Quantum Virtual Cooling
Abstract
We propose a quantum-information-based scheme to reduce the temperature of quantum many-body systems and access regimes beyond the current capability of conventional cooling techniques. We show that collective measurements on multiple copies of a system at finite temperature can simulate measurements of the same system at a lower temperature. This idea is illustrated for the example of ultracold atoms in optical lattices, where controlled tunnel coupling and quantum gas microscopy can be naturally combined to realize the required collective measurements to access a lower, virtual temperature. Our protocol is experimentally implemented for a Bose-Hubbard model on up to 12 sites, and we successfully extract expectation values of observables at half the temperature of the physical system. Additionally, we present related techniques that enable the extraction of zero-temperature states directly.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); Fannie and John Hertz Foundation; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science; National Science Foundation (NSF); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); European Research Council (ERC); Daimler and Benz Foundation; CIFAR; Simons Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1545460
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1613203
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0019380; PHY-1720397; 725636
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review. X
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review. X Journal Volume: 9 Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2160-3308
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; Physics; Atomic and Molecular Physics; Quantum Information; Statistical Physics
Citation Formats
Cotler, Jordan, Choi, Soonwon, Lukin, Alexander, Gharibyan, Hrant, Grover, Tarun, Tai, M. Eric, Rispoli, Matthew, Schittko, Robert, Preiss, Philipp M., Kaufman, Adam M., Greiner, Markus, Pichler, Hannes, and Hayden, Patrick. Quantum Virtual Cooling. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031013.
Cotler, Jordan, Choi, Soonwon, Lukin, Alexander, Gharibyan, Hrant, Grover, Tarun, Tai, M. Eric, Rispoli, Matthew, Schittko, Robert, Preiss, Philipp M., Kaufman, Adam M., Greiner, Markus, Pichler, Hannes, & Hayden, Patrick. Quantum Virtual Cooling. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031013
Cotler, Jordan, Choi, Soonwon, Lukin, Alexander, Gharibyan, Hrant, Grover, Tarun, Tai, M. Eric, Rispoli, Matthew, Schittko, Robert, Preiss, Philipp M., Kaufman, Adam M., Greiner, Markus, Pichler, Hannes, and Hayden, Patrick. Mon .
"Quantum Virtual Cooling". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031013.
@article{osti_1545460,
title = {Quantum Virtual Cooling},
author = {Cotler, Jordan and Choi, Soonwon and Lukin, Alexander and Gharibyan, Hrant and Grover, Tarun and Tai, M. Eric and Rispoli, Matthew and Schittko, Robert and Preiss, Philipp M. and Kaufman, Adam M. and Greiner, Markus and Pichler, Hannes and Hayden, Patrick},
abstractNote = {We propose a quantum-information-based scheme to reduce the temperature of quantum many-body systems and access regimes beyond the current capability of conventional cooling techniques. We show that collective measurements on multiple copies of a system at finite temperature can simulate measurements of the same system at a lower temperature. This idea is illustrated for the example of ultracold atoms in optical lattices, where controlled tunnel coupling and quantum gas microscopy can be naturally combined to realize the required collective measurements to access a lower, virtual temperature. Our protocol is experimentally implemented for a Bose-Hubbard model on up to 12 sites, and we successfully extract expectation values of observables at half the temperature of the physical system. Additionally, we present related techniques that enable the extraction of zero-temperature states directly.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031013},
journal = {Physical Review. X},
number = 3,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031013
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031013
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 17 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Probing the Quench Dynamics of Antiferromagnetic Correlations in a 2D Quantum Ising Spin System
journal, June 2018
- Guardado-Sanchez, Elmer; Brown, Peter T.; Mitra, Debayan
- Physical Review X, Vol. 8, Issue 2
A cold-atom Fermi–Hubbard antiferromagnet
journal, May 2017
- Mazurenko, Anton; Chiu, Christie S.; Ji, Geoffrey
- Nature, Vol. 545, Issue 7655
Thermalization and its mechanism for generic isolated quantum systems
journal, April 2008
- Rigol, Marcos; Dunjko, Vanja; Olshanii, Maxim
- Nature, Vol. 452, Issue 7189
Does a Single Eigenstate Encode the Full Hamiltonian?
journal, April 2018
- Garrison, James R.; Grover, Tarun
- Physical Review X, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Measuring Entanglement Growth in Quench Dynamics of Bosons in an Optical Lattice
journal, July 2012
- Daley, A. J.; Pichler, H.; Schachenmayer, J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 2
Creation of effective magnetic fields in optical lattices: the Hofstadter butterfly for cold neutral atoms
journal, January 2003
- Jaksch, D.; Zoller, P.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 5
Measuring entanglement entropy in a quantum many-body system
journal, December 2015
- Islam, Rajibul; Ma, Ruichao; Preiss, Philipp M.
