Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow

You, Kehua; Flemings, Peter B.

doi:10.1029/2018jb015683

Title: Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow

Abstract

Abstract We show with a two‐dimensional multiphase flow and multicomponent transport model that free gas flow is a viable mechanism to form concentrated methane hydrate in meter‐scale, dipping sandstones far above the base of the hydrate stability zone (BHSZ). In this model, gas preferentially flows updip along the top of sandstone due to buoyancy. This drives hydrate formation, increasing the local salinity to the stability limit and developing three‐phase (gas, liquid, and hydrate) equilibrium above the BHSZ. With time, the gas and the hydrate solidification front (HSF) advance together updip. Behind the HSF, hydrate continues to form as the elevated salinity diffuses away. High hydrate saturations reduce the sediment permeability significantly. As a result, as the gas and HSF move updip, they are also pushed perpendicularly from the top to the base of the sandstone. The hydrate system ultimately self‐seals itself due to reduced permeability across the entire thickness of the sandstone. Gas starts to retreat downdip and accumulates below the BHSZ. With this model high hydrate saturations form far above the BHSZ at high methane supply rates while hydrate is concentrated at the BHSZ or no hydrate forms at low methane supply rates. This study provides further insights intomore »« less

Authors:

^[1]; Flemings, Peter B. ^[1]

Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed May 30 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1539753

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1454905

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0010406; DE‐FE0010406

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 123; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 58 GEOSCIENCES; Geochemistry & Geophysics

Citation Formats


                    You, Kehua, and Flemings, Peter B. Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1029/2018jb015683.

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                    You, Kehua, & Flemings, Peter B. Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb015683

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                    You, Kehua, and Flemings, Peter B. Wed .  
"Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb015683.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1539753.

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@article{osti_1539753,

  title        = {Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow},

  author       = {You, Kehua and Flemings, Peter B.},

  abstractNote = {Abstract We show with a two‐dimensional multiphase flow and multicomponent transport model that free gas flow is a viable mechanism to form concentrated methane hydrate in meter‐scale, dipping sandstones far above the base of the hydrate stability zone (BHSZ). In this model, gas preferentially flows updip along the top of sandstone due to buoyancy. This drives hydrate formation, increasing the local salinity to the stability limit and developing three‐phase (gas, liquid, and hydrate) equilibrium above the BHSZ. With time, the gas and the hydrate solidification front (HSF) advance together updip. Behind the HSF, hydrate continues to form as the elevated salinity diffuses away. High hydrate saturations reduce the sediment permeability significantly. As a result, as the gas and HSF move updip, they are also pushed perpendicularly from the top to the base of the sandstone. The hydrate system ultimately self‐seals itself due to reduced permeability across the entire thickness of the sandstone. Gas starts to retreat downdip and accumulates below the BHSZ. With this model high hydrate saturations form far above the BHSZ at high methane supply rates while hydrate is concentrated at the BHSZ or no hydrate forms at low methane supply rates. This study provides further insights into hydrate formation by free gas flow, which can be used to design the best strategies for economic and environmental production of methane from hydrate reservoirs.},

  doi          = {10.1029/2018jb015683},

  journal      = {Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 123,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed May 30 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Wed May 30 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb015683

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Similar Records

Title: Methane Hydrate Formation in Thick Sandstones by Free Gas Flow

Abstract

Citation Formats

3-D basin-scale reconstruction of natural gas hydrate system of the Green Canyon, Gulf of Mexico: MODELING OF THE GREEN CANYON GAS HYDRATE journal, May 2017

The prediction of methane solubility in natural waters to high ionic strength from 0 to 250°C and from 0 to 1600 bar journal, April 1992

Enhanced lifetime of methane bubble streams within the deep ocean: ENHANCED LIFETIME OF METHANE BUBBLES journal, August 2002

Capillary controls on methane hydrate distribution and fracturing in advective systems: CAPILLARY CONTROLS ON HYDRATES journal, January 2011

Gas hydrate growth, methane transport, and chloride enrichment at the southern summit of Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia margin off Oregon journal, September 2004

Permeability of sediment cores from methane hydrate deposit in the Eastern Nankai Trough journal, September 2015

Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II logging-while-drilling data acquisition and analysis journal, June 2012

Gas hydrate resource potential in the Terrebonne Basin, Northern Gulf of Mexico journal, June 2012

Images of the Base of Gas Hydrate Stability, Northwest Walker Ridge, Gulf of Mexico conference, April 2013

