A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams

Janney, Dawn E.; Hayes, Steven L.; Adkins, Cynthia A.

doi:10.1080/00295450.2019.1578573

Title: A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams

Abstract

Each U-Pu-Zr metallic fuel pin contains multiple phases, whose properties and distributions evolve due to factors such as fission, nuclear transmutation, and elemental redistribution under the influence of chemical and thermal gradients. An understanding of experimental data about phases, phase relationships, and phase properties in the U-Pu-Zr system is needed to enable mechanistic modeling of these phenomena and guide future research. Although U-Pu-Zr alloys have been investigated for more than 60 years, relatively little reliable experimental information is available. Information about the technologically important alloy U-20Pu-10Zr (where numbers indicate weight percentages of Pu and Zr and the remainder is U) is even more limited. Many of the experimental results are available only in obscure reports published in the 1950s and 1960s. The quality of the results and experimental documentation varies widely. U-Pu-Zr alloys are difficult materials to study experimentally, and it is therefore useful for researchers to know what results have already been obtained, how reliable they are, and where they were reported. This paper provides a thorough compilation and critical assessment of the available experimental data involving properties of individual phases, phase transitions, and phase diagrams, with particular attention to measurements from alloys with compositions close to U-20Pu-10Zr (wt%).more »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]

Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1578273

Report Number(s):: INL/JOU-18-51622-Rev001
Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5450; TRN: US2102185

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nuclear Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 205; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5450

Publisher:: Taylor & Francis - formerly American Nuclear Society (ANS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS; nuclear fuels; metallic fuels; uranium-plutonium-zirconium alloys; phase diagrams

Citation Formats


                    Janney, Dawn E., Hayes, Steven L., and Adkins, Cynthia A. A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1080/00295450.2019.1578573.

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                    Janney, Dawn E., Hayes, Steven L., & Adkins, Cynthia A. A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2019.1578573

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                    Janney, Dawn E., Hayes, Steven L., and Adkins, Cynthia A. Mon .  
"A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2019.1578573.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1578273.

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@article{osti_1578273,

  title        = {A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams},

  author       = {Janney, Dawn E. and Hayes, Steven L. and Adkins, Cynthia A.},

  abstractNote = {Each U-Pu-Zr metallic fuel pin contains multiple phases, whose properties and distributions evolve due to factors such as fission, nuclear transmutation, and elemental redistribution under the influence of chemical and thermal gradients. An understanding of experimental data about phases, phase relationships, and phase properties in the U-Pu-Zr system is needed to enable mechanistic modeling of these phenomena and guide future research. Although U-Pu-Zr alloys have been investigated for more than 60 years, relatively little reliable experimental information is available. Information about the technologically important alloy U-20Pu-10Zr (where numbers indicate weight percentages of Pu and Zr and the remainder is U) is even more limited. Many of the experimental results are available only in obscure reports published in the 1950s and 1960s. The quality of the results and experimental documentation varies widely. U-Pu-Zr alloys are difficult materials to study experimentally, and it is therefore useful for researchers to know what results have already been obtained, how reliable they are, and where they were reported. This paper provides a thorough compilation and critical assessment of the available experimental data involving properties of individual phases, phase transitions, and phase diagrams, with particular attention to measurements from alloys with compositions close to U-20Pu-10Zr (wt%). A following paper will review experimental measurements of other properties such as heat capacity, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties.},

  doi          = {10.1080/00295450.2019.1578573},

  journal      = {Nuclear Technology},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 205,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon May 06 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Similar Records

Title: A Critical Review of the Experimentally Known Properties of U-Pu-Zr Alloys. Part 1: Phases and Phase Diagrams

Abstract

Citation Formats

Metallic fuels for advanced reactors journal, July 2009

Thermodynamic assessment of the Am–Pu system with input from ab initio journal, November 2011

Fuels for sodium-cooled fast reactors: US perspective journal, September 2007

Minor actinide transmutation in fast reactor metal fuels irradiated for 120 and 360 equivalent full-power days journal, October 2015

Characterization of metallic fuel for minor actinides transmutation in fast reactor journal, January 2017

An evaluation of the properties of As-cast U-rich U–Zr alloys journal, July 2009

Analysis of constituent redistribution in the γ (bcc) U–Pu–Zr alloys under gradients of temperature and concentrations journal, June 2000

Phase Characteristics of a U-22Pu-4Am-2Np-40Zr Metallic Alloy Containing Rare Earths journal, June 2009

The Thermodynamic Properties of the f-Elements and Their Compounds. I. The Lanthanide and Actinide Metals journal, December 2010

Modeling of constituent redistribution in U–Pu–Zr metallic fuel journal, December 2006

Experimentally Known Properties of U-10Zr Alloys: A Critical Review journal, April 2018

