Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.115015

Title: Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons

Abstract

We consider generic neutrino dipole portals between left-handed neutrinos, photons, and right-handed heavy neutral leptons (HNL) with Dirac masses. The dominance of this portal significantly alters the conventional phenomenology of HNLs. We derive a comprehensive set of constraints on the dipole portal to HNLs by utilizing data from LEP, LHC, MiniBooNE, LSND as well as observations of Supernova 1987A and consistency of the standard big bang nucleosynthesis. We calculate projected sensitivities from the proposed high-intensity SHiP beam dump experiment, and the ongoing experiments at the Short-Baseline Neutrino facility at Fermilab. Dipole mediated Primakoff neutrino upscattering and Dalitz-like meson decays are found to be the main production mechanisms in most of the parametric regime under consideration. In conclusion, proposed explanations of LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies based on HNLs with dipole-induced decays are found to be severely constrained, or to be tested in the future experiments.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Pospelov, Maxim ^[2];

^[3]

Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON (Canada); McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON (Canada)
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON (Canada); Univ. of Victoria, Victoria, BC (Canada); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: 2018-12-11

Research Org.:: Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP) (SC-25)

OSTI Identifier:: 1497099

Report Number(s):: arXiv:1803.03262; FERMILAB-PUB-18-745-A
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010; PRVDAQ; 1659293

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 98; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Citation Formats


                    Magill, Gabriel, Plestid, Ryan, Pospelov, Maxim, and Tsai, Yu -Dai. Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
        Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.115015.

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                    Magill, Gabriel, Plestid, Ryan, Pospelov, Maxim, & Tsai, Yu -Dai. Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons.  United States.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.115015.

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                    Magill, Gabriel, Plestid, Ryan, Pospelov, Maxim, and Tsai, Yu -Dai. Tue .  
        "Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons".  United States.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.115015.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1497099.

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@article{osti_1497099,

  title        = {Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons},

  author       = {Magill, Gabriel and Plestid, Ryan and Pospelov, Maxim and Tsai, Yu -Dai},

  abstractNote = {We consider generic neutrino dipole portals between left-handed neutrinos, photons, and right-handed heavy neutral leptons (HNL) with Dirac masses. The dominance of this portal significantly alters the conventional phenomenology of HNLs. We derive a comprehensive set of constraints on the dipole portal to HNLs by utilizing data from LEP, LHC, MiniBooNE, LSND as well as observations of Supernova 1987A and consistency of the standard big bang nucleosynthesis. We calculate projected sensitivities from the proposed high-intensity SHiP beam dump experiment, and the ongoing experiments at the Short-Baseline Neutrino facility at Fermilab. Dipole mediated Primakoff neutrino upscattering and Dalitz-like meson decays are found to be the main production mechanisms in most of the parametric regime under consideration. In conclusion, proposed explanations of LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies based on HNLs with dipole-induced decays are found to be severely constrained, or to be tested in the future experiments.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.98.115015},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 98,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2018},

  month        = {12}

}

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DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.98.115015

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Figure 1: Overview of projected sensitivities (95% CL) and constraints obtained from SHiP, LHC, LEP, Supernova 1987A and experiments at the Short-Baseline Neutrino facility at Fermilab. We also show previously calculated favored regions of interest (ROI) in parameter space for MiniBooNE and LSND, and constraints from NOMAD. Limits are shownmore »

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Physical Review D, Vol. 94, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.94.085012

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Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.

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Exploring portals to a hidden sector through fixed targets

Journal Article Batell, Brian ; Pospelov, Maxim ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 1A1 Canada ; ... - Physical Review. D, Particles Fields

We discuss the sensitivity of neutrino experiments at the luminosity frontier to generic hidden sectors containing new (sub)-GeV neutral states. The weak interaction of these states with the standard model can be efficiently probed through all of the allowed renormalizable 'portals' (in the Higgs, vector, and neutrino sectors) at fixed target proton beam facilities, with complementary sensitivity to colliders. We concentrate on the kinetic-mixing vector portal, and show that certain regions of the parameter space for a new U(1){sub S} gauge sector with long-lived sub-GeV mass states decaying to standard model leptons are already severely constrained by the data setsmore »« less
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.80.095024
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Journal Article Gninenko, S. N. - Physical Review. D, Particles Fields

This work has attempted to reconcile puzzling neutrino oscillation results from the LSND, KARMEN, and MiniBooNE experiments. We show that the LSND evidence for {nu}{sub {mu}}{yields}{nu}e oscillations, its long-standing disagreement with the results from KARMEN, and the anomalous event excess observed by MiniBooNE in {nu}{sub {mu}} and {nu}{sub {mu}} data could all be explained by the existence of a heavy sterile neutrino ({nu}{sub h}). All these results are found to be consistent with each other, assuming that the {nu}{sub h} is created in {nu}{sub {mu}} neutral-current interactions and decays radiatively into a photon and a light neutrino. Assuming the {nu}{submore »« less
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Can a {open_quote}{open_quote}natural{close_quote}{close_quote} three-generation neutrino mixing scheme satisfy everything?