Passing gas through the hydrate stability zone at southern Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon journal, January 2006

Geological controls on focused fluid flow through the gas hydrate stability zone on the southern Hikurangi Margin of New Zealand, evidenced from multi-channel seismic data journal, November 2011

The fabric of consolidation in Gulf of Mexico mudstones journal, February 2012

Nucleation of gas hydrate in marine environments journal, January 2003

NMR measurements of permafrost: unfrozen water assay, pore-scale distribution of ice, and hydraulic permeability of sediments journal, June 2005

Short-range, overpressure-driven methane migration in coarse-grained gas hydrate reservoirs: Short Advection in Gas Hydrate Systems journal, September 2016

Operational overview of the first offshore production test of methane hydrates in the Eastern Nankai Trough conference, May 2014

Impact of gravity on hydrate saturation in gas-rich environments: HYDRATE FORMATION IN GAS-RICH ENVIRONMENTS journal, February 2016

Topography- and fracture-driven fluid focusing in layered ocean sediments: FLUID FOCUSING IN LAYERED SEDIMENTS journal, April 2011

Sedimentological control on saturation distribution in Arctic gas-hydrate-bearing sands journal, August 2012

Formation of natural gas hydrates in marine sediments: 1. Conceptual model of gas hydrate growth conditioned by host sediment properties journal, October 1999

Permafrost-associated natural gas hydrate occurrences on the Alaska North Slope journal, February 2011

Geological setting and characterization of a methane hydrate reservoir distributed at the first offshore production test site on the Daini-Atsumi Knoll in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan journal, September 2015

Prediction of CH4 and CO2 hydrate phase equilibrium and cage occupancy from ab initio intermolecular potentials journal, September 2005

Geologic controls on gas hydrate occurrence in the Mount Elbert prospect, Alaska North Slope journal, February 2011

Capillary effects on hydrate stability in marine sediments journal, January 2011

Linking basin-scale and pore-scale gas hydrate distribution patterns in diffusion-dominated marine hydrate systems: DIFFUSION-DRIVEN HYDRATE GROWTH IN SANDS journal, February 2017

Key Findings of the World’s First Offshore Methane Hydrate Production Test off the Coast of Japan: Toward Future Commercial Production journal, February 2017

A model for the diffusive growth of hydrate saturation anomalies in layered sediments journal, January 2011

Methane hydrate formation in thick sand reservoirs: 1. Short-range methane diffusion journal, January 2018

Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Overview of scientific and technical program journal, February 2011

Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough journal, September 2015

Experimental Measurement of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Clathrate Hydrate Equilibria in Mesoporous Silica journal, April 2003

Stress-Controlled Porosity in Overpressured Sands at Bullwinkle (GC65), Deepwater Gulf of Mexico conference, April 2013

Deep sea NMR: Methane hydrate growth habit in porous media and its relationship to hydraulic permeability, deposit accumulation, and submarine slope stability: DEEP SEA NMR journal, October 2003

Subsurface gas hydrates in the northern Gulf of Mexico journal, June 2012

Short migration of methane into a gas hydrate-bearing sand layer at Walker Ridge, Gulf of Mexico: SHORT MIGRATION OF METHANE journal, February 2013

Marine gas hydrates in thin sand layers that soak up microbial methane journal, April 2010

Formation of natural gas hydrates in marine sediments: 2. Thermodynamic calculations of stability conditions in porous sediments journal, October 1999

Testing short-range migration of microbial methane as a hydrate formation mechanism: Results from Andaman Sea and Kumano Basin drill sites and global implications journal, July 2015

Dynamic multiphase flow model of hydrate formation in marine sediments journal, January 2007

Quantifying hydrate solidification front advancing using method of characteristics: ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR HYDRATE FORMATION journal, October 2015

Salinity‐buffered methane hydrate formation and dissociation in gas‐rich systems journal, February 2015

3-D basin-scale reconstruction of natural gas hydrate system of the Green Canyon, Gulf of Mexico: MODELING OF THE GREEN CANYON GAS HYDRATE
journal, May 2017

The prediction of methane solubility in natural waters to high ionic strength from 0 to 250°C and from 0 to 1600 bar
journal, April 1992

Enhanced lifetime of methane bubble streams within the deep ocean: ENHANCED LIFETIME OF METHANE BUBBLES
journal, August 2002

Capillary controls on methane hydrate distribution and fracturing in advective systems: CAPILLARY CONTROLS ON HYDRATES
journal, January 2011

