Numerical simulations of Mach stem formation via intersecting bow shocks
Abstract
Hubble Space Telescope observations show bright knots of Ha emission within outflowing young stellar jets. Velocity variations in the flow create secondary bow shocks that may intersect and lead to enhanced emission. When the bow shocks intersect at or above a certain critical angle, a planar shock called a Mach stem is formed. These shocks could produce brighter Ha emission since the incoming flow to the Mach stem is parallel to the shock normal. In this paper we report first results of a study using 2-D numerical simulations designed to explore Mach stem formation at the intersection of bow shocks formed by hypersonic “bullets” or “clumps”. Our 2-D simulations show how the bow shock shapes and intersection angles change as the adiabatic index g changes. We show that the formation or lack of a Mach stem in our simulations is consistent with the steady-state Mach stem formation theory. In conclusion, our ultimate goal, which is part of an ongoing research effort, is to characterize the physical and observational conse- quences of bow shock intersections including the formation of Mach stems.
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Univ. of Rochester, Rochester, NY (United States)
- Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1462541
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1252564
- Report Number(s):
- DOE-Rice-2037-7
Journal ID: ISSN 1574-1818; PII: S157418181500004X
- Grant/Contract Number:
- NA0002037; SC0001063
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- High Energy Density Physics
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 17; Journal Issue: PA; Journal ID: ISSN 1574-1818
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Shock wave phenomena Herbig-Haro objects; ISM; Mach stems; Jets and outflows
Citation Formats
Hansen, E. C., Frank, A., Hartigan, P., and Yirak, K. Numerical simulations of Mach stem formation via intersecting bow shocks. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2014.12.005.
Hansen, E. C., Frank, A., Hartigan, P., & Yirak, K. Numerical simulations of Mach stem formation via intersecting bow shocks. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2014.12.005
Hansen, E. C., Frank, A., Hartigan, P., and Yirak, K. Fri .
"Numerical simulations of Mach stem formation via intersecting bow shocks". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2014.12.005. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1462541.
@article{osti_1462541,
title = {Numerical simulations of Mach stem formation via intersecting bow shocks},
author = {Hansen, E. C. and Frank, A. and Hartigan, P. and Yirak, K.},
abstractNote = {Hubble Space Telescope observations show bright knots of Ha emission within outflowing young stellar jets. Velocity variations in the flow create secondary bow shocks that may intersect and lead to enhanced emission. When the bow shocks intersect at or above a certain critical angle, a planar shock called a Mach stem is formed. These shocks could produce brighter Ha emission since the incoming flow to the Mach stem is parallel to the shock normal. In this paper we report first results of a study using 2-D numerical simulations designed to explore Mach stem formation at the intersection of bow shocks formed by hypersonic “bullets” or “clumps”. Our 2-D simulations show how the bow shock shapes and intersection angles change as the adiabatic index g changes. We show that the formation or lack of a Mach stem in our simulations is consistent with the steady-state Mach stem formation theory. In conclusion, our ultimate goal, which is part of an ongoing research effort, is to characterize the physical and observational conse- quences of bow shock intersections including the formation of Mach stems.},
doi = {10.1016/j.hedp.2014.12.005},
journal = {High Energy Density Physics},
number = PA,
volume = 17,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Fri Jan 16 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 4 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Jets and Outflows From Star to Cloud: Observations Confront Theory
text, January 2014
- Frank, A.; Ray, T. P.; Cabrit, S.
- arXiv
Forbidden-line emission and infrared excesses in T Tauri stars - Evidence for accretion-driven mass loss?
journal, May 1990
- Cabrit, Sylvie; Edwards, Suzan; Strom, Stephen E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 354
Disk Accretion and Mass Loss from Young Stars
journal, October 1995
- Hartigan, Patrick; Edwards, Suzan; Ghandour, Louma
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 452
Stellar jets with intrinsically variable sources
journal, November 1990
- Raga, Alejandro C.; Binette, Luc; Canto, Jorge
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 364
Kinematics of the HH 111 Jet from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph
journal, January 2002
- Raga, A. C.; Noriega-Crespo, A.; Reipurth, B.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 565, Issue 1
Proper Motions of the HH 47 Jet Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope
journal, November 2005
- Hartigan, Patrick; Heathcote, Steve; Morse, Jon A.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 130, Issue 5
The Evolution of Hetergeneous “Clumpy Jets”: a Parameter Study
journal, February 2012
- Yirak, Kristopher; Schroeder, Ed; Frank, Adam
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 746, Issue 2
FLUID DYNAMICS OF STELLAR JETS IN REAL TIME: THIRD EPOCH HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE IMAGES OF HH 1, HH 34, AND HH 47
journal, July 2011
- Hartigan, P.; Frank, A.; Foster, J. M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 736, Issue 1
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the HH 47 Jet: Narrowband Images
journal, September 1996
- Heathcote, Steve; Morse, Jon A.; Hartigan, Patrick
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 112
MHD simulations of radiative jets from young stellar objects: H$\mathsf{\alpha}$ emission
journal, March 2006
- De Colle, F.; Raga, A. C.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 449, Issue 3
Mach reflection in a warm dense plasma
journal, November 2010
- Foster, J. M.; Rosen, P. A.; Wilde, B. H.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 11
Shock structuring due to fabrication joints in targets
journal, August 1999
- Goldman, S. R.; Caldwell, S. E.; Wilke, M. D.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 8
The dynamic and gravitational instabilities of spherical shocks
journal, November 1983
- Vishniac, E. T.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 274
Derivation of the critical angle for Mach reflection for strong shock waves
journal, April 1992
- De Rosa, M.; Famà, F.; Palleschi, V.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 45, Issue 8
SIMULATING MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICAL FLOW WITH CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT AND ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT: ALGORITHMS AND TESTS OF THE AstroBEAR CODE
journal, May 2009
- Cunningham, Andrew J.; Frank, Adam; Varnière, Peggy
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 182, Issue 2