- Nature, Vol. 528, Issue 7580
Long-distance quantum communication with atomic ensembles and linear optics
journal, November 2001
- Duan, L. -M.; Lukin, M. D.; Cirac, J. I.
- Nature, Vol. 414, Issue 6862
Quantum State Engineering of a Hubbard System with Ultracold Fermions
journal, June 2018
- Chiu, Christie S.; Ji, Geoffrey; Mazurenko, Anton
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 24
Measurement Protocol for the Entanglement Spectrum of Cold Atoms
journal, November 2016
- Pichler, Hannes; Zhu, Guanyu; Seif, Alireza
- Physical Review X, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Quantum simulation of antiferromagnetic spin chains in an optical lattice
journal, April 2011
- Simon, Jonathan; Bakr, Waseem S.; Ma, Ruichao
- Nature, Vol. 472, Issue 7343
Quantum simulation
journal, March 2014
- Georgescu, I. M.; Ashhab, S.; Nori, Franco
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 86, Issue 1
Observation of a many-body dynamical phase transition with a 53-qubit quantum simulator
journal, November 2017
- Zhang, J.; Pagano, G.; Hess, P. W.
- Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7682
Probing entanglement in a many-body–localized system
journal, April 2019
- Lukin, Alexander; Rispoli, Matthew; Schittko, Robert
- Science, Vol. 364, Issue 6437
Light-cone-like spreading of correlations in a quantum many-body system
journal, January 2012
- Cheneau, Marc; Barmettler, Peter; Poletti, Dario
- Nature, Vol. 481, Issue 7382
Cold Bosonic Atoms in Optical Lattices
journal, October 1998
- Jaksch, D.; Bruder, C.; Cirac, J. I.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 81, Issue 15
Weak and strong typicality in quantum systems
journal, July 2012
- Santos, Lea F.; Polkovnikov, Anatoli; Rigol, Marcos
- Physical Review E, Vol. 86, Issue 1
Direct Estimations of Linear and Nonlinear Functionals of a Quantum State
journal, May 2002
- Ekert, Artur K.; Alves, Carolina Moura; Oi, Daniel K. L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 88, Issue 21
Multipartite Entanglement Detection in Bosons
journal, September 2004
- Moura Alves, C.; Jaksch, D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 11
Fermionic Atoms in a Three Dimensional Optical Lattice: Observing Fermi Surfaces, Dynamics, and Interactions
journal, March 2005
- Köhl, Michael; Moritz, Henning; Stöferle, Thilo
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 94, Issue 8
Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
journal, February 2015
- Hart, Russell A.; Duarte, Pedro M.; Yang, Tsung-Lin
- Nature, Vol. 519, Issue 7542
Quasiparticle engineering and entanglement propagation in a quantum many-body system
journal, July 2014
- Jurcevic, P.; Lanyon, B. P.; Hauke, P.
- Nature, Vol. 511, Issue 7508
Digitized adiabatic quantum computing with a superconducting circuit
journal, June 2016
- Barends, R.; Shabani, A.; Lamata, L.
- Nature, Vol. 534, Issue 7606
Exploring Interacting Quantum Many-Body Systems by Experimentally Creating Continuous Matrix Product States in Superconducting Circuits
journal, December 2015
- Eichler, C.; Mlynek, J.; Butscher, J.
- Physical Review X, Vol. 5, Issue 4
Visualizing edge states with an atomic Bose gas in the quantum Hall regime
journal, September 2015
- Stuhl, B. K.; Lu, H. - I.; Aycock, L. M.
