Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane

O’Connor, Paul

doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.5.4.041508

Title: Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane

Abstract

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) focal plane consists of 21 autonomous modules [raft tower modules (RTMs)], each of which contains nine thick, fully depleted 4k × 4k CCDs with associated control and readout electronics. To enable LSST’s repetitive short-exposure cadence while maintaining high duty factor and low read noise, the readout is highly parallelized into 3024 independent video channels (16 per CCD and 144 per RTM). Two vendors supplied the LSST sensors; the devices have compatible mechanical and electrical interfaces and meet the same electro-optic specifications, but each RTM is constructed with sensors from a single supplier. The full complement of rafts was assembled at Brookhaven National Laboratory during January 2017 to January 2019. Each unit underwent extensive electro-optic and metrology characterization at operating temperature, the results of which are presented here along with a discussion of uniformity and stability.

Authors:

O’Connor, Paul ^[1]

Brookhaven National Laboratory, Instrumentation Division, Upton, New York

Publication Date:: Fri Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1570062

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1603275

Report Number(s):: BNL-213697-2020-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 2329-4124

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; AC02-76SF00515

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems Journal Volume: 5 Journal Issue: 04; Journal ID: ISSN 2329-4124

Publisher:: SPIE

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; LSST; CCDs; CCD readout

Citation Formats


                    O’Connor, Paul. Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.5.4.041508.

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                    O’Connor, Paul. Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.4.041508

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                    O’Connor, Paul. Fri .  
"Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.4.041508.

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@article{osti_1570062,

  title        = {Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane},

  author       = {O’Connor, Paul},

  abstractNote = {The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) focal plane consists of 21 autonomous modules [raft tower modules (RTMs)], each of which contains nine thick, fully depleted 4k × 4k CCDs with associated control and readout electronics. To enable LSST’s repetitive short-exposure cadence while maintaining high duty factor and low read noise, the readout is highly parallelized into 3024 independent video channels (16 per CCD and 144 per RTM). Two vendors supplied the LSST sensors; the devices have compatible mechanical and electrical interfaces and meet the same electro-optic specifications, but each RTM is constructed with sensors from a single supplier. The full complement of rafts was assembled at Brookhaven National Laboratory during January 2017 to January 2019. Each unit underwent extensive electro-optic and metrology characterization at operating temperature, the results of which are presented here along with a discussion of uniformity and stability.},

  doi          = {10.1117/1.JATIS.5.4.041508},

  journal      = {Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems},

  number       = 04,

  volume       = 5,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Fri Oct 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.5.4.041508

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Cited by: 6 works

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Figures / Tables:

Table 1: Imaging focal plane array comparison

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Works referenced in this record:

Optimization of CCD operating voltages for the LSST camera
conference, July 2018

Roodman, Aaron J.; Snyder, Adam; Gilmore, Kirk
High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VIII
DOI: 10.1117/12.2313875

Study of silicon thickness optimization for LSST
conference, June 2006

O'Connor, P.; Radeka, V.; Figer, D.
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.673393

Integrated system tests of the LSST raft tower modules
conference, August 2016

O'Connor, P.; Antilogus, P.; Doherty, P.
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.2232729

The brighter-fatter effect and pixel correlations in CCD sensors
journal, March 2014

Antilogus, P.; Astier, P.; Doherty, P.
Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 9, Issue 03
DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/9/03/C03048

LSST sensor requirements and characterization of the prototype LSST CCDs
journal, March 2009

Radeka, V.; Frank, J.; Geary, J. C.
Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 4, Issue 03
DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/4/03/P03002

LSST camera control system
conference, June 2006

Marshall, Stuart; Thaler, Jon; Schalk, Terry
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.673226

The Pan-STARRS Gigapixel Camera #1 and STARGRASP controller results and performance
conference, August 2008

Onaka, P.; Tonry, J. L.; Isani, S.
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.788093

An introduction to some imperfections of CCD sensors
journal, May 2015

Astier, P.
Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 10, Issue 05
DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/10/05/C05013

An automated system to measure the quantum efficiency of CCDs for astronomy
journal, April 2017

Coles, R.; Chiang, J.; Cinabro, D.
Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 12, Issue 04
DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/12/04/C04014

Design and development of the 3.2 gigapixel camera for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
conference, July 2010

Kahn, S. M.; Kurita, N.; Gilmore, K.
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.857920

Crosstalk in multi-output CCDs for LSST
journal, May 2015

O'Connor, P.
Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 10, Issue 05
DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/10/05/C05010

Evidence for self-interaction of charge distribution in charge-coupled devices
journal, February 2015

