Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors

Zhu, Wei; Yu, Kin Man; Walukiewicz, W.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2015.11.052

Title: Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors

Abstract

We have synthesized Indium doped Cd_1-xZn_xO alloys across the full composition range using magnetron sputtering method. The crystallographic structure of these alloys changes from rocksalt (RS) to wurtzite (WZ) when the Zn content is higher than 30%. The rocksalt phase alloys in the composition range 0 < x < 0.3 can be efficiently n-type doped, shifting the absorption edge to 3.25 eV and reducing resistivity to about 2.0 × 10^-4 Ω-cm. Here, we found that In doped CdO (ICO) transmits more solar photons than commercial fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) with comparable sheet conductivity. The infrared transmittance is further extended to longer than 1500 nm wavelengths by depositing the In doped Cd_1-xZn_xO in ~ 1% of O₂. This material has a potential for applications as a transparent conductor for silicon and multi-junction solar cells.

Authors:

Zhu, Wei ^[1]; Yu, Kin Man ^[2]; Walukiewicz, W. ^[3]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division; Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui (China)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division; City Univ. of Hong Kong, Kowloon (Hong Kong)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division

Publication Date:: Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

OSTI Identifier:: 1579813

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1359946

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0004946

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Thin Solid Films

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 597; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0040-6090

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Transparent conducting oxides; Cadmium oxide; Zinc oxides; Full spectrum photovoltaics

Citation Formats


                    Zhu, Wei, Yu, Kin Man, and Walukiewicz, W. Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2015.11.052.

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                    Zhu, Wei, Yu, Kin Man, & Walukiewicz, W. Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.11.052

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                    Zhu, Wei, Yu, Kin Man, and Walukiewicz, W. Tue .  
"Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.11.052.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1579813.

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@article{osti_1579813,

  title        = {Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors},

  author       = {Zhu, Wei and Yu, Kin Man and Walukiewicz, W.},

  abstractNote = {We have synthesized Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys across the full composition range using magnetron sputtering method. The crystallographic structure of these alloys changes from rocksalt (RS) to wurtzite (WZ) when the Zn content is higher than 30%. The rocksalt phase alloys in the composition range 0 < x < 0.3 can be efficiently n-type doped, shifting the absorption edge to 3.25 eV and reducing resistivity to about 2.0 × 10-4 Ω-cm. Here, we found that In doped CdO (ICO) transmits more solar photons than commercial fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) with comparable sheet conductivity. The infrared transmittance is further extended to longer than 1500 nm wavelengths by depositing the In doped Cd1-xZnxO in ~ 1% of O2. This material has a potential for applications as a transparent conductor for silicon and multi-junction solar cells.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.tsf.2015.11.052},

  journal      = {Thin Solid Films},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 597,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Effects of oxygen stoichiometry on the phase stability of sputter-deposited $C d_{x} Z n_{1 - x} O$ alloys
journal, July 2019

Ho, Chun Yuen; Liu, Chao Ping; Chen, Yi-Chun
Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.074605

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Title: Indium doped Cd1-xZnxO alloys as wide window transparent conductors

Abstract

Citation Formats

Past achievements and future challenges in the development of optically transparent electrodes journal, November 2012

Conductivity in transparent oxide semiconductors journal, August 2011

Transparent electrode requirements for thin film solar cell modules journal, January 2011

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Optical and electrical properties of In-doped CdO thin films fabricated by pulse laser deposition journal, February 2010

CdO as the Archetypical Transparent Conducting Oxide. Systematics of Dopant Ionic Radius and Electronic Structure Effects on Charge Transport and Band Structure journal, June 2005

Ideal transparent conductors for full spectrum photovoltaics journal, June 2012

Crystal structure and properties of Cd x Zn 1−x O alloys across the full composition range journal, June 2013

Fermi level stabilization and band edge energies in Cd x Zn 1−x O alloys journal, June 2014

Material properties of Cd 1− x Mg x O alloys synthesized by radio frequency sputtering journal, July 2013

Electronic structure and phase stability of MgO, ZnO, CdO, and related ternary alloys journal, June 2008

Anomalous Optical Absorption Limit in InSb journal, February 1954

High-efficiency GaInP∕GaAs∕InGaAs triple-junction solar cells grown inverted with a metamorphic bottom junction journal, July 2007

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Past achievements and future challenges in the development of optically transparent electrodes
journal, November 2012

Conductivity in transparent oxide semiconductors
journal, August 2011

Transparent electrode requirements for thin film solar cell modules
journal, January 2011

Transparent conductors as solar energy materials: A panoramic review
journal, October 2007

Highly conductive epitaxial CdO thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition
journal, April 2001

Indium-cadmium-oxide films having exceptional electrical conductivity and optical transparency: Clues for optimizing transparent conductors
journal, June 2001

Optical and electrical properties of In-doped CdO thin films fabricated by pulse laser deposition
journal, February 2010

CdO as the Archetypical Transparent Conducting Oxide. Systematics of Dopant Ionic Radius and Electronic Structure Effects on Charge Transport and Band Structure
journal, June 2005

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Crystal structure and properties of Cd _x Zn _1−x O alloys across the full composition range
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Fermi level stabilization and band edge energies in Cd _x Zn _1−x O alloys
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journal, July 2013

Electronic structure and phase stability of MgO, ZnO, CdO, and related ternary alloys
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journal, February 1954

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