Hexavalent Chromium Sources and Distribution in California Groundwater
Abstract
Groundwater resources in California represent a confluence of high-risk factors for hexavalent chromium contamination as a result of industrial activities, natural geology, and, potentially, land use. Here, we examine state-wide links in California between groundwater Cr(VI) concentrations and chemicals that provide signatures for source attribution. In environmental monitoring wells, Cr(VI) had the highest co-occurrence and also clustered with 1,4-dioxane and several chlorinated hydrocarbons indicative of the metal plating industry. Additionally, hotspots of Cr(VI) co-occurring with bromoform result from volatile organic compound remediation using in situ chemical oxidation that inadvertently oxidizes naturally occurring Cr(III). In groundwater supply wells, which are typically free of industrial inputs, Cr(VI) correlates with dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), vanadium, and ammonia and clusters with nitrate and dissolved oxygen, suggesting potential links between agricultural activities and Cr(VI). Specific controls on Cr(VI) vary substantially by region: from the metal plating industry around Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay areas to natural redox conditions along flow paths in the Mojave Desert and to correlations with agricultural practices in the Central Valley of California. Here, while industrial uses of Cr lead to the most acute cases of groundwater Cr(VI) contamination, oxidation of naturally occurring Cr affects a larger area, more wells, andmore »
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1470910
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016544; DGE-114747; AC02-76SF00515
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Science and Technology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 52; Journal Issue: 15; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-936X
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Citation Formats
Hausladen, Debra M., Alexander-Ozinskas, Annika, McClain, Cynthia, and Fendorf, Scott. Hexavalent Chromium Sources and Distribution in California Groundwater. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06627.
Hausladen, Debra M., Alexander-Ozinskas, Annika, McClain, Cynthia, & Fendorf, Scott. Hexavalent Chromium Sources and Distribution in California Groundwater. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b06627
Hausladen, Debra M., Alexander-Ozinskas, Annika, McClain, Cynthia, and Fendorf, Scott. Wed .
"Hexavalent Chromium Sources and Distribution in California Groundwater". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b06627. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1470910.
@article{osti_1470910,
title = {Hexavalent Chromium Sources and Distribution in California Groundwater},
author = {Hausladen, Debra M. and Alexander-Ozinskas, Annika and McClain, Cynthia and Fendorf, Scott},
abstractNote = {Groundwater resources in California represent a confluence of high-risk factors for hexavalent chromium contamination as a result of industrial activities, natural geology, and, potentially, land use. Here, we examine state-wide links in California between groundwater Cr(VI) concentrations and chemicals that provide signatures for source attribution. In environmental monitoring wells, Cr(VI) had the highest co-occurrence and also clustered with 1,4-dioxane and several chlorinated hydrocarbons indicative of the metal plating industry. Additionally, hotspots of Cr(VI) co-occurring with bromoform result from volatile organic compound remediation using in situ chemical oxidation that inadvertently oxidizes naturally occurring Cr(III). In groundwater supply wells, which are typically free of industrial inputs, Cr(VI) correlates with dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), vanadium, and ammonia and clusters with nitrate and dissolved oxygen, suggesting potential links between agricultural activities and Cr(VI). Specific controls on Cr(VI) vary substantially by region: from the metal plating industry around Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay areas to natural redox conditions along flow paths in the Mojave Desert and to correlations with agricultural practices in the Central Valley of California. Here, while industrial uses of Cr lead to the most acute cases of groundwater Cr(VI) contamination, oxidation of naturally occurring Cr affects a larger area, more wells, and a greater number of people throughout California.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.est.7b06627},
journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},
number = 15,
volume = 52,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jun 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed Jun 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Governing Constraints of Chromium(VI) Formation from Chromium(III)-Bearing Minerals in Soils and Sediments
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