Injection of multiple shattered pellets for disruption mitigation in DIII-D
[1];
[3];
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); General Atomics, Energy & Advanced Concepts, DIII-D
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Plasma shutdown experiments in DIII-D have injected multiple shattered pellets at different toroidal locations for the first time, as is planned for the ITER disruption mitigation system. Systematically varying the relative timing of the two pellets suggests that simultaneously injected pellets may influence the assimilation of each other, altering the resulting disruption characteristics compared to a single pellet injecting similar neon quantities. Thermal quench (TQ) radiation measured near the injection location is reduced with the dual pellets, contrary to TQ radiation measured away from the injection ports, which does not show a clear difference between single or dual pellet injections. The mitigation of other disruption loads, such as the current quench (CQ) duration and divertor heat loads, decrease when the pellets enter the plasma simultaneously compared to single shattered pellet injections with similar neon quantities. This similar reduction in mitigation of CQ and conductive loads is consistent with the observed reduction in total TQ radiation. The time between initial pellet injection and the end of the TQ is shorter when both pellets are injected simultaneously compared to a single pellet. This lower cooling duration may limit the amount of the neon assimilated by the plasma prior to the end of the TQ, consistent with the observed reduction in radiation. The injected impurities spread primarily in the parallel direction, away from the source at the injection location. The addition of two shattered pellet injectors shows that the initial poloidal radiation is spread out into two distinct regions, cooling multiple flux tubes simultaneously, which may induce global MHD instabilities more rapidly than a single flux tube of impurities leading to a shorter cooling duration. The electron density increased by approximately a factor of two with the addition of multiple pellets, but is highly sensitive to the time between injections. Here, a maximum density increase is found when both pellets arrive at the plasma prior to the start of the TQ.
- Research Organization:
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) (SC-24)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; AC52-07NA27344; FC02-04ER54698; FG02-07ER54917
- OSTI ID:
- 1593101
- Report Number(s):
- DOE-GA--54698; LLNL-JRNL--806822
- Journal Information:
- Nuclear Fusion, Journal Name: Nuclear Fusion Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 59; ISSN 0029-5515
- Publisher:
- IOP ScienceCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
27th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference: summary of sessions EX/C, EX/S and PPC
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journal | January 2020 |
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