Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution

Jiang, C. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Back, B. B.; Stefanini, A. M.; Montagnoli, G.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2018-12655-6

Title: Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution

Abstract

Heavy-ion fusion hindrance occurs at extreme sub-barrier energies. This behavior is well reproduced with a simple cross section formula, which was developed by Siwek-Wilczynska et al., based on a single-Gaussian distribution of fusion barrier heights, before the discovery of the hindrance phenomenon. This expression has not yet been widely used and referenced in the literature. An analysis by using this simple formula is presented for 29 systems, from ¹⁶O + ¹⁸O to ⁶⁴Ni + ¹²⁴Sn , all being measured down to less than 10μb. The agreement with the data is even better than the ones from sophisticated Coupled-channels calculations. This simple expression also applies to fusion reactions in lighter systems. Here, the three parameters contained in this formula vary in a relatively smooth fashion over the whole mass range, and can be used to extrapolate cross sections or to obtain an estimate of the excitation function for systems which have not been measured. Extensions and restrictions of this method are also discussed.

Authors:

Jiang, C. L. ^[1]; Rehm, K. E. ^[1]; Back, B. B. ^[1]; Stefanini, A. M. ^[2]; Montagnoli, G. ^[3]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Lab Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro (Italy)
Univ. di Padova, Padova (Italy)

Publication Date:: Mon Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1498066

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: European Physical Journal. A

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 54; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1434-6001

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Jiang, C. L., Rehm, K. E., Back, B. B., Stefanini, A. M., and Montagnoli, G. Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1140/epja/i2018-12655-6.

Copy to clipboard


                    Jiang, C. L., Rehm, K. E., Back, B. B., Stefanini, A. M., & Montagnoli, G. Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12655-6

Copy to clipboard


                    Jiang, C. L., Rehm, K. E., Back, B. B., Stefanini, A. M., and Montagnoli, G. Mon .  
"Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12655-6.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1498066.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1498066,

  title        = {Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution},

  author       = {Jiang, C. L. and Rehm, K. E. and Back, B. B. and Stefanini, A. M. and Montagnoli, G.},

  abstractNote = {Heavy-ion fusion hindrance occurs at extreme sub-barrier energies. This behavior is well reproduced with a simple cross section formula, which was developed by Siwek-Wilczynska et al., based on a single-Gaussian distribution of fusion barrier heights, before the discovery of the hindrance phenomenon. This expression has not yet been widely used and referenced in the literature. An analysis by using this simple formula is presented for 29 systems, from 16O + 18O to 64Ni + 124Sn , all being measured down to less than 10μb. The agreement with the data is even better than the ones from sophisticated Coupled-channels calculations. This simple expression also applies to fusion reactions in lighter systems. Here, the three parameters contained in this formula vary in a relatively smooth fashion over the whole mass range, and can be used to extrapolate cross sections or to obtain an estimate of the excitation function for systems which have not been measured. Extensions and restrictions of this method are also discussed.},

  doi          = {10.1140/epja/i2018-12655-6},

  journal      = {European Physical Journal. A},

  number       = 12,

  volume       = 54,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Mon Dec 17 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12655-6

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 12 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Sub-barrier fusion of ${}^{28, 30}{Si}$ with ${}^{24, 26}{Mg}$
journal, March 1990

Morsad, A.; Kolata, J. J.; Tighe, R. J.
Physical Review C, Vol. 41, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.41.988

Fusion reactions of ${}^{58, 64}{Ni} + {}^{124}{Sn}$
journal, April 2015

Jiang, C. L.; Stefanini, A. M.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 91, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.91.044602

Fusion of ${}^{16}O$ + ${}^{148, 150, 152, 154}{Sm}$ at sub-barrier energies
journal, June 1980

Stokstad, R. G.; Eisen, Y.; Kaplanis, S.
Physical Review C, Vol. 21, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.21.2427

Expectations for ${}^{12}C$ and ${}^{16}O$ induced fusion cross sections at energies of astrophysical interest
journal, January 2007

Jiang, C. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Back, B. B.
Physical Review C, Vol. 75, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.75.015803