The crystal structure of beta plutonium metal journal, May 1963

Plutonium and plutonium alloys as nuclear fuel materials journal, January 1971

Mass spectrometric studies on U-Pu-Zr alloy journal, August 2018

Microstructural investigation of as-cast uranium rich U–Zr alloys journal, April 2016

Irradiation of Minor Actinide–Bearing Uranium-Plutonium-Zirconium Alloys up to ˜2.5 at. %, ˜7 at. %, and ˜10 at. % Burnups journal, April 2015

Thermodynamic assessment of the Pu-U, Pu-Zr, and Pu-U-Zr systems journal, September 1999

The lattice parameters of some δ- and ϵ-plutonium alloys journal, June 1964

Solidus and liquidus temperatures in the uranium-plutonium-zirconium system journal, June 1988

Measurement of the solidus and liquidus in the U-Zr system by the spot-technique journal, December 2016

Investigation of the PuU phase diagram journal, October 1994

Isothermal diffusion in uranium-plutonium-zirconium alloys journal, January 1997

The crystal structure of ζ-Pu–Zr, ideal formula Pu 28 Zr journal, January 1979

Electron probe microanalysis of a METAPHIX UPuZr metallic alloy fuel irradiated to 7.0 at.% burn-up journal, November 2016

The plutonium-zirconium phase diagram journal, October 1960

Contribution a l'etude du diagramme de phases plutonium-zirconium journal, September 1967

Microstructural evaluation of U-rich U–Zr alloys under near-equilibrium condition journal, September 2011

Full-length U–xPu–10Zr (x=0, 8, 19wt.%) fast reactor fuel test in FFTF journal, August 2012

The lattice stability and structure of delta -UZr 2 at elevated temperatures journal, October 1995

Phase transformations in U–2wt%Zr alloy journal, March 2009

Structure of ζ-phase plutonium–uranium journal, February 1996

Calorimetric Study of Phase Stability and Phase Transformation in U-xZr (x = 2, 5, 10 wt pct) Alloys journal, September 2015

Fuel constituent redistribution during the early stages of U-Pu-Zr irradiation journal, July 1990

Constituent Migration Model for U-Pu-Zr Metallic Fast Reactor Fuel journal, October 1993

Pu-Zr (plutonium-zirconium) journal, June 1995

The plutonium - uranium system journal, October 1959

Phase characteristics of a U–20Pu–3Am–2Np–15Zr metallic alloy containing rare earths journal, December 2009

Redistribution behavior of various constituents in U-Pu-Zr alloy and U-Pu-Zr alloy containing minor actinides and rare earths in a temperature gradient journal, January 1994

Development of Fast Reactor Metal Fuels Containing Minor Actinides journal, April 2011

The plutonium-zirconium equilibrium diagram from 0 to 10 at% Zr journal, April 1969

Structure of β-uranium journal, April 1988

Phase characteristics of a number of U–Pu–Am–Np–Zr metallic alloys for use as fast reactor fuels journal, January 2010

The heat content and specific heat of some metallic fast-reactor fuels containing plutonium journal, March 1968

The Pu-U (Plutonium-Uranium) system journal, April 1989

The U-Zr (Uranium-Zirconium) system journal, April 1989

Metallic Fuels Handbook, Part 1 and Part 2 report, August 2018

Microstructure changes caused by annealing of U-Pu-Zr alloys journal, April 2017

Performance of Metallic Fuels and Blankets in Liquid-Metal Fast Breeder Reactors journal, May 1984

The theta phase in the plutonium-zirconium system journal, January 1967

Irradiation Behavior and Thermodynamic Properties of Metallic Fuel journal, November 2002

The temperature dependence of the lattice parameters of pure BCC Zr and BCC Zr-2 at.%Co journal, January 1992

Phase diagram of the PuZr system in the Zr-rich region journal, April 1992

TEM identification of subsurface phases in ternary U–Pu–Zr fuel journal, May 2016

Mechanistic materials modeling for nuclear fuel performance journal, July 2017

Swelling behavior of U-Pu-Zr fuel journal, February 1990

Phase Analysis of Metallic Plutonium-Containing Fuel Alloys Using Neutron Diffraction journal, January 1990

Metallic fuels for advanced reactors
journal, July 2009

Thermodynamic assessment of the Am–Pu system with input from ab initio
journal, November 2011

Fuels for sodium-cooled fast reactors: US perspective
journal, September 2007

Minor actinide transmutation in fast reactor metal fuels irradiated for 120 and 360 equivalent full-power days
journal, October 2015

Characterization of metallic fuel for minor actinides transmutation in fast reactor
journal, January 2017

An evaluation of the properties of As-cast U-rich U–Zr alloys
journal, July 2009

Analysis of constituent redistribution in the γ (bcc) U–Pu–Zr alloys under gradients of temperature and concentrations
journal, June 2000

