From NaZn4Sb3 to HT-Na1–xZn4–ySb3 : Panoramic Hydride Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Thermoelectric Properties
Abstract
Two new sodium zinc antimonides NaZn4Sb3 and $HT$-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 were synthesized by using reactive sodium hydride, NaH, as a precursor. The hydride route provides uniform mixing and comprehensive control over the composition, facilitating fast reactions and high-purity samples, whereas traditional synthesis using sodium metal results in inhomogeneous samples with a significant fraction of the more stable NaZnSb compound. NaZn4Sb3 crystalizes in the hexagonal $$P$$63/$mmc$ space group (No. 194, Z=2, a=4.43579(4) Å, c = 23.41553(9) Å), and is stable upon heating in vacuum up to 736 K. The layered crystal structure of NaZn4Sb3 is related to the structure of the well-studied thermoelectric antimonides AeZn2Sb2 (Ae = Ca, Sr, Eu). Upon heating in vacuum NaZn4Sb3 transforms to $HT$-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 (x = 0.047(3), $$y$$ = 0.135(1)) due to partial Na/Zn evaporation/elimination, as was determined from high-temperature in-situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. $HT$-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 has a complex monoclinic structure with considerable degrees of structural disorder ($$P2_1/c$$ (No. 14, $$Z$$=32), a=19.5366(7) Å, b=14.7410(5) Å, c = 20.7808(7) Å, $$β$$ = 90.317(2)°) and is stable exclusively in a narrow temperature range of 736-885 K. Further heating of HT-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 leads to a reversible transformation to NaZnSb above 883 K. Both compounds exhibit similarly low thermal conductivity at room temperature (0.9 W∙m-1 K-1) and positive Seebeck coefficients (38–52 $$μ$$V/K) indicative of holes as the main charge carriers. However, resistivities of the two phases differ by two orders of magnitude.
- Authors:
-
[2];
[3];
[4];
[1]
- Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
- Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States); Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States). Dept of Physics & Astronomy,
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1572381
- Report Number(s):
- IS-J 10066
Journal ID: ISSN 0897-4756; TRN: US2001128
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11358
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Chemistry of Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 31; Journal Issue: 21; Journal ID: ISSN 0897-4756
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Citation Formats
Gvozdetskyi, Volodymyr, Owens-Baird, Bryan, Hong, Sangki, Cox, Tori, Bhaskar, Gourab, Harmer, Colin, Sun, Yang, Zhang, Feng, Wang, Cai-Zhuang, Ho, Kai-Ming, and Zaikina, Julia V. From NaZn4Sb3 to HT-Na1–xZn4–ySb3 : Panoramic Hydride Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Thermoelectric Properties. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b02239.
Gvozdetskyi, Volodymyr, Owens-Baird, Bryan, Hong, Sangki, Cox, Tori, Bhaskar, Gourab, Harmer, Colin, Sun, Yang, Zhang, Feng, Wang, Cai-Zhuang, Ho, Kai-Ming, & Zaikina, Julia V. From NaZn4Sb3 to HT-Na1–xZn4–ySb3 : Panoramic Hydride Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Thermoelectric Properties. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b02239
Gvozdetskyi, Volodymyr, Owens-Baird, Bryan, Hong, Sangki, Cox, Tori, Bhaskar, Gourab, Harmer, Colin, Sun, Yang, Zhang, Feng, Wang, Cai-Zhuang, Ho, Kai-Ming, and Zaikina, Julia V. Thu .
"From NaZn4Sb3 to HT-Na1–xZn4–ySb3 : Panoramic Hydride Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Thermoelectric Properties". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b02239. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1572381.
@article{osti_1572381,
title = {From NaZn4Sb3 to HT-Na1–xZn4–ySb3 : Panoramic Hydride Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Thermoelectric Properties},
author = {Gvozdetskyi, Volodymyr and Owens-Baird, Bryan and Hong, Sangki and Cox, Tori and Bhaskar, Gourab and Harmer, Colin and Sun, Yang and Zhang, Feng and Wang, Cai-Zhuang and Ho, Kai-Ming and Zaikina, Julia V.},
abstractNote = {Two new sodium zinc antimonides NaZn4Sb3 and $HT$-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 were synthesized by using reactive sodium hydride, NaH, as a precursor. The hydride route provides uniform mixing and comprehensive control over the composition, facilitating fast reactions and high-purity samples, whereas traditional synthesis using sodium metal results in inhomogeneous samples with a significant fraction of the more stable NaZnSb compound. NaZn4Sb3 crystalizes in the hexagonal $P$63/$mmc$ space group (No. 194, Z=2, a=4.43579(4) Å, c = 23.41553(9) Å), and is stable upon heating in vacuum up to 736 K. The layered crystal structure of NaZn4Sb3 is related to the structure of the well-studied thermoelectric antimonides AeZn2Sb2 (Ae = Ca, Sr, Eu). Upon heating in vacuum NaZn4Sb3 transforms to $HT$-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 (x = 0.047(3), $y$ = 0.135(1)) due to partial Na/Zn evaporation/elimination, as was determined from high-temperature in-situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. $HT$-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 has a complex monoclinic structure with considerable degrees of structural disorder ($P2_1/c$ (No. 14, $Z$=32), a=19.5366(7) Å, b=14.7410(5) Å, c = 20.7808(7) Å, $β$ = 90.317(2)°) and is stable exclusively in a narrow temperature range of 736-885 K. Further heating of HT-Na1-xZn4-ySb3 leads to a reversible transformation to NaZnSb above 883 K. Both compounds exhibit similarly low thermal conductivity at room temperature (0.9 W∙m-1 K-1) and positive Seebeck coefficients (38–52 $μ$V/K) indicative of holes as the main charge carriers. However, resistivities of the two phases differ by two orders of magnitude.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b02239},
journal = {Chemistry of Materials},
number = 21,
volume = 31,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Thu Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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