Fusion of ${}^{28}{Si} + {}^{28, 30}{Si}$ : Different trends at sub-barrier energies
journal, October 2014

Montagnoli, G.; Stefanini, A. M.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 90, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.90.044608

Fusion near the threshold: A comparative study of the systems 40Ar + 112, 116, 122sn and 40Ar + 144, 148, 154Sm
journal, May 1985

Reisdorf, W.; Hessberger, F. P.; Hildenbrand, K. D.
Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 438, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0375-9474(85)90125-3

A program for coupled-channel calculations with all order couplings for heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, December 1999

Hagino, K.; Rowley, N.; Kruppa, A. T.
Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 123, Issue 1-3
DOI: 10.1016/S0010-4655(99)00243-X

Neutron flow between nuclei as the principal enhancement mechanism in heavy-ion subbarrier fusion
journal, April 1988

Stelson, P. H.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 205, Issue 2-3
DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(88)91647-4

Fusion hindrance for ${}^{58}{Ni} + {}^{54}{Fe}$
journal, July 2010

Stefanini, A. M.; Montagnoli, G.; Corradi, L.
Physical Review C, Vol. 82, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.014614

Fusion Hindrance for a Positive- $Q$ -Value System ${}^{24}{Mg} + {}^{30}{Si}$
journal, July 2014

Jiang, C. L.; Stefanini, A. M.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.022701

Effects of transfer channels on near- and sub-barrier fusion of $^{32}$ S $+$ $^{48}$ Ca
journal, January 2013

Montagnoli, G.; Stefanini, A. M.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 87, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.014611

Sub-barrier fusion of the oxygen isotopes: A more complete picture
journal, May 1986

Thomas, J.; Chen, Y. T.; Hinds, S.
Physical Review C, Vol. 33, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.33.1679

Empirical nucleus-nucleus potential deduced from fusion excitation functions
journal, February 2004

Siwek-Wilczyńska, K.; Wilczyński, J.
Physical Review C, Vol. 69, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.69.024611

Recent developments in heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, March 2014

Back, B. B.; Esbensen, H.; Jiang, C. L.
Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 86, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.86.317

First evidence of fusion hindrance for a small Q-value system
journal, August 2006

Jiang, C. L.; Back, B. B.; Esbensen, H.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 640, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2006.07.007

Fusion and compound nuclei decay for light and intermediate-mass systems: ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , ${}^{28}{Si}$ + ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ + ${}^{24, 26}{Mg}$ , ${}^{28}{Si}$ + ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , ${}^{28, 29, 30}{Si}$
journal, April 1982

Gary, S.; Volant, C.
Physical Review C, Vol. 25, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.25.1877

Exploring Fusion at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies with Weakly Bound Nuclei
journal, December 2009

Shrivastava, A.; Navin, A.; Lemasson, A.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 23
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.232702

Fusion of 40Ca + 96Zr revisited: Transfer couplings and hindrance far below the barrier
journal, January 2014

Stefanini, A. M.; Montagnoli, G.; Esbensen, H.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 728
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.12.048

Indications of a shallow potential in ${}^{48}{Ca} + {}^{96}{Zr}$ fusion reactions
journal, June 2009

Esbensen, H.; Jiang, C. L.
Physical Review C, Vol. 79, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.79.064619

Fusion hindrance for ${}^{27}{Al} + {}^{45}{Sc}$ and other systems with a positive $Q$ value
journal, February 2010

Jiang, C. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 81, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.81.024611

Fusion of the positive $Q$ -value system ${}^{36}S + {}^{48}{Ca}$ well below the Coulomb barrier
journal, October 2008

Stefanini, A. M.; Montagnoli, G.; Silvestri, R.
Physical Review C, Vol. 78, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.044607

Dissipative quantum dynamics in low-energy collisions of complex nuclei
journal, December 2008

Diaz-Torres, A.; Hinde, D. J.; Dasgupta, M.
Physical Review C, Vol. 78, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.064604

The fusion of 12C and 16O with 28,29,30Si
journal, October 1979

Jordan, W. J.; Maher, J. V.; Peng, J. C.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 87, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(79)90012-1

