Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino

Gardner, Susan; Yan, Xinshuai

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.054

Title: Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino

Abstract

We employ the simplest possible models of scalar-fermion interactions that are consistent with the gauge symmetries of the Standard Model and permit no proton decay to analyze the connections possible among processes that break baryon number by two units. In this context we show how the observation of n- $\bar{n}$ oscillations and of a pattern of particular nucleon–antinucleon conversion processes — all accessible through e-d scattering — namely, selecting from $e^{-} p \to e^{+} \bar{p}$ , $e^{-} p \to \bar{n} \bar{ν}$ , $e^{-} n \to \bar{p} \bar{ν}$ , and $e^{-} n \to e^{-} \bar{n}$ would reveal that the decay $π^{-} π^{-} \to e^{-} e^{-}$ must occur also. This latter process is the leading contribution to neutrinoless double beta decay in nuclei mediated by new short-distance physics, in contrast to that mediated by light Majorana neutrino exchange. The inferred existence of $π^{-} π^{-} \to e^{-} e^{-}$ would also reveal the Majorana nature of the neutrino, though the absence of this inference would not preclude it.

Authors:

Gardner, Susan ^[1]; Yan, Xinshuai ^[1]

Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Jan 31 00:00:00 EST 2019

Research Org.:: Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1610316

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-96ER40989

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics Letters. B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 790; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0370-2693

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics; Baryon and lepton number violation; Majorana dynamics; Minimal extensions of the electroweak gauge sector; Photon and charged-lepton interactions with hadrons

Citation Formats


                    Gardner, Susan, and Yan, Xinshuai. Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.054.

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                    Gardner, Susan, & Yan, Xinshuai. Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.054

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                    Gardner, Susan, and Yan, Xinshuai. Thu .  
"Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.054.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1610316.

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@article{osti_1610316,

  title        = {Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino},

  author       = {Gardner, Susan and Yan, Xinshuai},

  abstractNote = {We employ the simplest possible models of scalar-fermion interactions that are consistent with the gauge symmetries of the Standard Model and permit no proton decay to analyze the connections possible among processes that break baryon number by two units. In this context we show how the observation of n-n¯ oscillations and of a pattern of particular nucleon–antinucleon conversion processes — all accessible through e-d scattering — namely, selecting from e-p→e+p¯, e-p→n¯ν¯, e-n→p¯ν¯, and e-n→e-n¯ would reveal that the decay π-π-→e-e- must occur also. This latter process is the leading contribution to neutrinoless double beta decay in nuclei mediated by new short-distance physics, in contrast to that mediated by light Majorana neutrino exchange. The inferred existence of π-π-→e-e- would also reveal the Majorana nature of the neutrino, though the absence of this inference would not preclude it.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.054},

  journal      = {Physics Letters. B},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 790,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Jan 31 00:00:00 EST 2019},

  month        = {Thu Jan 31 00:00:00 EST 2019}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Experimental Approach to Search for Free Neutron-Antineutron Oscillations Based on Coherent Neutron and Antineutron Mirror Reflection
journal, June 2019

Nesvizhevsky, V. V.; Gudkov, V.; Protasov, K. V.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 22
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Title: Processes that break baryon number by two units and the Majorana nature of the neutrino

Abstract

Citation Formats

Phenomenology of scalar leptoquarks journal, August 2013

Magnetic Fields in Interstellar Clouds from Zeeman Observations: Inference of Total Field Strengths by Bayesian Analysis journal, November 2010

Neutrinoless double- β decay in SU(2)×U(1) theories journal, June 1982

Double beta decay journal, January 1984

Baryon number, lepton number, and operator dimension in the Standard Model journal, July 2016

Search for dinucleon decay into pions at Super-Kamiokande journal, April 2015

Exploring portals to a hidden sector through fixed targets journal, November 2009

Phenomenology of neutron-antineutron conversion journal, March 2018

Lepton flavor and number conservation, and physics beyond the standard model journal, July 2013

Search for n − n ¯ oscillation in Super-Kamiokande journal, April 2015

New fixed-target experiments to search for dark gauge forces journal, October 2009

Neutrino mass hierarchy, neutron-antineutron oscillation from baryogenesis journal, January 2009

Revisiting the bounds on hydrogen-antihydrogen oscillations from diffuse γ -ray surveys journal, August 2018

Observable neutron–antineutron oscillations in seesaw models of neutrino mass journal, October 2001