Gas hydrate growth, methane transport, and chloride enrichment at the southern summit of Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia margin off Oregon
journal, September 2004

Permeability of sediment cores from methane hydrate deposit in the Eastern Nankai Trough
journal, September 2015

Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II logging-while-drilling data acquisition and analysis
journal, June 2012

Gas hydrate resource potential in the Terrebonne Basin, Northern Gulf of Mexico
journal, June 2012

Images of the Base of Gas Hydrate Stability, Northwest Walker Ridge, Gulf of Mexico
conference, April 2013

Passing gas through the hydrate stability zone at southern Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon
journal, January 2006

Geological controls on focused fluid flow through the gas hydrate stability zone on the southern Hikurangi Margin of New Zealand, evidenced from multi-channel seismic data
journal, November 2011

The fabric of consolidation in Gulf of Mexico mudstones
journal, February 2012

Nucleation of gas hydrate in marine environments
journal, January 2003

NMR measurements of permafrost: unfrozen water assay, pore-scale distribution of ice, and hydraulic permeability of sediments
journal, June 2005

Short-range, overpressure-driven methane migration in coarse-grained gas hydrate reservoirs: Short Advection in Gas Hydrate Systems
journal, September 2016

Operational overview of the first offshore production test of methane hydrates in the Eastern Nankai Trough
conference, May 2014

Impact of gravity on hydrate saturation in gas-rich environments: HYDRATE FORMATION IN GAS-RICH ENVIRONMENTS
journal, February 2016

Topography- and fracture-driven fluid focusing in layered ocean sediments: FLUID FOCUSING IN LAYERED SEDIMENTS
journal, April 2011

Sedimentological control on saturation distribution in Arctic gas-hydrate-bearing sands
journal, August 2012

Formation of natural gas hydrates in marine sediments: 1. Conceptual model of gas hydrate growth conditioned by host sediment properties
journal, October 1999

Permafrost-associated natural gas hydrate occurrences on the Alaska North Slope
journal, February 2011

Geological setting and characterization of a methane hydrate reservoir distributed at the first offshore production test site on the Daini-Atsumi Knoll in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan
journal, September 2015

Prediction of CH4 and CO2 hydrate phase equilibrium and cage occupancy from ab initio intermolecular potentials
journal, September 2005

Geologic controls on gas hydrate occurrence in the Mount Elbert prospect, Alaska North Slope
journal, February 2011

Capillary effects on hydrate stability in marine sediments
journal, January 2011

Linking basin-scale and pore-scale gas hydrate distribution patterns in diffusion-dominated marine hydrate systems: DIFFUSION-DRIVEN HYDRATE GROWTH IN SANDS
journal, February 2017

Key Findings of the World’s First Offshore Methane Hydrate Production Test off the Coast of Japan: Toward Future Commercial Production
journal, February 2017

A model for the diffusive growth of hydrate saturation anomalies in layered sediments
journal, January 2011

Methane hydrate formation in thick sand reservoirs: 1. Short-range methane diffusion
journal, January 2018

Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Overview of scientific and technical program
journal, February 2011

Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough
journal, September 2015

Experimental Measurement of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Clathrate Hydrate Equilibria in Mesoporous Silica
journal, April 2003

Stress-Controlled Porosity in Overpressured Sands at Bullwinkle (GC65), Deepwater Gulf of Mexico
conference, April 2013

Deep sea NMR: Methane hydrate growth habit in porous media and its relationship to hydraulic permeability, deposit accumulation, and submarine slope stability: DEEP SEA NMR
journal, October 2003

Subsurface gas hydrates in the northern Gulf of Mexico
journal, June 2012

Short migration of methane into a gas hydrate-bearing sand layer at Walker Ridge, Gulf of Mexico: SHORT MIGRATION OF METHANE
journal, February 2013

Marine gas hydrates in thin sand layers that soak up microbial methane
journal, April 2010

Formation of natural gas hydrates in marine sediments: 2. Thermodynamic calculations of stability conditions in porous sediments
journal, October 1999

Testing short-range migration of microbial methane as a hydrate formation mechanism: Results from Andaman Sea and Kumano Basin drill sites and global implications
journal, July 2015

Dynamic multiphase flow model of hydrate formation in marine sediments
journal, January 2007

Quantifying hydrate solidification front advancing using method of characteristics: ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR HYDRATE FORMATION
journal, October 2015

Salinity‐buffered methane hydrate formation and dissociation in gas‐rich systems
journal, February 2015