Reconciling deformation parameters from fusion with those from Coulomb excitation
journal, February 1993

Leigh, J. R.; Rowley, N.; Lemmon, R. C.
Physical Review C, Vol. 47, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.47.R437

Hindrance of Heavy-Ion Fusion due to Nuclear Incompressibility
journal, March 2006

Mişicu, Ş.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.112701

How the Pauli exclusion principle affects fusion of atomic nuclei
journal, March 2017

Simenel, C.; Umar, A. S.; Godbey, K.
Physical Review C, Vol. 95, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.95.031601

Signature of Smooth Transition from Sudden to Adiabatic States in Heavy-Ion Fusion Reactions at Deep Sub-Barrier Energies
journal, November 2009

Ichikawa, Takatoshi; Hagino, Kouichi; Iwamoto, Akira
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 20
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.202701

Signature of shallow potentials in deep sub-barrier fusion reactions
journal, March 2007

Mişicu, Ş.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 75, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.75.034606

Dynamic Influence of Valence Neutrons upon the Complete Fusion of Massive Nuclei
journal, November 1980

Beckerman, M.; Salomaa, M.; Sperduto, A.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.1472

How does fusion hindrance show up in medium-light systems? The case of 48Ca+48Ca
journal, August 2009

Stefanini, A. M.; Montagnoli, G.; Silvestri, R.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 679, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2009.07.017

Fusion hindrance for Ca $+$ Ca systems: Influence of neutron excess
journal, October 2010

Jiang, C. L.; Stefanini, A. M.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 82, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.041601

Fusion hindrance at deep sub-barrier energies for the ${}^{11}B + {}^{197}{Au}$ system
journal, September 2017

Shrivastava, A.; Mahata, K.; Nanal, V.
Physical Review C, Vol. 96, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.96.034620

Damping of quantum vibrations revealed in deep sub-barrier fusion
journal, July 2013

Ichikawa, Takatoshi; Matsuyanagi, Kenichi
Physical Review C, Vol. 88, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.88.011602

Fusion cross section behavior for ${}^{12}C$ + ${}^{24}{Mg}$ and ${}^{12}C$ + ${}^{26}{Mg}$
journal, March 1982

Daneshvar, K.; Kovar, D. G.; Krieger, S. J.
Physical Review C, Vol. 25, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.25.1342

Fusion hindrance for a positive $Q$ -value system
journal, July 2008

Jiang, C. L.; Back, B. B.; Esbensen, H.
Physical Review C, Vol. 78, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.017601

Subbarrier Fusion Reactions and Many-Particle Quantum Tunneling
journal, December 2012

Hagino, K.; Takigawa, N.
Progress of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 128, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1143/PTP.128.1061

Analysis of heavy-ion fusion reactions at extreme sub-barrier energies using the proximity formalism
journal, November 2013

Ghodsi, O. N.; Gharaei, R.
Physical Review C, Vol. 88, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.88.054617

Role of the cluster structure of 7Li in the dynamics of fragment capture
journal, January 2013

Shrivastava, A.; Navin, A.; Diaz-Torres, A.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 718, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.11.064

Fission following fusion of Ni + Sn
journal, December 1986

Lesko, K. T.; Henning, W.; Rehm, K. E.
Physical Review C, Vol. 34, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.34.2155

Coupled-channels analysis of the $^{16} O +^{208} Pb$ fusion barrier distribution
journal, August 1999

Morton, C. R.; Berriman, A. C.; Dasgupta, M.
Physical Review C, Vol. 60, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.044608

Angular Momentum Distributions in Subbarrier Fusion Reactions
journal, December 1992

Vandenbosch, R.
Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 42, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ns.42.120192.002311

Unexpected Behavior of Heavy-Ion Fusion Cross Sections at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies
journal, July 2002

Jiang, C. L.; Esbensen, H.; Rehm, K. E.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.052701

Influence of Nuclear Structure on Sub-Barrier Hindrance in $N i + N i$ Fusion
journal, June 2004

