Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation

Willingale, L.; Nagel, S. R.; Thomas, A. G.  R.; Bellei, C.; Clarke, R. J.; Dangor, A. E.; Heathcote, R.; Kaluza, M. C.; Kamperidis, C.; Kneip, S.; Krushelnick, K.; Lopes, N.; Mangles, S. P.  D.; Nazarov, W.; Nilson, P. M.; Najmudin, Z.

doi:10.1017/S002237781400066X

Title: Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation

Abstract

In this study, copper activation was used to characterize high-energy proton beam acceleration from near-critical density plasma targets. An enhancement was observed when decreasing the target density, which is indicative for an increased laser-accelerated hot electron density at the rear target-vacuum boundary. This is due to channel formation and collimation of the hot electrons inside the target. Particle-in-cell simulations support the experimental observations and show the correlation between channel depth and longitudinal electric field strength is directly correlated with the proton acceleration.

Authors:

Willingale, L. ^[1]; Nagel, S. R. ^[2]; Thomas, A. G. R. ^[1]; Bellei, C. ^[2]; Clarke, R. J. ^[3]; Dangor, A. E. ^[4]; Heathcote, R. ^[3]; Kaluza, M. C. ^[5]; Kamperidis, C. ^[4]; Kneip, S. ^[4]; Krushelnick, K. ^[1]; Lopes, N. ^[6]; Mangles, S. P. D. ^[4]; Nazarov, W. ^[7]; Nilson, P. M. ^[8]; Najmudin, Z. ^[4]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Center for Ultrafast Optical Science
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton (United Kingdom)
Imperial College, London (United Kingdom). Blackett Laboratory, The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science
Institut für Optik und Quantenelektronik, Jena (Germany); Helmholtz Institute Jena (Germany)
Imperial College, London (United Kingdom). Blackett Laboratory, The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science; GoLP, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon (Portugal)
University of St Andrews (United Kingdom). High Energy Laser Materials R&D Laboratory
Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics

Publication Date:: Fri Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1458670

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-741116
Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3778; applab; 895370; TRN: US1901499

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Plasma Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 81; Journal Issue: 01; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-3778

Publisher:: Cambridge University Press

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Willingale, L., Nagel, S. R., Thomas, A. G.  R., Bellei, C., Clarke, R. J., Dangor, A. E., Heathcote, R., Kaluza, M. C., Kamperidis, C., Kneip, S., Krushelnick, K., Lopes, N., Mangles, S. P.  D., Nazarov, W., Nilson, P. M., and Najmudin, Z. Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
Web.  doi:10.1017/S002237781400066X.

Copy to clipboard


                    Willingale, L., Nagel, S. R., Thomas, A. G.  R., Bellei, C., Clarke, R. J., Dangor, A. E., Heathcote, R., Kaluza, M. C., Kamperidis, C., Kneip, S., Krushelnick, K., Lopes, N., Mangles, S. P.  D., Nazarov, W., Nilson, P. M., & Najmudin, Z. Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1017/S002237781400066X

Copy to clipboard


                    Willingale, L., Nagel, S. R., Thomas, A. G.  R., Bellei, C., Clarke, R. J., Dangor, A. E., Heathcote, R., Kaluza, M. C., Kamperidis, C., Kneip, S., Krushelnick, K., Lopes, N., Mangles, S. P.  D., Nazarov, W., Nilson, P. M., and Najmudin, Z. Fri .  
"Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1017/S002237781400066X.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1458670.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1458670,

  title        = {Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation},

  author       = {Willingale, L. and Nagel, S. R. and Thomas, A. G.  R. and Bellei, C. and Clarke, R. J. and Dangor, A. E. and Heathcote, R. and Kaluza, M. C. and Kamperidis, C. and Kneip, S. and Krushelnick, K. and Lopes, N. and Mangles, S. P.  D. and Nazarov, W. and Nilson, P. M. and Najmudin, Z.},

  abstractNote = {In this study, copper activation was used to characterize high-energy proton beam acceleration from near-critical density plasma targets. An enhancement was observed when decreasing the target density, which is indicative for an increased laser-accelerated hot electron density at the rear target-vacuum boundary. This is due to channel formation and collimation of the hot electrons inside the target. Particle-in-cell simulations support the experimental observations and show the correlation between channel depth and longitudinal electric field strength is directly correlated with the proton acceleration.},

  doi          = {10.1017/S002237781400066X},

  journal      = {Journal of Plasma Physics},

  number       = 01,

  volume       = 81,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2014},

  month        = {Fri Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2014}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1017/S002237781400066X

