Machine learning for disruption warnings on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST
Abstract
In this paper, we report on disruption prediction using a shallow machinelearning method known as Random Forests, trained on large databases containingonly plasma parameters that are available in real-time on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST. The database for each tokamak contains parameters sampled ~106 times throughout ~104 discharges (disruptive and non-disruptive) over the last 4years of operation. It is found that a number of parameters (e.g.Prad/Pinput,li,n/nG,Bn=1/B0) exhibit changes in aggregate as a disruption is approached on one ormore of these tokamaks. However, for each machine, the most useful parameters,as well as the details of their precursor behaviors, are markedly different. When the prediction problem is framed using a binary classification scheme to discriminate between time slices "close to disruption" and "far from disruption," it is found that the prediction algorithms differ substantially in performance among the three machines ona time slice-by-time slice basis, but have similar disruption detection rates (~80-90%) on a shot-by-shot basis after appropriate optimisation. This could have important implications for disruption prediction and avoidance on ITER, for which developmentof a training database of disruptions may be infeasible. The algorithm's output is interpretable using a method that identifies the most strongly contributing inputsignals, which may have implications formore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1];
[2];
[4]
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei (China)
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1569035
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC02-04ER54698; FC02-99ER54512; SC0014264; SC0010720; SC0010492
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nuclear Fusion
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 59; Journal Issue: 9; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515
- Publisher:
- IOP Science
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
Citation Formats
Montes, K. J., Rea, C., Granetz, R. S., Tinguely, R. A., Eidietis, N., Meneghini, O. M., Chen, D. L., Shen, B., Xiao, B. J., Erickson, K., and Boyer, M. D. Machine learning for disruption warnings on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ab1df4.
Montes, K. J., Rea, C., Granetz, R. S., Tinguely, R. A., Eidietis, N., Meneghini, O. M., Chen, D. L., Shen, B., Xiao, B. J., Erickson, K., & Boyer, M. D. Machine learning for disruption warnings on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab1df4
Montes, K. J., Rea, C., Granetz, R. S., Tinguely, R. A., Eidietis, N., Meneghini, O. M., Chen, D. L., Shen, B., Xiao, B. J., Erickson, K., and Boyer, M. D. Tue .
"Machine learning for disruption warnings on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab1df4. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1569035.
@article{osti_1569035,
title = {Machine learning for disruption warnings on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST},
author = {Montes, K. J. and Rea, C. and Granetz, R. S. and Tinguely, R. A. and Eidietis, N. and Meneghini, O. M. and Chen, D. L. and Shen, B. and Xiao, B. J. and Erickson, K. and Boyer, M. D.},
abstractNote = {In this paper, we report on disruption prediction using a shallow machinelearning method known as Random Forests, trained on large databases containingonly plasma parameters that are available in real-time on Alcator C-Mod, DIII-D, and EAST. The database for each tokamak contains parameters sampled ~106 times throughout ~104 discharges (disruptive and non-disruptive) over the last 4years of operation. It is found that a number of parameters (e.g.Prad/Pinput,li,n/nG,Bn=1/B0) exhibit changes in aggregate as a disruption is approached on one ormore of these tokamaks. However, for each machine, the most useful parameters,as well as the details of their precursor behaviors, are markedly different. When the prediction problem is framed using a binary classification scheme to discriminate between time slices "close to disruption" and "far from disruption," it is found that the prediction algorithms differ substantially in performance among the three machines ona time slice-by-time slice basis, but have similar disruption detection rates (~80-90%) on a shot-by-shot basis after appropriate optimisation. This could have important implications for disruption prediction and avoidance on ITER, for which developmentof a training database of disruptions may be infeasible. The algorithm's output is interpretable using a method that identifies the most strongly contributing inputsignals, which may have implications for avoiding disruptive scenarios. Lastly, to further support its real-time capability, successful applications in inter-shot and real-time environments on EAST and DIII-D are also discussed.},
doi = {10.1088/1741-4326/ab1df4},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
number = 9,
volume = 59,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Apr 30 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Tue Apr 30 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: Behavior of the $n$ = 1 locked mode proxy (a) and loop voltage (b) is markedly different on the three tokamaks. Disruptions time is at $t$ = 0 s on the right edge of each graph. Note the different time scales and vertical scales for each machine.
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Works referencing / citing this record:
An application of survival analysis to disruption prediction via Random Forests
journal, August 2019
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- arXiv
Figures / Tables found in this record:
Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.