Jiang, C. L.; Rehm, K. E.; Janssens, R. V. F.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.012701

Fusion hindrance for the positive $Q$ -value system ${}^{12}C + {}^{30}{Si}$
journal, February 2018

Montagnoli, G.; Stefanini, A. M.; Jiang, C. L.
Physical Review C, Vol. 97, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.97.024610

Measuring Barriers to Fusion
journal, December 1998

Dasgupta, M.; Hinde, D. J.; Rowley, N.
Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 48, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nucl.48.1.401

$^{64} Ni +^{64} Ni$ fusion reaction calculated with the density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock formalism
journal, June 2008

Umar, A. S.; Oberacker, V. E.
Physical Review C, Vol. 77, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.064605

Analysis of heavy-ion fusion reactions at extreme sub-barrier energies
journal, January 2004

Jiang, C. L.; Esbensen, H.; Back, B. B.
Physical Review C, Vol. 69, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.69.014604

Fusion of $^{40} Ca +^{40} Ca$ and other $Ca + Ca$ systems near and below the barrier
journal, February 2012

Montagnoli, G.; Stefanini, A. M.; Jiang, C. L.
Physical Review C, Vol. 85, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.024607

On the “distribution of barriers” interpretation of heavy-ion fusion
journal, January 1991

Rowley, N.; Satchler, G. R.; Stelson, P. H.
Physics Letters B, Vol. 254, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90389-8

Subbarrier fusion of atomic nuclei
journal, December 1985

Beckerman, M.
Physics Reports, Vol. 129, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/0370-1573(85)90058-4

Effect of Nuclear Deformation on Heavy-Ion Fusion
journal, August 1978

Stokstad, R. G.; Eisen, Y.; Kaplanis, S.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.41.465

Beyond the Coherent Coupled Channels Description of Nuclear Fusion
journal, November 2007

Dasgupta, M.; Hinde, D. J.; Diaz-Torres, A.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 19
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.192701

Barrier distributions from the fusion of oxygen ions with ${}^{144, 148, 154}{Sm}$ and ${}^{186}W$
journal, December 1995

Leigh, J. R.; Dasgupta, M.; Hinde, D. J.
Physical Review C, Vol. 52, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.3151

Interaction Barrier in Charged-Particle Nuclear Reactions
journal, September 1973

Wong, C. Y.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 31, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.31.766

Recent experimental results in sub- and near-barrier heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, August 2017

Montagnoli, Giovanna; Stefanini, Alberto M.
The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 53, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1140/epja/i2017-12350-2

Existence of a one-body barrier revealed in deep subbarrier fusion
journal, May 2007

Ichikawa, Takatoshi; Hagino, Kouichi; Iwamoto, Akira
Physical Review C, Vol. 75, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.75.057603

Channel-coupling effects in heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, August 1983

Dasso, C. H.; Landowne, S.; Winther, A.
Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 405, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/0375-9474(83)90578-X

Fusability and fissionability in 86Kr-induced reactions near and below the fusion barrier
journal, October 1985

Reisdorf, W.; Hessberger, F. P.; Hildenbrand, K. D.
Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 444, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/0375-9474(85)90296-9

A study of Q-value effects on barrier penetration
journal, October 1983

Dasso, C. H.; Landowne, S.; Winther, A.
Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 407, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/0375-9474(83)90316-0

Density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculation of 16O + 208Pb fusion cross-sections
journal, January 2009

Umar, A. S.; Oberacker, V. E.
The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 39, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1140/epja/i2008-10712-5

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Fusion of ¹²C+²⁴Mg far below the barrier: Evidence for the hindrance effect

Journal Article Montagnoli, G. ; Stefanini, A. M. ; Jiang, C. L. ; ... - Physical Review C

Background: The phenomenon of fusion hindrance may have important consequences on the nuclear processes occurring in astrophysical scenarios, if it is a general behavior of heavy-ion fusion at extreme subbarrier energies, including reactions involving lighter systems, e.g., reactions in the carbon and oxygen burning stages of heavy stars. The hindrance is generally identified by the observation of a maximum of the S-factor vs energy. Whether there is an S-factor maximum at very low energies for systems with a positive fusion Q value is an experimentally challenging question. Purpose: Our aim has been to search for evidence of fusion hindrance inmore »« less
Cited by 10
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.101.044608