Guyonnet, A.; Astier, P.; Antilogus, P.
Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 575
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201424897

The dark Energy Camera
journal, October 2015

Flaugher, B.; Diehl, H. T.; Honscheid, K.
The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 150, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/150

Hyper Suprime-Cam
conference, October 2012

Miyazaki, Satoshi; Komiyama, Yutaka; Nakaya, Hidehiko
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.926844

LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
journal, March 2019

Ivezić, Željko; Kahn, Steven M.; Tyson, J. Anthony
The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 873, Issue 2
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c

Development of the LSST raft tower modules
conference, September 2012

O'Connor, P.; Kotov, I.; Takacs, P. Z.
SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
DOI: 10.1117/12.926645

Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Integrated system tests of the LSST raft tower modules

Journal Article O'Connor, P. ; Antilogus, P. ; Doherty, P. ; ... - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

The science focal plane of the LSST camera is made up of 21 fully autonomous 144 Mpixel imager units designated raft tower modules (RTM). These imagers incorporate nine 4K x 4K fully-depleted CCDs and 144 channels of readout electronics, including a dedicated CMOS video processing ASIC and components that provide CCD biasing and clocking, video digitization, thermal stabilization, and a high degree of monitoring and telemetry. Here, the RTM achieves its performance goals for readout speed, read noise, linearity, and crosstalk with a power budget of less than 400mW/channel. Series production is underway on the first units and the productionmore »« less
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The LSST Camera focal plane will be constructed with 21 144-Mpixel modules (\Raft Tower Module", RTM). An extensive operational test is performed to confirm the integrity of all connections and to verify the basic functionality. Each RTM undergoes at least four connectivity tests. A python script communicates with Java- based control software and performs the test. A python script parses the test data and generates a PDF report. The report includes a summary PASS/FAIL table, several hundred current, voltage and temperature parameters, and images taken with the CCD array at room temperature.
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Meeting the science goals for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) translates into a demanding set of imaging performance requirements for the optical system over a wide (3.5{sup o}) field of view. In turn, meeting those imaging requirements necessitates maintaining precise control of the focal plane surface (10 {micro}m P-V) over the entire field of view (640 mm diameter) at the operating temperature (T {approx} -100 C) and over the operational elevation angle range. We briefly describe the hierarchical design approach for the LSST Camera focal plane and the baseline design for assembling the flat focal plane at room temperature.more »« less
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Similar Records

Title: Uniformity and stability of the LSST focal plane

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

Optimization of CCD operating voltages for the LSST camera conference, July 2018

Study of silicon thickness optimization for LSST conference, June 2006

Integrated system tests of the LSST raft tower modules conference, August 2016

The brighter-fatter effect and pixel correlations in CCD sensors journal, March 2014

LSST sensor requirements and characterization of the prototype LSST CCDs journal, March 2009

LSST camera control system conference, June 2006

The Pan-STARRS Gigapixel Camera #1 and STARGRASP controller results and performance conference, August 2008

An introduction to some imperfections of CCD sensors journal, May 2015

An automated system to measure the quantum efficiency of CCDs for astronomy journal, April 2017

Design and development of the 3.2 gigapixel camera for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope conference, July 2010

Crosstalk in multi-output CCDs for LSST journal, May 2015

Evidence for self-interaction of charge distribution in charge-coupled devices journal, February 2015

The dark Energy Camera journal, October 2015

Hyper Suprime-Cam conference, October 2012

LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products journal, March 2019

Development of the LSST raft tower modules conference, September 2012

Optimization of CCD operating voltages for the LSST camera
conference, July 2018

Study of silicon thickness optimization for LSST
conference, June 2006

Integrated system tests of the LSST raft tower modules
conference, August 2016

The brighter-fatter effect and pixel correlations in CCD sensors
journal, March 2014

LSST sensor requirements and characterization of the prototype LSST CCDs
journal, March 2009

LSST camera control system
conference, June 2006

The Pan-STARRS Gigapixel Camera #1 and STARGRASP controller results and performance
conference, August 2008

An introduction to some imperfections of CCD sensors
journal, May 2015

An automated system to measure the quantum efficiency of CCDs for astronomy
journal, April 2017

Design and development of the 3.2 gigapixel camera for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
conference, July 2010

Crosstalk in multi-output CCDs for LSST
journal, May 2015

Evidence for self-interaction of charge distribution in charge-coupled devices
journal, February 2015

The dark Energy Camera
journal, October 2015

Hyper Suprime-Cam
conference, October 2012

LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
journal, March 2019

Development of the LSST raft tower modules
conference, September 2012