A simplified lithium vapor box divertor
Abstract
A detached divertor plasma is predicted to be necessary to mitigate the heat fluxes and ion energy, and so sputtering, at the divertor plate of a fusion power plant. It has proven difficult in current experiments, however, to prevent the detachment front, once formed, from running up to the main plasma resulting in deterioration of pedestal performance. The lithium vapor box divertor localizes a dense cloud of lithium vapor away from the main plasma, in order to induce detachment at a stable, distant location. The vapor localization is created by local evaporation and nearby condensation, a configuration inaccessible for non-condensing seed impurities. This paper provides simulations of lithium vapor flow using the SPARTA direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) code, in which the lithium vapor dynamics are governed by Li–Li collisions that should dominate in regions with little plasma. Inertia is included in this code, permitting the formation of shocks. The plasma model implemented in SPARTA is based on UEDGE results for the location of ionization and recombination. We find that a simplified lithium vapor box configuration, without baffles, provides robust stabilization of the detachment front and acceptable lithium vapor flow to the main chamber. Lithium is evaporated from a capillarymore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1558761
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1823218
- Report Number(s):
- LLNL-JRNL-793360
Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515; TRN: US2000242
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-09CH11466; AC52-07NA27344
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nuclear Fusion
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 59; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 0029-5515
- Publisher:
- IOP Science
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; divertor; lithium; DSMC; detachment; lithium vapor box; FEC 2018; FNSF
Citation Formats
Emdee, E. D., Goldston, R. J., Schwartz, J. A., Rensink, M., and Rognlien, T. D. A simplified lithium vapor box divertor. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ab2825.
Emdee, E. D., Goldston, R. J., Schwartz, J. A., Rensink, M., & Rognlien, T. D. A simplified lithium vapor box divertor. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab2825
Emdee, E. D., Goldston, R. J., Schwartz, J. A., Rensink, M., and Rognlien, T. D. Fri .
"A simplified lithium vapor box divertor". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab2825. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1558761.
@article{osti_1558761,
title = {A simplified lithium vapor box divertor},
author = {Emdee, E. D. and Goldston, R. J. and Schwartz, J. A. and Rensink, M. and Rognlien, T. D.},
abstractNote = {A detached divertor plasma is predicted to be necessary to mitigate the heat fluxes and ion energy, and so sputtering, at the divertor plate of a fusion power plant. It has proven difficult in current experiments, however, to prevent the detachment front, once formed, from running up to the main plasma resulting in deterioration of pedestal performance. The lithium vapor box divertor localizes a dense cloud of lithium vapor away from the main plasma, in order to induce detachment at a stable, distant location. The vapor localization is created by local evaporation and nearby condensation, a configuration inaccessible for non-condensing seed impurities. This paper provides simulations of lithium vapor flow using the SPARTA direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) code, in which the lithium vapor dynamics are governed by Li–Li collisions that should dominate in regions with little plasma. Inertia is included in this code, permitting the formation of shocks. The plasma model implemented in SPARTA is based on UEDGE results for the location of ionization and recombination. We find that a simplified lithium vapor box configuration, without baffles, provides robust stabilization of the detachment front and acceptable lithium vapor flow to the main chamber. Lithium is evaporated from a capillary porous surface on the private-flux side of the divertor, distant from the main plasma, and is condensed on the other side walls of the divertor chamber. The condensed lithium flows back to the evaporator through 2 cm internal diameter pipes. The capillary pressure differential at the surface of the evaporator is capable of overcoming MHD back-force in the piping, with a great deal of margin if a sandwich flow channel insert is implemented. Very little lithium should be accumulated on the first wall of the main chamber if it is maintained at 600 °C, as expected for a power-producing fusion system.},
doi = {10.1088/1741-4326/ab2825},
journal = {Nuclear Fusion},
number = 8,
volume = 59,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri Jul 05 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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Cited by: 4 works
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Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: Lithium vapor box divertor with multiple baffles.
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Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.