- Science, Vol. 349, Issue 6255
Realization of the Hofstadter Hamiltonian with Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
journal, October 2013
- Aidelsburger, M.; Atala, M.; Lohse, M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 18
Microscopic origin of thermodynamic entropy in isolated systems
journal, April 2013
- Deutsch, J. M.; Li, Haibin; Sharma, Auditya
- Physical Review E, Vol. 87, Issue 4
Observing the Space- and Time-Dependent Growth of Correlations in Dynamically Tuned Synthetic Ising Models with Antiferromagnetic Interactions
journal, June 2018
- Lienhard, Vincent; de Léséleuc, Sylvain; Barredo, Daniel
- Physical Review X, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator
journal, November 2017
- Bernien, Hannes; Schwartz, Sylvain; Keesling, Alexander
- Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7682
Realizing the Harper Hamiltonian with Laser-Assisted Tunneling in Optical Lattices
journal, October 2013
- Miyake, Hirokazu; Siviloglou, Georgios A.; Kennedy, Colin J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 18
Squeezing out the entropy of fermions in optical lattices
journal, April 2009
- Ho, Tin-Lun; Zhou, Qi
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, Issue 17
Short-Range Quantum Magnetism of Ultracold Fermions in an Optical Lattice
journal, May 2013
- Greif, D.; Uehlinger, T.; Jotzu, G.
- Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6138
Finite-Temperature Critical Behavior of Mutual Information
journal, March 2011
- Singh, Rajiv R. P.; Hastings, Matthew B.; Kallin, Ann B.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 13
From quantum chaos and eigenstate thermalization to statistical mechanics and thermodynamics
journal, May 2016
- D'Alessio, Luca; Kafri, Yariv; Polkovnikov, Anatoli
- Advances in Physics, Vol. 65, Issue 3
Observation of many-body localization of interacting fermions in a quasirandom optical lattice
journal, July 2015
- Schreiber, M.; Hodgman, S. S.; Bordia, P.
- Science, Vol. 349, Issue 6250
Measuring polynomial functions of states
journal, September 2004
- Brun, T. A.
- Quantum Information and Computation, Vol. 4, Issue 5
The approach to thermal equilibrium in quantized chaotic systems
journal, January 1999
- Srednicki, Mark
- Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, Vol. 32, Issue 7
Observation of spatial charge and spin correlations in the 2D Fermi-Hubbard model
journal, September 2016
- Cheuk, L. W.; Nichols, M. A.; Lawrence, K. R.
- Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6305
Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
journal, September 2017
- Gross, Christian; Bloch, Immanuel
- Science, Vol. 357, Issue 6355
Probing Rényi entanglement entropy via randomized measurements
journal, April 2019
- Brydges, Tiff; Elben, Andreas; Jurcevic, Petar
- Science, Vol. 364, Issue 6437
Thermal versus entanglement entropy: a measurement protocol for fermionic atoms with a quantum gas microscope
journal, June 2013
- Pichler, Hannes; Bonnes, Lars; Daley, Andrew J.
- New Journal of Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 6
Extended Bose-Hubbard models with ultracold magnetic atoms
journal, April 2016
- Baier, S.; Mark, M. J.; Petter, D.
- Science, Vol. 352, Issue 6282
Observation of chiral edge states with neutral fermions in synthetic Hall ribbons
journal, September 2015
- Mancini, M.; Pagano, G.; Cappellini, G.
- Science, Vol. 349, Issue 6255
Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
journal, January 2002
- Greiner, Markus; Mandel, Olaf; Esslinger, Tilman
- Nature, Vol. 415, Issue 6867
Superconducting Circuits for Quantum Information: An Outlook
journal, March 2013
- Devoret, M. H.; Schoelkopf, R. J.
- Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6124
Spin- and density-resolved microscopy of antiferromagnetic correlations in Fermi-Hubbard chains
journal, September 2016
- Boll, M.; Hilker, T. A.; Salomon, G.
- Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6305
Quantum thermalization through entanglement in an isolated many-body system
journal, August 2016
- Kaufman, A. M.; Tai, M. E.; Lukin, A.
- Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6301
Quantum statistical mechanics in a closed system
journal, February 1991
- Deutsch, J. M.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 43, Issue 4
Chaos and quantum thermalization
journal, August 1994
- Srednicki, Mark
- Physical Review E, Vol. 50, Issue 2
Site-resolved measurement of the spin-correlation function in the Fermi-Hubbard model
journal, September 2016
- Parsons, M. F.; Mazurenko, A.; Chiu, C. S.
- Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6305
Observation of many-body dynamics in long-range tunneling after a quantum quench
journal, June 2014
- Meinert, F.; Mark, M. J.; Kirilov, E.
- Science, Vol. 344, Issue 6189