On the potential mechanisms of β to α' + β decomposition in two phase titanium alloys during additive manufacturing: a combined transmission Kikuchi diffraction and 3D atom probe study
Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the mechanisms of phase transformations in additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V during cooling. In particular, the goal is to understand if the imposed thermal cycles during fabrication results in the complete transformation of the α' to the β phase or the sub-transus decomposition of α' (martensite) to α + β. To this effect, samples fabricated using electron beam melting and laser-directed energy deposition techniques were analyzed using atom probe tomography (APT) in conjunction with correlative transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD). While the composition measurement using APT shows partitioning of vanadium into the β phase, the crystallographic analysis suggests evidence of a shear-induced transformation. Despite the pronounced differences in the processing conditions, both of the additive manufacturing techniques lead to similar partitioning of vanadium to the β phase. Finally, calculations using THERMOCALC and DICTRA show that under the time and temperature regimes of additive manufacturing the microstructure could develop by the decomposition reaction of α' → α+β.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[2];
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
- CAMECA Instrument, Inc., Madison, WI (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Manufacturing Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1607175
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Materials Science
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 55; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-2461
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Sridharan, Niyanth, Chen, Yimeng, Nandwana, Peeyush, Ulfig, Robert M., Larson, David J., and Babu, Sudarsanam. On the potential mechanisms of β to α' + β decomposition in two phase titanium alloys during additive manufacturing: a combined transmission Kikuchi diffraction and 3D atom probe study. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1007/s10853-019-03984-w.
Sridharan, Niyanth, Chen, Yimeng, Nandwana, Peeyush, Ulfig, Robert M., Larson, David J., & Babu, Sudarsanam. On the potential mechanisms of β to α' + β decomposition in two phase titanium alloys during additive manufacturing: a combined transmission Kikuchi diffraction and 3D atom probe study. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03984-w
Sridharan, Niyanth, Chen, Yimeng, Nandwana, Peeyush, Ulfig, Robert M., Larson, David J., and Babu, Sudarsanam. Fri .
"On the potential mechanisms of β to α' + β decomposition in two phase titanium alloys during additive manufacturing: a combined transmission Kikuchi diffraction and 3D atom probe study". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03984-w. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1607175.
@article{osti_1607175,
title = {On the potential mechanisms of β to α' + β decomposition in two phase titanium alloys during additive manufacturing: a combined transmission Kikuchi diffraction and 3D atom probe study},
author = {Sridharan, Niyanth and Chen, Yimeng and Nandwana, Peeyush and Ulfig, Robert M. and Larson, David J. and Babu, Sudarsanam},
abstractNote = {In this paper, we focus on the mechanisms of phase transformations in additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V during cooling. In particular, the goal is to understand if the imposed thermal cycles during fabrication results in the complete transformation of the α' to the β phase or the sub-transus decomposition of α' (martensite) to α + β. To this effect, samples fabricated using electron beam melting and laser-directed energy deposition techniques were analyzed using atom probe tomography (APT) in conjunction with correlative transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD). While the composition measurement using APT shows partitioning of vanadium into the β phase, the crystallographic analysis suggests evidence of a shear-induced transformation. Despite the pronounced differences in the processing conditions, both of the additive manufacturing techniques lead to similar partitioning of vanadium to the β phase. Finally, calculations using THERMOCALC and DICTRA show that under the time and temperature regimes of additive manufacturing the microstructure could develop by the decomposition reaction of α' → α+β.},
doi = {10.1007/s10853-019-03984-w},
journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
number = 4,
volume = 55,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {9}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 1 work
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Effect of self-accommodation on α/α boundary populations in pure titanium
journal, May 2003
- Wang, S. C.; Aindow, M.; Starink, M. J.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 9
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
journal, September 2012
- Wang, Fude; Williams, Stewart; Colegrove, Paul
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 44, Issue 2
Additive manufacturing of strong and ductile Ti–6Al–4V by selective laser melting via in situ martensite decomposition
journal, February 2015
- Xu, W.; Brandt, M.; Sun, S.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 85
Model for solute redistribution during rapid solidification
journal, February 1982
- Aziz, M. J.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 53, Issue 2
Microstructure design and mechanical properties in a near-α Ti–4Mo alloy
journal, September 2015
- Tarzimoghadam, Z.; Sandlöbes, S.; Pradeep, K. G.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 97
Effect of build geometry on the β-grain structure and texture in additive manufacture of Ti6Al4V by selective electron beam melting
journal, October 2013
- Antonysamy, A. A.; Meyer, J.; Prangnell, P. B.
- Materials Characterization, Vol. 84
Solidification sequences in stainless steel dissimilar alloy welds
journal, January 1991
- Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.; David, S. A.; Vitek, J. M.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Microstructural evolution in laser deposited compositionally graded α/β titanium-vanadium alloys
journal, June 2003
- Banerjee, R.; Collins, P. C.; Bhattacharyya, D.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 11
Analysis of Three-dimensional Atom-probe Data by the Proximity Histogram
journal, September 2000
- Hellman, Olof C.; Vandenbroucke, Justin A.; Rüsing, Järg
- Microscopy and Microanalysis, Vol. 6, Issue 05
The role of crystallographic and geometrical relationships between α and β phases in an α/β titanium alloy
journal, September 2003
- Bhattacharyya, D.; Viswanathan, G. B.; Denkenberger, Robb
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 51, Issue 16
Phase transformation dynamics during welding of Ti–6Al–4V
journal, June 2004
- Elmer, J. W.; Palmer, T. A.; Babu, S. S.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 95, Issue 12
Rationalization of anisotropic mechanical properties of Al-6061 fabricated using ultrasonic additive manufacturing
journal, September 2016
- Sridharan, Niyanth; Gussev, Maxim; Seibert, Rachel
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 117
Selection of α variants during microstructural evolution in α/β titanium alloys
journal, August 2007
- Lee, E.; Banerjee, R.; Kar, S.
- Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 87, Issue 24
A transmission electron microscopy and three-dimensional atom probe study of the oxygen-induced fine microstructural features in as-sintered Ti–6Al–4V and their impacts on ductility
journal, April 2014
- Yan, M.; Dargusch, M. S.; Ebel, T.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 68
In situ observations of phase transitions in Ti–6Al–4V alloy welds using spatially resolved x-ray diffraction
journal, February 2003
- Elmer, J. W.; Palmer, T. A.; Wong, Joe
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 93, Issue 4
Precipitation of grain boundary α in a laser deposited compositionally graded Ti–8Al–xV alloy – an orientation microscopy study
journal, January 2004
- Banerjee, R.; Bhattacharyya, D.; Collins, P. C.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 52, Issue 2
In situ tailoring microstructure in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V for superior mechanical performance
journal, February 2017
- Xu, W.; Lui, E. W.; Pateras, A.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 125
The role of lattice defects, element partitioning and intrinsic heat effects on the microstructure in selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V
journal, April 2019
- Haubrich, Jan; Gussone, Joachim; Barriobero-Vila, Pere
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 167
A microstructure model for laser processing of Ti-6Al-4V
conference, January 2005
- Kelly, S. M.; Babu, S. S.; David, S. A.
- ICALEO® 2005: 24th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing and Laser Microfabrication, International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics
Laser additive manufacturing of metallic components: materials, processes and mechanisms
journal, May 2012
- Gu, D. D.; Meiners, W.; Wissenbach, K.
- International Materials Reviews, Vol. 57, Issue 3, p. 133-164
Revealing martensitic transformation and α/β interface evolution in electron beam melting three-dimensional-printed Ti-6Al-4V
journal, May 2016
- Tan, Xipeng; Kok, Yihong; Toh, Wei Quan
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Literature Survey on Diffusivities of Oxygen, Aluminum, and Vanadium in Alpha Titanium, Beta Titanium, and in Rutile
journal, April 1988
- Liu, Z.; Welsch, G.
- Metallurgical Transactions A, Vol. 19, Issue 4
The Origin of Microstructural Diversity, Texture, and Mechanical Properties in Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V
journal, August 2010
- Al-Bermani, S. S.; Blackmore, M. L.; Zhang, W.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 41, Issue 13
Review of effect of oxygen on room temperature ductility of titanium and titanium alloys
journal, August 2014
- Yan, M.; Xu, W.; Dargusch, M. S.
- Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 57, Issue 4
Microstructural evolution in laser-deposited multilayer Ti-6Al-4V builds: Part II. Thermal modeling
journal, June 2004
- Kelly, S. M.; Kampe, S. L.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 35, Issue 6
Microstructural evolution in laser-deposited multilayer Ti-6Al-4V builds: Part I. Microstructural characterization
journal, June 2004
- Kelly, S. M.; Kampe, S. L.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 35, Issue 6
Experimental assessment of variant selection rules for grain boundary in titanium alloys
journal, January 2016
- Shi, R.; Dixit, V.; Viswanathan, G. B.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 102
In situ site-specific specimen preparation for atom probe tomography
journal, February 2007
- Thompson, K.; Lawrence, D.; Larson, D. J.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 107, Issue 2-3
Microstructural Investigations in Metals Using Atom Probe Tomography with a Novel Specimen-Electrode Geometry
journal, July 2018
- Larson, David J.; Ulfig, Robert M.; Lenz, Dan R.
- JOM, Vol. 70, Issue 9
Graded microstructure and mechanical properties of additive manufactured Ti–6Al–4V via electron beam melting
journal, September 2015
- Tan, Xipeng; Kok, Yihong; Tan, Yu Jun
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 97
Insights into microstructural interfaces in aerospace alloys characterised by atom probe tomography
journal, February 2016
- Martin, T. L.; Radecka, A.; Sun, L.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 3
The metallurgy and processing science of metal additive manufacturing
journal, March 2016
- Sames, W. J.; List, F. A.; Pannala, S.
- International Materials Reviews, Vol. 61, Issue 5
Atom-by-atom chemistry of internal interfaces: simulations and experiments
journal, August 2001
- Hellman, Olof C.; Rüsing, Jörg; Sebastian, Jason T.
- Materials Science and Engineering: C, Vol. 15, Issue 1-2
Variant selection of grain boundary α by special prior β grain boundaries in titanium alloys
journal, August 2014
- Shi, R.; Dixit, V.; Fraser, H. L.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 75
Texture Evolution During Laser Direct Metal Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V
journal, January 2016
- Sridharan, Niyanth; Chaudhary, Anil; Nandwana, Peeyush
- JOM, Vol. 68, Issue 3
Focused ion-beam specimen preparation for atom probe field-ion microscopy characterization of multilayer film structures
journal, January 1999
- Larson, D. J.; Foord, D. T.; Petford-Long, A. K.
- Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Solidification sequences in stainless steel dissimilar alloy welds
journal, January 1991
- Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.; David, S. A.; Vitek, J. M.
- Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 1