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 1 work

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Plasma Expansion into a Vacuum
journal, May 2003

Mora, P.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.185002

Relativistic Buneman instability in the laser breakout afterburner
journal, September 2007

Albright, B. J.; Yin, L.; Bowers, Kevin J.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 14, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.2768933

Dense Electron-Positron Plasmas and Ultraintense $γ$ rays from Laser-Irradiated Solids
journal, April 2012

Ridgers, C. P.; Brady, C. S.; Duclous, R.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 16
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.165006

Energetic Heavy-Ion and Proton Generation from Ultraintense Laser-Plasma Interactions with Solids
journal, August 2000

Clark, E. L.; Krushelnick, K.; Zepf, M.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1654

Characterization of High-Intensity Laser Propagation in the Relativistic Transparent Regime through Measurements of Energetic Proton Beams
journal, March 2009

Willingale, L.; Nagel, S. R.; Thomas, A. G. R.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.125002

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks
journal, May 2013

Fiuza, F.; Stockem, A.; Boella, E.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.4801526

Dense electron-positron plasmas and bursts of gamma-rays from laser-generated quantum electrodynamic plasmas
journal, May 2013

Ridgers, C. P.; Brady, C. S.; Duclous, R.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.4801513

Electron, photon, and ion beams from the relativistic interaction of Petawatt laser pulses with solid targets
journal, May 2000

Hatchett, Stephen P.; Brown, Curtis G.; Cowan, Thomas E.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.874030

Reduction of proton acceleration in high-intensity laser interaction with solid two-layer targets
journal, December 2006

Wei, M. S.; Davies, J. R.; Clark, E. L.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 13, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1063/1.2395928

In situ production of very low density microporous polymeric foams
journal, July 1995

Falconer, J. W.; Nazarov, W.; Horsfield, C. J.
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 13, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1116/1.579634

Nuclear activation as a high dynamic range diagnostic of laser–plasma interactions
journal, February 2008

Clarke, R. J.; Simpson, P. T.; Kar, S.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 585, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2007.11.015

Proton Shock Acceleration in Laser-Plasma Interactions
journal, January 2004

Silva, Luís O.; Marti, Michael; Davies, Jonathan R.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.015002

Plasma cavitation in ultraintense laser interactions with underdense helium plasmas
journal, April 2010

Nilson, P. M.; Mangles, S. P. D.; Willingale, L.
New Journal of Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/12/4/045014

Absorption of ultra-intense laser pulses
journal, August 1992

Wilks, S. C.; Kruer, W. L.; Tabak, M.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 69, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.1383

High-power, kilojoule laser interactions with near-critical density plasma
journal, May 2011

Willingale, L.; Nilson, P. M.; Thomas, A. G. R.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 18, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.3563438

Fast particle generation and energy transport in laser-solid interactions
journal, May 2001

Zepf, M.; Clark, E. L.; Krushelnick, K.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.1351824

The effect of high intensity laser propagation instabilities on channel formation in underdense plasmas
journal, February 2003

Najmudin, Z.; Krushelnick, K.; Tatarakis, M.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 10, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1063/1.1534585

Relativistic laser-plasma interaction by multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations
journal, May 1998

Pukhov, A.; Meyer-ter-Vehn, J.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1063/1.872821

Monoenergetic Proton Beams Accelerated by a Radiation Pressure Driven Shock
journal, January 2011

Palmer, Charlotte A. J.; Dover, N. P.; Pogorelsky, I.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.014801

Laser-Driven Shock Acceleration of Monoenergetic Ion Beams
journal, November 2012

Fiuza, F.; Stockem, A.; Boella, E.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 21
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.215001

Energetic proton generation in ultra-intense laser–solid interactions
journal, February 2001

