Structural Control on Downdip Locking Extent of the Himalayan Megathrust

Lindsey, Eric O.; Almeida, Rafael; Mallick, Rishav; Hubbard, Judith; Bradley, Kyle; Tsang, Louisa L. H.; Liu, Yixiang; Burgmann, Roland; Hill, Emma M.

doi:10.1029/2018JB015868

Title: Structural Control on Downdip Locking Extent of the Himalayan Megathrust

Journal Article · 03 June 2018 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB015868 · OSTI ID:1479411

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Nanyang Technological Univ. (Singapore)
Nanyang Technological Univ. (Singapore); Geosciences Azur, Valbonne (France)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

Here, geologic reconstructions of the Main Himalayan Thrust in Nepal show a laterally extensive midcrustal ramp, hypothesized to form the downdip boundary of interseismic locking. Using a recent compilation of interseismic GPS velocities and a simplified model of fault coupling, we estimate the width of coupling across Nepal using a series of two-dimensional transects. We find that the downdip width of fault coupling increases smoothly from 70 to 90 km in eastern Nepal to 100–110 km in central Nepal, then narrows again in western Nepal. The inferred coupling transition is closely aligned with geologic reconstructions of the base of the midcrustal ramp in central and eastern Nepal, but in western Nepal, the data suggest that the location is intermediate between two proposed ramp locations. The result for western Nepal implies either an anomalous coupling transition that occurs along a shallowly dipping portion of the fault or that both ramps may be partially coupled and that a proposed crustal-scale duplexing process may be active during the interseismic period. We also find that the models require a convergence rate of 15.5 ± 2 mm/year throughout Nepal, reducing the geodetic moment accumulation rate by up to 30% compared with earlier models, partially resolving an inferred discrepancy between geodetic and paleoseismic estimates of moment release across the Himalaya.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1479411

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 123; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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58 GEOSCIENCES
Main Himalayan Thrust
Nepal
duplex
fault geometry
fault structure
interseismic deformation

Title: Structural Control on Downdip Locking Extent of the Himalayan Megathrust

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