Evolutionary instability of CUG-Leu in the genetic code of budding yeasts
Abstract
The genetic code used in nuclear genes is almost universal, but here we report that it changed three times in parallel during the evolution of budding yeasts. All three changes were reassignments of the codon CUG, which is translated as serine (in 2 yeast clades), alanine (1 clade), or the 'universal' leucine (2 clades). The newly discovered Ser2 clade is in the final stages of a genetic code transition. Most species in this clade have genes for both a novel tRNASer(CAG) and an ancestral tRNALeu(CAG) to read CUG, but only tRNASer(CAG) is used in standard growth conditions. The coexistence of these alloacceptor tRNA genes indicates that the genetic code transition occurred via an ambiguous translation phase. We propose that the three parallel reassignments of CUG were not driven by natural selection in favor of their effects on the proteome, but by selection to eliminate the ancestral tRNALeu(CAG).
- Authors:
-
[2];
[3];
[5];
[1];
[3];
[2];
[1]
- Univ. College Dublin (Ireland)
- Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States)
- Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
- Amyris, Emeryville, CA (United States); USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
- USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
- Dept. of Agriculture, Peoria, IL (United States). Agricultural Research Station
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1500012
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1619100
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC02-07ER64494; AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Krassowski, Tadeusz, Coughlan, Aisling Y., Shen, Xing-Xing, Zhou, Xiaofan, Kominek, Jacek, Opulente, Dana A., Riley, Robert, Grigoriev, Igor V., Maheshwari, Nikunj, Shields, Denis C., Kurtzman, Cletus P., Hittinger, Chris Todd, Rokas, Antonis, and Wolfe, Kenneth H. Evolutionary instability of CUG-Leu in the genetic code of budding yeasts. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04374-7.
Krassowski, Tadeusz, Coughlan, Aisling Y., Shen, Xing-Xing, Zhou, Xiaofan, Kominek, Jacek, Opulente, Dana A., Riley, Robert, Grigoriev, Igor V., Maheshwari, Nikunj, Shields, Denis C., Kurtzman, Cletus P., Hittinger, Chris Todd, Rokas, Antonis, & Wolfe, Kenneth H. Evolutionary instability of CUG-Leu in the genetic code of budding yeasts. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04374-7
Krassowski, Tadeusz, Coughlan, Aisling Y., Shen, Xing-Xing, Zhou, Xiaofan, Kominek, Jacek, Opulente, Dana A., Riley, Robert, Grigoriev, Igor V., Maheshwari, Nikunj, Shields, Denis C., Kurtzman, Cletus P., Hittinger, Chris Todd, Rokas, Antonis, and Wolfe, Kenneth H. Mon .
"Evolutionary instability of CUG-Leu in the genetic code of budding yeasts". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04374-7. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1500012.
@article{osti_1500012,
title = {Evolutionary instability of CUG-Leu in the genetic code of budding yeasts},
author = {Krassowski, Tadeusz and Coughlan, Aisling Y. and Shen, Xing-Xing and Zhou, Xiaofan and Kominek, Jacek and Opulente, Dana A. and Riley, Robert and Grigoriev, Igor V. and Maheshwari, Nikunj and Shields, Denis C. and Kurtzman, Cletus P. and Hittinger, Chris Todd and Rokas, Antonis and Wolfe, Kenneth H.},
abstractNote = {The genetic code used in nuclear genes is almost universal, but here we report that it changed three times in parallel during the evolution of budding yeasts. All three changes were reassignments of the codon CUG, which is translated as serine (in 2 yeast clades), alanine (1 clade), or the 'universal' leucine (2 clades). The newly discovered Ser2 clade is in the final stages of a genetic code transition. Most species in this clade have genes for both a novel tRNASer(CAG) and an ancestral tRNALeu(CAG) to read CUG, but only tRNASer(CAG) is used in standard growth conditions. The coexistence of these alloacceptor tRNA genes indicates that the genetic code transition occurred via an ambiguous translation phase. We propose that the three parallel reassignments of CUG were not driven by natural selection in favor of their effects on the proteome, but by selection to eliminate the ancestral tRNALeu(CAG).},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-04374-7},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon May 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Fig. 1 : The genetic code. CUG is translated as Leu in the standard code, and as Ser or Ala in the modified codes. Codons are shown in uppercase. The anticodon set of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is shown in lowercase, as is tRNACAG, which is not present in S. cerevisiae
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