Wilks, S. C.; Langdon, A. B.; Cowan, T. E.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 2, p. 542-549
DOI: 10.1063/1.1333697

Polarization, hosing and long time evolution of relativistic laser pulses
journal, September 2001

Naumova, N. M.; Koga, J.; Nakajima, K.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1063/1.1395566

Enhanced Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration in the Relativistic Transparency Regime
journal, July 2009

Henig, A.; Kiefer, D.; Markey, K.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.045002

OSIRIS: A Three-Dimensional, Fully Relativistic Particle in Cell Code for Modeling Plasma Based Accelerators
book, January 2002

Fonseca, R. A.; Silva, L. O.; Tsung, F. S.
Computational Science — ICCS 2002, p. 342-351
DOI: 10.1007/3-540-47789-6_36

Collisionless shocks in laser-produced plasma generate monoenergetic high-energy proton beams
journal, November 2011

Haberberger, Dan; Tochitsky, Sergei; Fiuza, Frederico
Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/nphys2130

Plasma Expansion into a Vacuum
journal, January 1971

Widner, M.
Physics of Fluids, Vol. 14, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1063/1.1693510

Monoenergetic proton beams accelerated by a radiation pressure driven shock
text, January 2010

Palmer, C. A. J.; Dover, N. P.; Pogorelsky, I.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1006.3163

Laser-driven shock acceleration of monoenergetic ion beams
text, January 2012

Fiuza, F.; Stockem, A.; Boella, E.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1206.2903

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks
text, January 2013

Fiuza, F.; Stockem, A.; Boella, E.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1301.4262

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Proposed hole-target for improving maximum proton energy driven by a short intense laser pulse

Journal Article Pae, K H ; Choi, I W ; Lee, J ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

By using particle-in-cell simulations, a new method for energetic collimated proton generation via intense short pulse laser-thin foil interactions is presented. To enhance the electron heating efficiency, a small hole is bored at the center of a thin foil target. The small hole combines target heating mechanisms effectively, which results in a high proton maximum energy. While an ultraintense, ultrashort laser pulse propagates through a small hole (diameter<laser spot size), the laser pulse drives electrons pulled out from the hole inner wall effectively inside the hole. When these electrons leave the target, a strong sheath field is formed between themore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3174434
Characterization of High-Intensity Laser Propagation in the Relativistic Transparent Regime through Measurements of Energetic Proton Beams

Journal Article Willingale, L ; Nagel, S R ; Thomas, A G. R. ; ... - Physical Review Letters

Experiments were performed to investigate the propagation of a high intensity (I{approx}10{sup 21} W cm{sup -2}) laser in foam targets with densities ranging from 0.9n{sub c} to 30n{sub c}. Proton acceleration was used to diagnose the interaction. An improvement in proton beam energy and efficiency is observed for the lowest density foam (n{sub e}=0.9n{sub c}), compared to higher density foams. Simulations show that the laser beam penetrates deeper into the target due to its relativistic propagation and results in greater collimation of the ensuing hot electrons. This results in the rear surface accelerating electric field being larger, increasing the efficiencymore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.102.125002
Laser-driven proton acceleration using a conical nanobrush target

Journal Article Jinqing, Yu ; Vacuum Electronics National Laboratory, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054 ; Zongqing, Zhao ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

A conical nanobrush target is proposed to improve the total proton energy-conversion efficiency in proton beam acceleration and investigated by two-dimensional particle-in-cell (2D-PIC) simulations. Results indicate a significant enhancement of the number and energies of hot electrons through the target rear side of the conical nanobrush target. Compared with the plain target, the field increases several times. We observe enhancements of the average proton energy and total laser-proton energy conversion efficiency of 105%. This enhancement is attributed to both nanobrush and conical configurations. The proton beam is well collimated with a divergence angle less than 28{sup Degree-Sign }. The proposedmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4714809
Correlation between laser accelerated MeV proton and electron beams using simple fluid model for target normal sheath acceleration

Journal Article Tampo, M ; Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-6, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 ; Awano, S ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

