Microscale residual stresses in additively manufactured stainless steel

Chen, Wen; Voisin, Thomas; Zhang, Yin; Florien, Jean-Baptiste; Spadaccini, Christopher M.; McDowell, David L.; Zhu, Ting; Wang, Y. Morris

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12265-8

Title: Microscale residual stresses in additively manufactured stainless steel

Journal Article · 25 September 2019 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12265-8 · OSTI ID:1566796

Chen, Wen ^[1]; Voisin, Thomas ^[1];

^[2]; Florien, Jean-Baptiste ^[1]; Spadaccini, Christopher M. ^[1]; McDowell, David L. ^[2]; Zhu, Ting ^[2];

^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)

Additively manufactured (AM) metallic materials commonly possess substantial microscale internal stresses that manifest as intergranular and intragranular residual stresses. However, the impact of these residual stresses on the mechanical behaviour of AM materials remains unexplored. Here we combine in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments and computational modelling to quantify the lattice strains in different families of grains with specific orientations and associated intergranular residual stresses in an AM 316L stainless steel under uniaxial tension. We measure pronounced tension–compression asymmetries in yield strength and work hardening for as-printed stainless steel, and show they are associated with back stresses originating from heterogeneous dislocation distributions and resultant intragranular residual stresses. We further report that heat treatment relieves microscale residual stresses, thereby reducing the tension–compression asymmetries and altering work-hardening behaviour. This work establishes the mechanistic connections between the microscale residual stresses and mechanical behaviour of AM stainless steel.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1566796

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL--789087; 986990

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 10; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The origin of high-density dislocations in additively manufactured metals Wang, Ge; Ouyang, Heng; Fan, Chen Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12204644	text	January 2020

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