Full Text Available
Angular momentum effects and barrier modification in sub-barrier fusion reactions using the proximity potential in the Wong formula

Journal Article Kumar, Raj ; Bansal, Manie ; Arun, Sham K ; ... - Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics

Using the capture cross-section data from {sup 48}Ca+{sup 238}U, {sup 48}Ca+{sup 244}Pu, and {sup 48}Ca+{sup 248}Cm reactions in the superheavy mass region, and fusion-evaporation cross sections from {sup 58}Ni+{sup 58}Ni, {sup 64}Ni+{sup 64}Ni, and {sup 64}Ni+{sup 100}Mo reactions known for fusion hindrance phenomenon in coupled-channels calculations, the Wong formula is assessed for its angular momentum and barrier-modification effects at sub-barrier energies. The simple, l=0 barrier-based Wong formula is shown to ignore the modifications of the barrier due to its inbuilt l dependence via l summation, which is found to be adequate enough to explain the capture cross sections for allmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVC.80.034618
Hindrance of {sup 16}O+{sup 208}Pb fusion at extreme sub-barrier energies

Journal Article Esbensen, Henning ; Misicu, Serban ; National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Bucharest, P. O. Box MG6 - Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics

We analyze the fusion data for {sup 16}O+{sup 208}Pb using coupled-channels calculations. We include couplings to the low-lying surface excitations of the projectile and target and study the effect of the ({sup 16}O,{sup 17}O) one-neutron pickup. The hindrance of the fusion data that is observed at energies far below the Coulomb barrier cannot be explained by a conventional ion-ion potential and defining the fusion in terms of ingoing-wave boundary conditions (IWBC). We show that the hindrance can be explained fairly well by applying the M3Y double-folding potential which has been corrected with a calibrated, repulsive term that simulates the effectmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVC.76.054609
Hindrance of heavy-ion fusion at extreme sub-barrier energies in open-shell colliding systems

Journal Article Jiang, C L ; Rehm, K E ; Esbensen, H ; ... - Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics

The excitation function for the fusion-evaporation reaction {sup 64}Ni+{sup 100}Mo has been measured down to a cross section of {approx}5 nb. Extensive coupled-channels calculations have been performed, which cannot reproduce the steep falloff of the excitation function at extreme sub-barrier energies. Thus, this system exhibits a hindrance for fusion, a phenomenon that has been discovered only recently. In the S-factor representation introduced to quantify the hindrance, a maximum is observed at E{sub s}=120.6 MeV, which corresponds to 90% of the reference energy E{sub s}{sup ref}, a value expected from systematics of closed-shell systems. A systematic analysis of Ni-induced fusion reactionsmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.71.044613
Production cross sections of elements near the $N = 126$ shell in ${}^{48}{Ca}$ -induced reactions with ${}^{154}{Gd}, {}^{159}{Tb}, {}^{162}{Dy}$ , and ${}^{165}{Ho}$ targets

Journal Article Mayorov, D. A. ; Werke, T. A. ; Alfonso, M. C. ; ... - Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics

Excitation functions for shell-stabilized evaporation residues produced in 48 Ca -induced reactions with 154 Gd , 159 Tb , 162 Dy , and 165 Ho targets have been measured in experiments performed at the Cyclotron Institute at Texas A&M University. The examined energy range predominantly covers the 3 n and 4 n evaporation channels with higher cross sections measured for the 4 n products. The σ 4 n are nearly invariant within experimental uncertainty in reactions with 159 Tb , 162 Dy , and 165 Ho with the maxima at 12.6 ± 1.9, 12.6 ± 1.7, and 9.4 ± 1.3more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.90.024602

Similar Records

Title: Reproducing heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies with a simple formula: Analysis of fusion hindrance with a Gaussian barrier distribution