Phase Characteristics of a U-22Pu-4Am-2Np-40Zr Metallic Alloy Containing Rare Earths
journal, June 2009

The Thermodynamic Properties of the f-Elements and Their Compounds. I. The Lanthanide and Actinide Metals
journal, December 2010

Modeling of constituent redistribution in U–Pu–Zr metallic fuel
journal, December 2006

Experimentally Known Properties of U-10Zr Alloys: A Critical Review
journal, April 2018

The crystal structure of beta plutonium metal
journal, May 1963

Plutonium and plutonium alloys as nuclear fuel materials
journal, January 1971

Mass spectrometric studies on U-Pu-Zr alloy
journal, August 2018

Microstructural investigation of as-cast uranium rich U–Zr alloys
journal, April 2016

Irradiation of Minor Actinide–Bearing Uranium-Plutonium-Zirconium Alloys up to ˜2.5 at. %, ˜7 at. %, and ˜10 at. % Burnups
journal, April 2015

Thermodynamic assessment of the Pu-U, Pu-Zr, and Pu-U-Zr systems
journal, September 1999

The lattice parameters of some δ- and ϵ-plutonium alloys
journal, June 1964

Solidus and liquidus temperatures in the uranium-plutonium-zirconium system
journal, June 1988

Measurement of the solidus and liquidus in the U-Zr system by the spot-technique
journal, December 2016

Investigation of the PuU phase diagram
journal, October 1994

Isothermal diffusion in uranium-plutonium-zirconium alloys
journal, January 1997

The crystal structure of ζ-Pu–Zr, ideal formula Pu ₂₈ Zr
journal, January 1979

Electron probe microanalysis of a METAPHIX UPuZr metallic alloy fuel irradiated to 7.0 at.% burn-up
journal, November 2016

The plutonium-zirconium phase diagram
journal, October 1960

Contribution a l'etude du diagramme de phases plutonium-zirconium
journal, September 1967

Microstructural evaluation of U-rich U–Zr alloys under near-equilibrium condition
journal, September 2011

Full-length U–xPu–10Zr (x=0, 8, 19wt.%) fast reactor fuel test in FFTF
journal, August 2012

The lattice stability and structure of delta -UZr ₂ at elevated temperatures
journal, October 1995

Phase transformations in U–2wt%Zr alloy
journal, March 2009

Structure of ζ-phase plutonium–uranium
journal, February 1996

Calorimetric Study of Phase Stability and Phase Transformation in U-xZr (x = 2, 5, 10 wt pct) Alloys
journal, September 2015

Fuel constituent redistribution during the early stages of U-Pu-Zr irradiation
journal, July 1990

Constituent Migration Model for U-Pu-Zr Metallic Fast Reactor Fuel
journal, October 1993

Pu-Zr (plutonium-zirconium)
journal, June 1995

The plutonium - uranium system
journal, October 1959

Phase characteristics of a U–20Pu–3Am–2Np–15Zr metallic alloy containing rare earths
journal, December 2009

Redistribution behavior of various constituents in U-Pu-Zr alloy and U-Pu-Zr alloy containing minor actinides and rare earths in a temperature gradient
journal, January 1994

Development of Fast Reactor Metal Fuels Containing Minor Actinides
journal, April 2011

The plutonium-zirconium equilibrium diagram from 0 to 10 at% Zr
journal, April 1969

Structure of β-uranium
journal, April 1988

Phase characteristics of a number of U–Pu–Am–Np–Zr metallic alloys for use as fast reactor fuels
journal, January 2010

The heat content and specific heat of some metallic fast-reactor fuels containing plutonium
journal, March 1968

The Pu-U (Plutonium-Uranium) system
journal, April 1989

The U-Zr (Uranium-Zirconium) system
journal, April 1989

Metallic Fuels Handbook, Part 1 and Part 2
report, August 2018

Microstructure changes caused by annealing of U-Pu-Zr alloys
journal, April 2017

Performance of Metallic Fuels and Blankets in Liquid-Metal Fast Breeder Reactors
journal, May 1984

The theta phase in the plutonium-zirconium system
journal, January 1967

Irradiation Behavior and Thermodynamic Properties of Metallic Fuel
journal, November 2002

The temperature dependence of the lattice parameters of pure BCC Zr and BCC Zr-2 at.%Co
journal, January 1992

Phase diagram of the PuZr system in the Zr-rich region
journal, April 1992

TEM identification of subsurface phases in ternary U–Pu–Zr fuel
journal, May 2016

Mechanistic materials modeling for nuclear fuel performance
journal, July 2017

Swelling behavior of U-Pu-Zr fuel
journal, February 1990

Phase Analysis of Metallic Plutonium-Containing Fuel Alloys Using Neutron Diffraction
journal, January 1990