Phenomenology of neutron oscillations journal, July 1980

Are there real goldstone bosons associated with broken lepton number? journal, January 1981

Lifetime limits on (B-L)-violating nucleon decay and di-nucleon decay modes from the Fréjus experiment journal, October 1991

Towards a superformula for neutrinoless double beta decay journal, May 1999

Unified TeV Scale Picture of Baryogenesis and Dark Matter journal, April 2007

Tree-level scalar-fermion interactions consistent with the symmetries of the standard model journal, January 1991

Postsphaleron Baryogenesis journal, September 2006

ΔB=2 transitions journal, August 1983

Search for the nucleon and di-nucleon decay into invisible channels journal, November 2000

Baryon structure in the bag theory journal, October 1974

Matter-antimatter transition operators: A manual for modeling journal, March 1983

Baryon- and Lepton-Nonconserving Processes journal, November 1979

TeV scale model for baryon and lepton number violation and resonant baryogenesis journal, July 2015

A new experimental limit on neutron-antineutron oscillations journal, September 1994

Neutrinoless double-beta decay and physics beyond the standard model journal, November 2012

Neutrinoless double β decay and effective field theory journal, August 2003

Search for Dinucleon Decay into Kaons in Super-Kamiokande journal, April 2014

Simplified models with baryon number violation but no proton decay journal, April 2013

Neutrino decay and spontaneous violation of lepton number journal, February 1982

Search for new physics in same-sign dilepton events in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {TeV} $$ s = 13 TeV journal, August 2016

Neutrinoless double beta decay and chiral SU (3) journal, June 2017

New extended model of hadrons journal, June 1974

A superformula for neutrinoless double beta decay II: the short range part journal, January 2001

Survey of lepton number violation via effective operators journal, January 2008

Limits on n − n ¯ Oscillations journal, July 1983

Two-component spinor techniques and Feynman rules for quantum field theory and supersymmetry journal, September 2010

Diquark Higgs bosons at the CERN LHC journal, January 2008

Post-sphaleron baryogenesis and an upper limit on the neutron-antineutron oscillation time journal, June 2013

Pion-double-charge-exchange contribution to neutrinoless double- β decay journal, February 1982

C P T , C P , and C transformations of fermions, and their consequences, in theories with B − L violation journal, May 2016

n ↔ transition operators and their matrix elements in the MIT bag model journal, October 1982

Classification of effective neutrino mass operators journal, December 2001

Local B − L Symmetry of Electroweak Interactions, Majorana Neutrinos, and Neutron Oscillations journal, May 1980

Determining Majorana nature of neutrino from nucleon decays and n − n ¯ oscillations journal, January 2015

Observable proton decay from Planck scale physics journal, December 2012

Theory of neutrinoless double-beta decay journal, September 2012

The interpretation of the new particles as displaced charge multiplets journal, April 1956

Are there real goldstone bosons associated with broken lepton number? journal, January 1981

n ↔ transition operators and their matrix elements in the MIT bag model journal, October 1982

Theory of neutrinoless double-beta decay journal, September 2012

Electric charge quantization from gauge invariance of a Lagrangian: A catalogue of baryon-number-violating scalar interactions journal, December 1996

Proton annihilation at hadron colliders and Kamioka: High energy versus high luminosity journal, February 2015

Simplified models with baryon number violation but no proton decay text, January 2012

A new high sensitivity search for neutron-antineutron oscillations at the ESS preprint, January 2015

Neutrinoless double beta decay and chiral $SU(3)$ text, January 2017

Neutrinoless double-beta decay and effective field theory text, January 2003

Experimental Approach to Search for Free Neutron-Antineutron Oscillations Based on Coherent Neutron and Antineutron Mirror Reflection journal, June 2019

Phenomenology of scalar leptoquarks
journal, August 2013

Magnetic Fields in Interstellar Clouds from Zeeman Observations: Inference of Total Field Strengths by Bayesian Analysis
journal, November 2010

Neutrinoless double- $β$ decay in SU(2)×U(1) theories
journal, June 1982

Double beta decay
journal, January 1984

Baryon number, lepton number, and operator dimension in the Standard Model
journal, July 2016

Search for dinucleon decay into pions at Super-Kamiokande
journal, April 2015

Exploring portals to a hidden sector through fixed targets
journal, November 2009

Phenomenology of neutron-antineutron conversion
journal, March 2018

Lepton flavor and number conservation, and physics beyond the standard model
journal, July 2013