Abstract

Citation Formats

Sub-barrier fusion of Si 2 8 , 3 0 with Mg 2 4 , 2 6 journal, March 1990

Fusion reactions of Ni 58 , 64 + Sn 124 journal, April 2015

Fusion of O 16 + Sm 1 4 8 , 1 5 0 , 1 5 2 , 1 5 4 at sub-barrier energies journal, June 1980

Expectations for C 12 and O 16 induced fusion cross sections at energies of astrophysical interest journal, January 2007

Fusion of Si 28 + Si 28 , 30 : Different trends at sub-barrier energies journal, October 2014

Fusion near the threshold: A comparative study of the systems 40Ar + 112, 116, 122sn and 40Ar + 144, 148, 154Sm journal, May 1985

A program for coupled-channel calculations with all order couplings for heavy-ion fusion reactions journal, December 1999

Neutron flow between nuclei as the principal enhancement mechanism in heavy-ion subbarrier fusion journal, April 1988

Fusion hindrance for Ni 58 + Fe 54 journal, July 2010

Fusion Hindrance for a Positive- Q -Value System Mg 24 + Si 30 journal, July 2014

Effects of transfer channels on near- and sub-barrier fusion of 32 S + 48 Ca journal, January 2013

Sub-barrier fusion of the oxygen isotopes: A more complete picture journal, May 1986

Empirical nucleus-nucleus potential deduced from fusion excitation functions journal, February 2004

Recent developments in heavy-ion fusion reactions journal, March 2014

First evidence of fusion hindrance for a small Q-value system journal, August 2006

Fusion and compound nuclei decay for light and intermediate-mass systems: Mg 24 , Si 28 + C 12 , Mg 24 + Mg 2 4 , 2 6 , Si 28 + Mg 24 , Si 2 8 , 2 9 , 3 0 journal, April 1982

Exploring Fusion at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies with Weakly Bound Nuclei journal, December 2009

Fusion of 40Ca + 96Zr revisited: Transfer couplings and hindrance far below the barrier journal, January 2014

Indications of a shallow potential in Ca 48 + Zr 96 fusion reactions journal, June 2009

Fusion hindrance for Al 27 + Sc 45 and other systems with a positive Q value journal, February 2010

Fusion of the positive Q -value system S 36 + Ca 48 well below the Coulomb barrier journal, October 2008

Dissipative quantum dynamics in low-energy collisions of complex nuclei journal, December 2008

The fusion of 12C and 16O with 28,29,30Si journal, October 1979

Reconciling deformation parameters from fusion with those from Coulomb excitation journal, February 1993

Hindrance of Heavy-Ion Fusion due to Nuclear Incompressibility journal, March 2006

How the Pauli exclusion principle affects fusion of atomic nuclei journal, March 2017

Signature of Smooth Transition from Sudden to Adiabatic States in Heavy-Ion Fusion Reactions at Deep Sub-Barrier Energies journal, November 2009

Signature of shallow potentials in deep sub-barrier fusion reactions journal, March 2007

Dynamic Influence of Valence Neutrons upon the Complete Fusion of Massive Nuclei journal, November 1980

How does fusion hindrance show up in medium-light systems? The case of 48Ca+48Ca journal, August 2009

Fusion hindrance for Ca + Ca systems: Influence of neutron excess journal, October 2010

Fusion hindrance at deep sub-barrier energies for the B 11 + Au 197 system journal, September 2017

Damping of quantum vibrations revealed in deep sub-barrier fusion journal, July 2013

Fusion cross section behavior for C 12 + Mg 24 and C 12 + Mg 26 journal, March 1982

Fusion hindrance for a positive Q -value system journal, July 2008

Subbarrier Fusion Reactions and Many-Particle Quantum Tunneling journal, December 2012

Analysis of heavy-ion fusion reactions at extreme sub-barrier energies using the proximity formalism journal, November 2013

Role of the cluster structure of 7Li in the dynamics of fragment capture journal, January 2013

Fission following fusion of Ni + Sn journal, December 1986

Coupled-channels analysis of the 16 O + 208 Pb fusion barrier distribution journal, August 1999

Angular Momentum Distributions in Subbarrier Fusion Reactions journal, December 1992