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We examine the potential for a {open_quote}{open_quote}natural{close_quote}{close_quote} three-neutrino mixing scheme to satisfy available data and astrophysical arguments. By {open_quote}{open_quote}natural{close_quote}{close_quote} we mean no sterile neutrinos, and a neutrino mass hierarchy similar to that of the charged leptons. We seek to satisfy (or solve) (1) accelerator and reactor neutrino oscillation constraints, including LSND, (2) the atmospheric muon neutrino deficit problem, (3) the solar neutrino problem, (4) {ital r}-process nucleosynthesis in neutrino-heated supernova ejecta, and (5) cold+hot dark matter models. We argue that putative supernova {ital r}-process nucleosynthesis bounds on two-neutrino flavor mixing can be applied directly to three-neutrino mixing in the casemore »« less
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Title: Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons

Abstract

Citation Formats

Figures / Tables:

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Heavy neutrino decays at MiniBooNE journal, January 2013

Sterile neutrinos as dark matter journal, January 1994

The NOMAD Experiment at CERN journal, January 2014

Review of Particle Physics journal, October 2016

The NOMAD experiment at the CERN SPS journal, February 1998

Heavy-neutrino decays at neutrino telescopes journal, May 2011

Photon-Neutrino Interactions journal, July 1997

Right-handed neutrino magnetic moments journal, July 2009

Heavy neutral leptons at FASER journal, May 2018

Muon capture constraints on sterile neutrino properties journal, December 2010

Measurement of electron-neutrino electron elastic scattering journal, May 2001

New limits on radiative sterile neutrino decays from a search for single photons in neutrino interactions journal, March 2012

Ordinary and radiative muon capture on the proton and the pseudoscalar form factor of the nucleon journal, April 2001

Relativistic ⟨ σ v rel ⟩ in the calculation of relics abundances: A closer look journal, May 2014

Electromagnetic properties of dark matter: Dipole moments and charge form factor journal, January 2011

The seesaw portal in testable models of neutrino masses journal, June 2017

Neutrino flux prediction at MiniBooNE journal, April 2009

FeynRules – Feynman rules made easy journal, September 2009

W - Z interference in ν -nucleus scattering journal, May 1988

Spherically Symmetric Simulation with Boltzmann Neutrino Transport of Core Collapse and Postbounce Evolution of a 15 [ITAL]M[/ITAL][TINF]⊙[/TINF] Star journal, August 2000

Supernovas and light neutralinos: SN 1987A bounds on supersymmetry reexamined journal, September 2003

The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations journal, July 2014

Single-photon signals at CERN LEP in supersymmetric models with a light gravitino journal, May 1997

Nucleon electromagnetic form factors journal, October 2007

Improved parametrization of K + production in p − B e collisions at low energy using Feynman scaling journal, December 2011

High energy photon-neutrino elastic scattering journal, March 2001

Heavy neutral fermions at the high-luminosity LHC journal, July 2018

MiniBooNE Anomaly and Heavy Neutrino Decay journal, December 2009

The Reaction γ + γ → ν + ν ¯ journal, January 1961

Nuclear form factor, validity of the equivalent photon approximation and Coulomb corrections to muon pair production in photon–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions journal, September 2009

Single photon background to ν e appearance at MiniBooNE journal, July 2011

Cosmological constraints on the neutrino mass including systematic uncertainties journal, October 2017

BBN for the LHC: Constraints on lifetimes of the Higgs portal scalars journal, October 2017

Evidence for ν ¯ μ → ν ¯ e Oscillations from the LSND Experiment at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility journal, October 1996

Decay L 0 → ν l γ in gauge theories of weak and electromagnetic interactions journal, February 1974

On particle production for high energy neutrino beams journal, April 2001

MeV-scale sterile neutrino decays at the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program journal, April 2017

Search for supersymmetry in events with a photon, a lepton, and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV journal, June 2016

Light scalars and dark photons in Borexino and LSND experiments journal, October 2018

Limits on the magnetic moment of sterile neutrino and two-photon neutrino decay journal, March 1999

Measurement of single photon production in e+e− collisions near the Z0 resonance journal, March 1995

The νMSM, dark matter and baryon asymmetry of the universe journal, July 2005

Sterile neutrinos in cosmology journal, November 2017

FeynRules 2.0 — A complete toolbox for tree-level phenomenology journal, August 2014

