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Title: Initiation and Development of Wetlands in Southern Florida Karst Landscape Associated With Accumulation of Organic Matter and Vegetation Evolution

Abstract

Biological processes can exert important controls on geomorphic evolution in karst landscapes, because carbonate mineral dissolution is augmented and spatially focused by the production of CO2 and biogenic acids from organic matter (OM) decomposition. In Big Cypress National Preserve (BICY) in southwest Florida (USA), depressional wetlands embedded in a mosaic of pine uplands exhibit regular patterning. To understand the impact of OM decomposition as well as different OM sources on carbonate dissolution and landscape patterning, we measured bulk OM property and biomarker proxies (fatty acids and lignin phenols) in different zones (center vs. edge) of the depressional wetlands. We also constructed age profiles of sediment accretion and pattern genesis using 210Pb activities and compound- specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) of long-chain fatty acids. Bulk OM and biomarker data indicate rapid OM accumulation in wetland centers resulting from high primary production and near permanent inundation, in contrast to negligible OM accumulation at wetland edges. Age discontinuities suggest episodic periods of near complete OM loss due to decomposition and/or fire. Based on CSRA, landscape patterning likely initiated in the mid-to-late Holocene, with wetlands at slight higher elevation initiated earlier than wetlands at lower elevation. Bulk stable isotope and lignin phenol biomarkers indicate wetlandmore » vegetation was initially dominated by herbaceous species and shifted to woody dominated vegetation as landscape hydrology adjusted to changing precipitation. The rate of weathering is likely impacted by hydrological conditions, vegetation dynamics and environmental perturbations like precipitation and fires, suggesting that this karst landscape is a manifestation of complex ecosystem feedbacks.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [2]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [2];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5];  [6]; ORCiD logo [2];  [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)
  3. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Suwannee River Water Management District, Live Oak, FL (United States)
  4. Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
  5. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Sequim, WA (United States)
  6. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States); Univ. of Florida, St. Augustine, FL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1560137
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-136524
Journal ID: ISSN 2169-8953
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 124; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-8953
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; aquatic; biogeochemistry; biomarker; carbon; carbon cycling; carbon dioxide; climate change; decomposition; dissolved organic carbon; ecosystem; erosion; export; flood; global change; gradients; hydrogeology; hydrogeomorphic; karst; microbes; organic matter; patterned landscape; terrestial aquatic interface; wetland; wetland inundation; wetland soils; Big Cypress National Preserve; radiocarbon; fatty acid; lignin

Citation Formats

Zhang, Xiaowen, Bianchi, Thomas S., Cohen, Matthew J., Martin, Jonathan B., Quintero, Carlos J., Brown, Amy L., Ares, Angelica M., Heffernan, James B., Ward, Nicholas D., Osborne, Todd Z., Shields, Michael R., and Kenney, William F. Initiation and Development of Wetlands in Southern Florida Karst Landscape Associated With Accumulation of Organic Matter and Vegetation Evolution. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1029/2018JG004921.
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Zhang, Xiaowen, Bianchi, Thomas S., Cohen, Matthew J., Martin, Jonathan B., Quintero, Carlos J., Brown, Amy L., Ares, Angelica M., Heffernan, James B., Ward, Nicholas D., Osborne, Todd Z., Shields, Michael R., & Kenney, William F. Initiation and Development of Wetlands in Southern Florida Karst Landscape Associated With Accumulation of Organic Matter and Vegetation Evolution. United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004921
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Zhang, Xiaowen, Bianchi, Thomas S., Cohen, Matthew J., Martin, Jonathan B., Quintero, Carlos J., Brown, Amy L., Ares, Angelica M., Heffernan, James B., Ward, Nicholas D., Osborne, Todd Z., Shields, Michael R., and Kenney, William F. Wed . "Initiation and Development of Wetlands in Southern Florida Karst Landscape Associated With Accumulation of Organic Matter and Vegetation Evolution". United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004921. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1560137.
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@article{osti_1560137,
title = {Initiation and Development of Wetlands in Southern Florida Karst Landscape Associated With Accumulation of Organic Matter and Vegetation Evolution},
author = {Zhang, Xiaowen and Bianchi, Thomas S. and Cohen, Matthew J. and Martin, Jonathan B. and Quintero, Carlos J. and Brown, Amy L. and Ares, Angelica M. and Heffernan, James B. and Ward, Nicholas D. and Osborne, Todd Z. and Shields, Michael R. and Kenney, William F.},
abstractNote = {Biological processes can exert important controls on geomorphic evolution in karst landscapes, because carbonate mineral dissolution is augmented and spatially focused by the production of CO2 and biogenic acids from organic matter (OM) decomposition. In Big Cypress National Preserve (BICY) in southwest Florida (USA), depressional wetlands embedded in a mosaic of pine uplands exhibit regular patterning. To understand the impact of OM decomposition as well as different OM sources on carbonate dissolution and landscape patterning, we measured bulk OM property and biomarker proxies (fatty acids and lignin phenols) in different zones (center vs. edge) of the depressional wetlands. We also constructed age profiles of sediment accretion and pattern genesis using 210Pb activities and compound- specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) of long-chain fatty acids. Bulk OM and biomarker data indicate rapid OM accumulation in wetland centers resulting from high primary production and near permanent inundation, in contrast to negligible OM accumulation at wetland edges. Age discontinuities suggest episodic periods of near complete OM loss due to decomposition and/or fire. Based on CSRA, landscape patterning likely initiated in the mid-to-late Holocene, with wetlands at slight higher elevation initiated earlier than wetlands at lower elevation. Bulk stable isotope and lignin phenol biomarkers indicate wetland vegetation was initially dominated by herbaceous species and shifted to woody dominated vegetation as landscape hydrology adjusted to changing precipitation. The rate of weathering is likely impacted by hydrological conditions, vegetation dynamics and environmental perturbations like precipitation and fires, suggesting that this karst landscape is a manifestation of complex ecosystem feedbacks.},
doi = {10.1029/2018JG004921},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences},
number = 6,
volume = 124,
place = {United States},
year = {2019},
month = {5}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004921
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Scale‐Dependent Patterning of Wetland Depressions in a Low‐Relief Karst Landscape
    journal, August 2019

    • Quintero, Carlos J.; Cohen, Matthew J.
    • Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, Vol. 124, Issue 8
    • DOI: 10.1029/2019jf005067
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