Search for $n - \bar{n}$ oscillation in Super-Kamiokande
journal, April 2015

New fixed-target experiments to search for dark gauge forces
journal, October 2009

Neutrino mass hierarchy, neutron-antineutron oscillation from baryogenesis
journal, January 2009

Revisiting the bounds on hydrogen-antihydrogen oscillations from diffuse $γ$ -ray surveys
journal, August 2018

Observable neutron–antineutron oscillations in seesaw models of neutrino mass
journal, October 2001

Phenomenology of neutron oscillations
journal, July 1980

Are there real goldstone bosons associated with broken lepton number?
journal, January 1981

Lifetime limits on (B-L)-violating nucleon decay and di-nucleon decay modes from the Fréjus experiment
journal, October 1991

Towards a superformula for neutrinoless double beta decay
journal, May 1999

Unified TeV Scale Picture of Baryogenesis and Dark Matter
journal, April 2007

Tree-level scalar-fermion interactions consistent with the symmetries of the standard model
journal, January 1991

Postsphaleron Baryogenesis
journal, September 2006

ΔB=2 transitions
journal, August 1983

Search for the nucleon and di-nucleon decay into invisible channels
journal, November 2000

Baryon structure in the bag theory
journal, October 1974

Matter-antimatter transition operators: A manual for modeling
journal, March 1983

Baryon- and Lepton-Nonconserving Processes
journal, November 1979

TeV scale model for baryon and lepton number violation and resonant baryogenesis
journal, July 2015

A new experimental limit on neutron-antineutron oscillations
journal, September 1994

Neutrinoless double-beta decay and physics beyond the standard model
journal, November 2012

Neutrinoless double $β$ decay and effective field theory
journal, August 2003

Search for Dinucleon Decay into Kaons in Super-Kamiokande
journal, April 2014

Simplified models with baryon number violation but no proton decay
journal, April 2013

Neutrino decay and spontaneous violation of lepton number
journal, February 1982

Search for new physics in same-sign dilepton events in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {TeV} $$ s = 13 TeV
journal, August 2016

Neutrinoless double beta decay and chiral SU (3)
journal, June 2017

New extended model of hadrons
journal, June 1974

A superformula for neutrinoless double beta decay II: the short range part
journal, January 2001

Survey of lepton number violation via effective operators
journal, January 2008

Limits on $n - \bar{n}$ Oscillations
journal, July 1983

Two-component spinor techniques and Feynman rules for quantum field theory and supersymmetry
journal, September 2010

Diquark Higgs bosons at the CERN LHC
journal, January 2008

Post-sphaleron baryogenesis and an upper limit on the neutron-antineutron oscillation time
journal, June 2013

Pion-double-charge-exchange contribution to neutrinoless double- $β$ decay
journal, February 1982

$C P T$ , $C P$ , and $C$ transformations of fermions, and their consequences, in theories with $B - L$ violation
journal, May 2016

n ↔ transition operators and their matrix elements in the MIT bag model
journal, October 1982

Classification of effective neutrino mass operators
journal, December 2001

Local $B - L$ Symmetry of Electroweak Interactions, Majorana Neutrinos, and Neutron Oscillations
journal, May 1980

Determining Majorana nature of neutrino from nucleon decays and $n - \bar{n}$ oscillations
journal, January 2015

Observable proton decay from Planck scale physics
journal, December 2012

Theory of neutrinoless double-beta decay
journal, September 2012

The interpretation of the new particles as displaced charge multiplets
journal, April 1956

Are there real goldstone bosons associated with broken lepton number?
journal, January 1981

n ↔ transition operators and their matrix elements in the MIT bag model
journal, October 1982

Theory of neutrinoless double-beta decay
journal, September 2012

Electric charge quantization from gauge invariance of a Lagrangian: A catalogue of baryon-number-violating scalar interactions
journal, December 1996

Proton annihilation at hadron colliders and Kamioka: High energy versus high luminosity
journal, February 2015

Simplified models with baryon number violation but no proton decay
text, January 2012

A new high sensitivity search for neutron-antineutron oscillations at the ESS
preprint, January 2015

Neutrinoless double beta decay and chiral $SU(3)$
text, January 2017

Neutrinoless double-beta decay and effective field theory
text, January 2003

Experimental Approach to Search for Free Neutron-Antineutron Oscillations Based on Coherent Neutron and Antineutron Mirror Reflection
journal, June 2019