Physical processes involving Majorana neutrinos journal, January 1982

Resolution of puzzles from the LSND, KARMEN, and MiniBooNE experiments journal, January 2011

Stellar cooling bounds on new light particles: plasma mixing effects journal, February 2017

Cosmic abundances of stable particles: Improved analysis journal, August 1991

Light dark matter in neutrino beams: Production modeling and scattering signatures at MiniBooNE, T2K, and SHiP journal, February 2017

Search for Electron Neutrino Appearance at the Δ m 2 ∼ 1 eV 2 Scale journal, June 2007

A facility to search for hidden particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case journal, October 2016

Neutrino electromagnetic interactions: A window to new physics journal, June 2015

Search for dark matter at $$\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$$ s = 13 TeV in final states containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector journal, June 2017

Monte Carlo simulation of neutrino production by medium-energy protons in a beam stop journal, June 1990

Search for a new gauge boson in π0 decays journal, May 1998

ForwArd Search ExpeRiment at the LHC journal, February 2018

Neutrino trident production at the intensity frontier journal, April 2017

Review of Particle Physics journal, July 2010

The two-photon particle production mechanism. Physical problems. Applications. Equivalent photon approximation journal, January 1975

Mechanism for understanding small neutrino mass in superstring theories journal, February 1986

Observation of a neutrino burst in coincidence with supernova 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud journal, April 1987

Neutrino mass and baryon-number nonconservation in superstring models journal, September 1986

Supernova constraints on MeV dark sectors from e + e − annihilations journal, May 2014

Measurement of the photon identification efficiencies with the ATLAS detector using LHC Run-1 data journal, December 2016

Selection Rules for the Dematerialization of a Particle into Two Photons journal, January 1950

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Observation of a neutrino burst from the supernova SN1987A journal, April 1987

Cosmologically Safe eV-Scale Sterile Neutrinos and Improved Dark Matter Structure journal, January 2014

Search for new phenomena using single photon events at LEP1 journal, May 1997

A brief history of the LEP collider journal, June 2002

Double-Cascade Events from New Physics in Icecube journal, November 2017

Restrictions on the lifetime of sterile neutrinos from primordial nucleosynthesis journal, October 2012

Probing the gravitational well: No supernova explosion in spherical symmetry with general relativistic Boltzmann neutrino transport journal, April 2001

Supernova simulations from a 3D progenitor model – Impact of perturbations and evolution of explosion properties journal, August 2017

Two-component spinor techniques and Feynman rules for quantum field theory and supersymmetry journal, September 2010

How to find neutral leptons of the νMSM?
journal, October 2007

Heavy neutrino decays at MiniBooNE
journal, January 2013

Sterile neutrinos as dark matter
journal, January 1994

The NOMAD Experiment at CERN
journal, January 2014

Review of Particle Physics
journal, October 2016

The NOMAD experiment at the CERN SPS
journal, February 1998

Heavy-neutrino decays at neutrino telescopes
journal, May 2011

Photon-Neutrino Interactions
journal, July 1997

Right-handed neutrino magnetic moments
journal, July 2009

Heavy neutral leptons at FASER
journal, May 2018

Muon capture constraints on sterile neutrino properties
journal, December 2010

Measurement of electron-neutrino electron elastic scattering
journal, May 2001

New limits on radiative sterile neutrino decays from a search for single photons in neutrino interactions
journal, March 2012

Ordinary and radiative muon capture on the proton and the pseudoscalar form factor of the nucleon
journal, April 2001

Relativistic $⟨ σ v_{rel} ⟩$ in the calculation of relics abundances: A closer look
journal, May 2014

Electromagnetic properties of dark matter: Dipole moments and charge form factor
journal, January 2011

The seesaw portal in testable models of neutrino masses
journal, June 2017

Neutrino flux prediction at MiniBooNE
journal, April 2009

FeynRules – Feynman rules made easy
journal, September 2009

W - Z interference in ν -nucleus scattering
journal, May 1988

Spherically Symmetric Simulation with Boltzmann Neutrino Transport of Core Collapse and Postbounce Evolution of a 15 [ITAL]M[/ITAL][TINF]⊙[/TINF] Star
journal, August 2000

Supernovas and light neutralinos: SN 1987A bounds on supersymmetry reexamined
journal, September 2003

The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations
journal, July 2014

Single-photon signals at CERN LEP in supersymmetric models with a light gravitino
journal, May 1997

Nucleon electromagnetic form factors
journal, October 2007

Improved parametrization of $K^{+}$ production in $p − B e$ collisions at low energy using Feynman scaling
journal, December 2011

