Laser-sculptured ultrathin transition metal carbide layers for energy storage and energy harvesting applications

Zang, Xining; Jian, Cuiying; Zhu, Taishan; Fan, Zheng; Wang, Wanlin; Wei, Minsong; Li, Buxuan; Follmar Diaz, Mateo; Ashby, Paul; Lu, Zhengmao; Chu, Yao; Wang, Zizhao; Ding, Xinrui; Xie, Yingxi; Chen, Juhong; Hohman, J. Nathan; Sanghadasa, Mohan; Grossman, Jeffrey C.; Lin, Liwei

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-10999-z

Title: Laser-sculptured ultrathin transition metal carbide layers for energy storage and energy harvesting applications

Journal Article · 15 July 2019 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10999-z · OSTI ID:1559234

Zang, Xining ^[1]; Jian, Cuiying ^[2]; Zhu, Taishan ^[2]; Fan, Zheng ^[3]; Wang, Wanlin ^[4];

^[5]; Li, Buxuan ^[5]; Follmar Diaz, Mateo ^[6];

^[7];

^[2]; Chu, Yao ^[5];

^[8]; Ding, Xinrui ^[5]; Xie, Yingxi ^[5];

^[5]; Hohman, J. Nathan ^[7]; Sanghadasa, Mohan ^[9];

^[2]; Lin, Liwei ^[5]

Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Univ. of Houston, TX (United States)
Shenzhen Univ. (China)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
D-MAVT, ETHZ, Zürich (Switzerland)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
Aviation and Missile Center, Redstone Arsenal, AL (United States)

Ultrathin transition metal carbides with high capacity, high surface area, and high conductivity are a promising family of materials for applications from energy storage to catalysis. However, large-scale, cost-effective, and precursor-free methods to prepare ultrathin carbides are lacking. Here, we demonstrate a direct pattern method to manufacture ultrathin carbides (MoC_x, WC_x, and CoC_x) on versatile substrates using a CO₂ laser. The laser-sculptured polycrystalline carbides (macroporous, ~10-20 nm wall thickness, ~10 nm crystallinity) show high energy storage capability, hierarchical porous structure, and higher thermal resilience than MXenes and other laser-ablated carbon materials. A flexible supercapacitor made of MoC_x demonstrates a wide temperature range (-50 to 300 °C). Furthermore, the sculptured microstructures endow the carbide network with enhanced visible light absorption, providing high solar energy harvesting efficiency (~72%) for steam generation. The laser-based, scalable, resilient, and low-cost manufacturing process presents an approach for construction of carbides and their subsequent applications.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1559234

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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