 2017

Cosmology of atomic dark matter
journal, May 2013

Dark Matter as a Trigger for Periodic Comet Impacts
journal, April 2014

Exothermic double-disk dark matter
journal, October 2013

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - I. A technique to determine the integral surface mass density of the disc near the Sun
journal, July 1989

Bending and breathing modes of the Galactic disc
journal, April 2014

Accretion of dissipative dark matter onto active galactic nuclei
journal, November 2018

Density of matter in the Galactic disc
journal, October 1994

IPython: A System for Interactive Scientific Computing
journal, January 2007

Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment
journal, January 2007

Constraining the Galactic potential via action-based distribution functions for mono-abundance stellar populations
journal, July 2013

The Sausage Globular Clusters
journal, August 2018

The mass distribution in the galactic disc - II. Determination of the surface mass density of the galactic disc near the Sun
journal, July 1989

The NumPy Array: A Structure for Efficient Numerical Computation
journal, March 2011

A new determination of the local dark matter density from the kinematics of K dwarfs: The local dark matter density from K dwarfs
journal, August 2012

The local density of matter mapped by Hipparcos
journal, April 2000

Point sources from dissipative dark matter
journal, December 2017

On the mass-to-light ratio of the local Galactic disc and the optical luminosity of the Galaxy
journal, November 2006

Exploring the astrophysics of dark atoms
journal, June 2018

K giants and the total amount of matter near the sun
journal, December 1984