High energy photon-neutrino elastic scattering
journal, March 2001

Heavy neutral fermions at the high-luminosity LHC
journal, July 2018

MiniBooNE Anomaly and Heavy Neutrino Decay
journal, December 2009

The Reaction $γ + γ \to ν + \bar{ν}$
journal, January 1961

Nuclear form factor, validity of the equivalent photon approximation and Coulomb corrections to muon pair production in photon–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions
journal, September 2009

Single photon background to $ν_{e}$ appearance at MiniBooNE
journal, July 2011

Cosmological constraints on the neutrino mass including systematic uncertainties
journal, October 2017

BBN for the LHC: Constraints on lifetimes of the Higgs portal scalars
journal, October 2017

Evidence for ${\bar{ν}}_{μ} \to {\bar{ν}}_{e}$ Oscillations from the LSND Experiment at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility
journal, October 1996

Decay $L^{0} \to ν_{l} γ$ in gauge theories of weak and electromagnetic interactions
journal, February 1974

On particle production for high energy neutrino beams
journal, April 2001

MeV-scale sterile neutrino decays at the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program
journal, April 2017

Search for supersymmetry in events with a photon, a lepton, and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV$
journal, June 2016

Light scalars and dark photons in Borexino and LSND experiments
journal, October 2018

Limits on the magnetic moment of sterile neutrino and two-photon neutrino decay
journal, March 1999

Measurement of single photon production in e+e− collisions near the Z0 resonance
journal, March 1995

The νMSM, dark matter and baryon asymmetry of the universe
journal, July 2005

Sterile neutrinos in cosmology
journal, November 2017

FeynRules 2.0 — A complete toolbox for tree-level phenomenology
journal, August 2014

Physical processes involving Majorana neutrinos
journal, January 1982

Resolution of puzzles from the LSND, KARMEN, and MiniBooNE experiments
journal, January 2011

Stellar cooling bounds on new light particles: plasma mixing effects
journal, February 2017

Cosmic abundances of stable particles: Improved analysis
journal, August 1991

Light dark matter in neutrino beams: Production modeling and scattering signatures at MiniBooNE, T2K, and SHiP
journal, February 2017

Search for Electron Neutrino Appearance at the $Δ m^{2} \sim 1 {eV}^{2}$ Scale
journal, June 2007

A facility to search for hidden particles at the CERN SPS: the SHiP physics case
journal, October 2016

Neutrino electromagnetic interactions: A window to new physics
journal, June 2015

Search for dark matter at $$\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$$ s = 13 TeV in final states containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector
journal, June 2017

Monte Carlo simulation of neutrino production by medium-energy protons in a beam stop
journal, June 1990

Search for a new gauge boson in π0 decays
journal, May 1998

ForwArd Search ExpeRiment at the LHC
journal, February 2018

Neutrino trident production at the intensity frontier
journal, April 2017

Review of Particle Physics
journal, July 2010

The two-photon particle production mechanism. Physical problems. Applications. Equivalent photon approximation
journal, January 1975

Mechanism for understanding small neutrino mass in superstring theories
journal, February 1986

Observation of a neutrino burst in coincidence with supernova 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud
journal, April 1987

Neutrino mass and baryon-number nonconservation in superstring models
journal, September 1986

Supernova constraints on MeV dark sectors from $e^{+} e^{-}$ annihilations
journal, May 2014

Measurement of the photon identification efficiencies with the ATLAS detector using LHC Run-1 data
journal, December 2016

Selection Rules for the Dematerialization of a Particle into Two Photons
journal, January 1950

How Self-Interactions can Reconcile Sterile Neutrinos with Cosmology
journal, January 2014

Observation of a neutrino burst from the supernova SN1987A
journal, April 1987

Cosmologically Safe eV-Scale Sterile Neutrinos and Improved Dark Matter Structure
journal, January 2014

Search for new phenomena using single photon events at LEP1
journal, May 1997

A brief history of the LEP collider
journal, June 2002

Double-Cascade Events from New Physics in Icecube
journal, November 2017

Restrictions on the lifetime of sterile neutrinos from primordial nucleosynthesis
journal, October 2012

Probing the gravitational well: No supernova explosion in spherical symmetry with general relativistic Boltzmann neutrino transport
journal, April 2001

Supernova simulations from a 3D progenitor model – Impact of perturbations and evolution of explosion properties
journal, August 2017

Two-component spinor techniques and Feynman rules for quantum field theory and supersymmetry
journal, September 2010

Probing new charged scalars with neutrino trident production
journal, March 2018

Erratum and Addendum to: How to find neutral leptons of the νMSM?
journal, November 2013

Dimension-six terms in the Standard Model Lagrangian
journal, October 2010

Search for anomalous production of single-photon events in e+e− annihilations at the Z resonance
journal, December 1992