Unexpected Behavior of Heavy-Ion Fusion Cross Sections at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies journal, July 2002

Influence of Nuclear Structure on Sub-Barrier Hindrance in N i + N i Fusion journal, June 2004

Fusion hindrance for the positive Q -value system C 12 + Si 30 journal, February 2018

Measuring Barriers to Fusion journal, December 1998

64 Ni + 64 Ni fusion reaction calculated with the density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock formalism journal, June 2008

Analysis of heavy-ion fusion reactions at extreme sub-barrier energies journal, January 2004

Fusion of 40 Ca + 40 Ca and other Ca + Ca systems near and below the barrier journal, February 2012

On the “distribution of barriers” interpretation of heavy-ion fusion journal, January 1991

Subbarrier fusion of atomic nuclei journal, December 1985

Effect of Nuclear Deformation on Heavy-Ion Fusion journal, August 1978

Beyond the Coherent Coupled Channels Description of Nuclear Fusion journal, November 2007

Barrier distributions from the fusion of oxygen ions with Sm 1 4 4 , 1 4 8 , 1 5 4 and W 186 journal, December 1995

Interaction Barrier in Charged-Particle Nuclear Reactions journal, September 1973

Recent experimental results in sub- and near-barrier heavy-ion fusion reactions journal, August 2017

Existence of a one-body barrier revealed in deep subbarrier fusion journal, May 2007

Channel-coupling effects in heavy-ion fusion reactions journal, August 1983

Fusability and fissionability in 86Kr-induced reactions near and below the fusion barrier journal, October 1985

A study of Q-value effects on barrier penetration journal, October 1983

Density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculation of 16O + 208Pb fusion cross-sections journal, January 2009

Sub-barrier fusion of ${}^{28, 30}{Si}$ with ${}^{24, 26}{Mg}$
journal, March 1990

Fusion reactions of ${}^{58, 64}{Ni} + {}^{124}{Sn}$
journal, April 2015

Fusion of ${}^{16}O$ + ${}^{148, 150, 152, 154}{Sm}$ at sub-barrier energies
journal, June 1980

Expectations for ${}^{12}C$ and ${}^{16}O$ induced fusion cross sections at energies of astrophysical interest
journal, January 2007

Fusion of ${}^{28}{Si} + {}^{28, 30}{Si}$ : Different trends at sub-barrier energies
journal, October 2014

Fusion near the threshold: A comparative study of the systems 40Ar + 112, 116, 122sn and 40Ar + 144, 148, 154Sm
journal, May 1985

A program for coupled-channel calculations with all order couplings for heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, December 1999

Neutron flow between nuclei as the principal enhancement mechanism in heavy-ion subbarrier fusion
journal, April 1988

Fusion hindrance for ${}^{58}{Ni} + {}^{54}{Fe}$
journal, July 2010

Fusion Hindrance for a Positive- $Q$ -Value System ${}^{24}{Mg} + {}^{30}{Si}$
journal, July 2014

Effects of transfer channels on near- and sub-barrier fusion of $^{32}$ S $+$ $^{48}$ Ca
journal, January 2013

Sub-barrier fusion of the oxygen isotopes: A more complete picture
journal, May 1986

Empirical nucleus-nucleus potential deduced from fusion excitation functions
journal, February 2004

Recent developments in heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, March 2014

First evidence of fusion hindrance for a small Q-value system
journal, August 2006

Fusion and compound nuclei decay for light and intermediate-mass systems: ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , ${}^{28}{Si}$ + ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ + ${}^{24, 26}{Mg}$ , ${}^{28}{Si}$ + ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , ${}^{28, 29, 30}{Si}$
journal, April 1982

Exploring Fusion at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies with Weakly Bound Nuclei
journal, December 2009

Fusion of 40Ca + 96Zr revisited: Transfer couplings and hindrance far below the barrier
journal, January 2014

Indications of a shallow potential in ${}^{48}{Ca} + {}^{96}{Zr}$ fusion reactions
journal, June 2009

