Enhanced Capacities of Mixed Fatty Acid-Modified Sawdust Aggregators for Remediation of Crude Oil Spill
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Materials Sciences
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Marine Science Lab.
Mixed fatty acid-modified aggregators have been developed as potential crude oil sorbents. Cheap pine wood flour was first modified with oleic acid (OA) and further modified with a second fatty acid by a leaving group chemistry, where a surface hydroxyl group is first replaced by p-toluenesulfonyl group and a fatty acid forms a covalent bond on sawdust surface through esterification at the elevated temperature (55 °C). Two OA-modified base materials, pine/OA-106 and pine/OA-124, with different OA-coverages were first prepared and the second fatty acids with C3, C6, C8, C10, C12, C14, or C16 alkyl chains were applied to cover the remaining surface hydroxyl groups. The crude oil sorption capacities of the mixed fatty acid-modified aggregators were studied and compared with those of the base materials. The results showed that mixed fatty acid-modified aggregators increased up to 45.6% more crude oil sorption than those of OA-modified base materials. A correlation between surface property and sorption capacity was studied by moisture sorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. To our knowledge, no report has been published for mixed fatty acid-modified herders or aggregators in the environmental remediation.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); PNNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 1489889
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1507395; OSTI ID: 1512783
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-135555
- Journal Information:
- ACS Omega, Vol. 4, Issue 1; ISSN 2470-1343
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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