Delayed effects and complex life cycles: How the larval aquatic environment influences terrestrial performance and survival
Abstract
Abstract Species with complex life cycles are susceptible to environmental stressors across life stages, but the carryover and latent effects between stages remain understudied. For species with biphasic life histories, such as pond‐breeding amphibians, delayed effects of aquatic conditions can influence terrestrial juveniles and adults directly or indirectly, usually mediated through fitness correlates such as body size. We collected adult southern toads ( Anaxyrus terrestris ) from 2 source populations—a natural reference wetland and a metal‐contaminated industrial wetland—and exposed their offspring to 2 aquatic stressors (a metal contaminant, copper [Cu], and a dragonfly predator cue) in outdoor mesocosms ( n = 24). We then reared metamorphs in terraria for 5 mo to examine delayed effects of early life stage environmental conditions on juvenile performance, growth, and survival. Larval exposure to Cu, as well as having parents from a contaminated wetland, resulted in smaller size at metamorphosis—a response later negated by compensatory growth. Although Cu exposure and parental source did not affect larval survival, we observed latent effects of these stressors on juvenile survival, with elevated Cu conditions and metal‐contaminated parents reducing postmetamorphic survival. Parental source and larval Cu exposure affected performance at metamorphosis through carryover effects on body size but, 1more »
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River Ecology Lab. (SREL); Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL), Aiken, SC (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1819197
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1466081
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC09-07SR22506
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 37; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 0730-7268
- Publisher:
- SETAC
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; Copper; Amphibians; Ecotoxicology; Latent; Carryover
Citation Formats
Rumrill, Caitlin T., Scott, David E., and Lance, Stacey L. Delayed effects and complex life cycles: How the larval aquatic environment influences terrestrial performance and survival. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1002/etc.4228.
Rumrill, Caitlin T., Scott, David E., & Lance, Stacey L. Delayed effects and complex life cycles: How the larval aquatic environment influences terrestrial performance and survival. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4228
Rumrill, Caitlin T., Scott, David E., and Lance, Stacey L. Mon .
"Delayed effects and complex life cycles: How the larval aquatic environment influences terrestrial performance and survival". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4228. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1819197.
@article{osti_1819197,
title = {Delayed effects and complex life cycles: How the larval aquatic environment influences terrestrial performance and survival},
author = {Rumrill, Caitlin T. and Scott, David E. and Lance, Stacey L.},
abstractNote = {Abstract Species with complex life cycles are susceptible to environmental stressors across life stages, but the carryover and latent effects between stages remain understudied. For species with biphasic life histories, such as pond‐breeding amphibians, delayed effects of aquatic conditions can influence terrestrial juveniles and adults directly or indirectly, usually mediated through fitness correlates such as body size. We collected adult southern toads ( Anaxyrus terrestris ) from 2 source populations—a natural reference wetland and a metal‐contaminated industrial wetland—and exposed their offspring to 2 aquatic stressors (a metal contaminant, copper [Cu], and a dragonfly predator cue) in outdoor mesocosms ( n = 24). We then reared metamorphs in terraria for 5 mo to examine delayed effects of early life stage environmental conditions on juvenile performance, growth, and survival. Larval exposure to Cu, as well as having parents from a contaminated wetland, resulted in smaller size at metamorphosis—a response later negated by compensatory growth. Although Cu exposure and parental source did not affect larval survival, we observed latent effects of these stressors on juvenile survival, with elevated Cu conditions and metal‐contaminated parents reducing postmetamorphic survival. Parental source and larval Cu exposure affected performance at metamorphosis through carryover effects on body size but, 1 mo later, latent effects of parental source and larval predator exposure directly (i.e., not via body size) influenced performance. The carryover and latent effects of parental source population and aquatic Cu level on postmetamorphic survival and juvenile performance highlight the importance of conducting studies across life stages and generations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2660–2669. © 2018 SETAC},
doi = {10.1002/etc.4228},
journal = {Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry},
number = 10,
volume = 37,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jul 09 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Mon Jul 09 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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