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Title: Systematic Quantum Cluster Typical Medium Method for the Study of Localization in Strongly Disordered Electronic Systems

Journal Article · · Applied Sciences
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122401 · OSTI ID:1484098
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [5];  [2]
  1. Middle Tennessee State Univ., Murfreesboro, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy. Computational Science Program
  2. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy. Center for Computation and Technology
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences. Computer Science and Mathematics Division
  4. Univ. of Augsburg (Germany). Augsburg Center for Innovative Technologies. Theoretical Physics III. Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism. Inst. of Physics
  5. Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru (India). Theoretical Sciences Unit

Great progress has been made in recent years towards understanding the properties of disordered electronic systems. In part, this is made possible by recent advances in quantum effective medium methods which enable the study of disorder and electron-electronic interactions on equal footing. They include dynamical mean-field theory and the Coherent Potential Approximation, and their cluster extension, the dynamical cluster approximation. Despite their successes, these methods do not enable the first-principles study of the strongly disordered regime, including the effects of electronic localization. The main focus of this review is the recently developed typical medium dynamical cluster approximation for disordered electronic systems. This method has been constructed to capture disorder-induced localization and is based on a mapping of a lattice onto a quantum cluster embedded in an effective typical medium, which is determined self-consistently. Unlike the average effective medium-based methods mentioned above, typical medium-based methods properly capture the states localized by disorder. The typical medium dynamical cluster approximation not only provides the proper order parameter for Anderson localized states, but it can also incorporate the full complexity of Density-Functional Theory (DFT)-derived potentials into the analysis, including the effect of multiple bands, non-local disorder, and electron-electron interactions. After a brief historical review of other numerical methods for disordered systems, we discuss coarse-graining as a unifying principle for the development of translationally invariant quantum cluster methods. Together, the Coherent Potential Approximation, the Dynamical Mean-Field Theory and the Dynamical Cluster Approximation may be viewed as a single class of approximations with a much-needed small parameter of the inverse cluster size which may be used to control the approximation. We then present an overview of various recent applications of the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation to a variety of models and systems, including single and multiband Anderson model, and models with local and off-diagonal disorder. We then present the application of the method to realistic systems in the framework of the DFT and demonstrate that the resulting method can provide a systematic first-principles method validated by experiment and capable of making experimentally relevant predictions. We also discuss the application of the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation to systems with disorder and electron-electron interactions. Most significantly, we show that in the limits of strong disorder and weak interactions treated perturbatively, that the phenomena of 3D localization, including a mobility edge, remains intact. However, the metal-insulator transition is pushed to larger disorder values by the local interactions. We also study the limits of strong disorder and strong interactions capable of producing moment formation and screening, with a non-perturbative local approximation. Here, we find that the Anderson localization quantum phase transition is accompanied by a quantum-critical fan in the energy-disorder phase diagram.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States); Middle Tennessee State Univ., Murfreesboro, TN (United States); Univ. of Augsburg (Germany)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF) (United States); Louisiana Board of Regents (United States); German Research Foundation (DFG)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725; SC0017861
OSTI ID:
1484098
Journal Information:
Applied Sciences, Journal Name: Applied Sciences Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 8; ISSN 2076-3417
Publisher:
MDPICopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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