Fusion hindrance for ${}^{27}{Al} + {}^{45}{Sc}$ and other systems with a positive $Q$ value
journal, February 2010

Fusion of the positive $Q$ -value system ${}^{36}S + {}^{48}{Ca}$ well below the Coulomb barrier
journal, October 2008

Dissipative quantum dynamics in low-energy collisions of complex nuclei
journal, December 2008

The fusion of 12C and 16O with 28,29,30Si
journal, October 1979

Reconciling deformation parameters from fusion with those from Coulomb excitation
journal, February 1993

Hindrance of Heavy-Ion Fusion due to Nuclear Incompressibility
journal, March 2006

How the Pauli exclusion principle affects fusion of atomic nuclei
journal, March 2017

Signature of Smooth Transition from Sudden to Adiabatic States in Heavy-Ion Fusion Reactions at Deep Sub-Barrier Energies
journal, November 2009

Signature of shallow potentials in deep sub-barrier fusion reactions
journal, March 2007

Dynamic Influence of Valence Neutrons upon the Complete Fusion of Massive Nuclei
journal, November 1980

How does fusion hindrance show up in medium-light systems? The case of 48Ca+48Ca
journal, August 2009

Fusion hindrance for Ca $+$ Ca systems: Influence of neutron excess
journal, October 2010

Fusion hindrance at deep sub-barrier energies for the ${}^{11}B + {}^{197}{Au}$ system
journal, September 2017

Damping of quantum vibrations revealed in deep sub-barrier fusion
journal, July 2013

Fusion cross section behavior for ${}^{12}C$ + ${}^{24}{Mg}$ and ${}^{12}C$ + ${}^{26}{Mg}$
journal, March 1982

Fusion hindrance for a positive $Q$ -value system
journal, July 2008

Subbarrier Fusion Reactions and Many-Particle Quantum Tunneling
journal, December 2012

Analysis of heavy-ion fusion reactions at extreme sub-barrier energies using the proximity formalism
journal, November 2013

Role of the cluster structure of 7Li in the dynamics of fragment capture
journal, January 2013

Fission following fusion of Ni + Sn
journal, December 1986

Coupled-channels analysis of the $^{16} O +^{208} Pb$ fusion barrier distribution
journal, August 1999

Angular Momentum Distributions in Subbarrier Fusion Reactions
journal, December 1992

Unexpected Behavior of Heavy-Ion Fusion Cross Sections at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies
journal, July 2002

Influence of Nuclear Structure on Sub-Barrier Hindrance in $N i + N i$ Fusion
journal, June 2004

Fusion hindrance for the positive $Q$ -value system ${}^{12}C + {}^{30}{Si}$
journal, February 2018

Measuring Barriers to Fusion
journal, December 1998

$^{64} Ni +^{64} Ni$ fusion reaction calculated with the density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock formalism
journal, June 2008

Analysis of heavy-ion fusion reactions at extreme sub-barrier energies
journal, January 2004

Fusion of $^{40} Ca +^{40} Ca$ and other $Ca + Ca$ systems near and below the barrier
journal, February 2012

On the “distribution of barriers” interpretation of heavy-ion fusion
journal, January 1991

Subbarrier fusion of atomic nuclei
journal, December 1985

Effect of Nuclear Deformation on Heavy-Ion Fusion
journal, August 1978

Beyond the Coherent Coupled Channels Description of Nuclear Fusion
journal, November 2007

Barrier distributions from the fusion of oxygen ions with ${}^{144, 148, 154}{Sm}$ and ${}^{186}W$
journal, December 1995

Interaction Barrier in Charged-Particle Nuclear Reactions
journal, September 1973

Recent experimental results in sub- and near-barrier heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, August 2017

Existence of a one-body barrier revealed in deep subbarrier fusion
journal, May 2007

Channel-coupling effects in heavy-ion fusion reactions
journal, August 1983

Fusability and fissionability in 86Kr-induced reactions near and below the fusion barrier
journal, October 1985

A study of Q-value effects on barrier penetration
journal, October 1983

Density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculation of 16O + 208Pb fusion cross-sections
journal, January 2009