High density energetic electrons that are created by intense laser plasma interactions drive MeV proton acceleration. The correlation between accelerated MeV protons and escaped electrons is experimentally investigated at laser intensities in the range of 10{sup 18}-10{sup 19} W/cm{sup 2} with S-polarization. Observed proton maximum energies are linearly proportional to escaped electron slope temperatures with a scaling coefficient of about 10. In the context of the simple analytical fluid model for transverse normal sheath acceleration, hot electron sheath density near the target rear surface can be estimated if an empirical acceleration time is assumed.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3459063
Guiding and collimation of laser-accelerated proton beams using thin foils followed with a hollow plasma channel

Journal Article Xiao, K. D. ; Zhou, C. T., E-mail: zcangtao@iapcm.ac.cn ; Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094 ; ... - Physics of Plasmas

It is proposed that guided and collimated proton acceleration by intense lasers can be achieved using an advanced target—a thin foil followed by a hollow plasma channel. For the advanced target, the laser-accelerated hot electrons can be confined in the hollow channel at the foil rear side, which leads to the formation of transversely localized, Gaussian-distributed sheath electric field and resultantly guiding of proton acceleration. Further, due to the hot electron flow along the channel wall, a strong focusing transverse electric field is induced, taking the place of the original defocusing one driven by hot electron pressure in the casemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4930261

Similar Records

Title: Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation

Abstract

Citation Formats

Plasma Expansion into a Vacuum journal, May 2003

Relativistic Buneman instability in the laser breakout afterburner journal, September 2007

Dense Electron-Positron Plasmas and Ultraintense γ rays from Laser-Irradiated Solids journal, April 2012

Energetic Heavy-Ion and Proton Generation from Ultraintense Laser-Plasma Interactions with Solids journal, August 2000

Characterization of High-Intensity Laser Propagation in the Relativistic Transparent Regime through Measurements of Energetic Proton Beams journal, March 2009

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks journal, May 2013

Dense electron-positron plasmas and bursts of gamma-rays from laser-generated quantum electrodynamic plasmas journal, May 2013

Electron, photon, and ion beams from the relativistic interaction of Petawatt laser pulses with solid targets journal, May 2000

Reduction of proton acceleration in high-intensity laser interaction with solid two-layer targets journal, December 2006

In situ production of very low density microporous polymeric foams journal, July 1995

Nuclear activation as a high dynamic range diagnostic of laser–plasma interactions journal, February 2008

Proton Shock Acceleration in Laser-Plasma Interactions journal, January 2004

Plasma cavitation in ultraintense laser interactions with underdense helium plasmas journal, April 2010

Absorption of ultra-intense laser pulses journal, August 1992

High-power, kilojoule laser interactions with near-critical density plasma journal, May 2011

Fast particle generation and energy transport in laser-solid interactions journal, May 2001

The effect of high intensity laser propagation instabilities on channel formation in underdense plasmas journal, February 2003

Relativistic laser-plasma interaction by multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations journal, May 1998

Monoenergetic Proton Beams Accelerated by a Radiation Pressure Driven Shock journal, January 2011

Laser-Driven Shock Acceleration of Monoenergetic Ion Beams journal, November 2012

Energetic proton generation in ultra-intense laser–solid interactions journal, February 2001

Polarization, hosing and long time evolution of relativistic laser pulses journal, September 2001

Enhanced Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration in the Relativistic Transparency Regime journal, July 2009

OSIRIS: A Three-Dimensional, Fully Relativistic Particle in Cell Code for Modeling Plasma Based Accelerators book, January 2002

Collisionless shocks in laser-produced plasma generate monoenergetic high-energy proton beams journal, November 2011

Plasma Expansion into a Vacuum journal, January 1971

Monoenergetic proton beams accelerated by a radiation pressure driven shock text, January 2010

Laser-driven shock acceleration of monoenergetic ion beams text, January 2012

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks text, January 2013

Plasma Expansion into a Vacuum
journal, May 2003

Relativistic Buneman instability in the laser breakout afterburner
journal, September 2007

Dense Electron-Positron Plasmas and Ultraintense $γ$ rays from Laser-Irradiated Solids
journal, April 2012

Energetic Heavy-Ion and Proton Generation from Ultraintense Laser-Plasma Interactions with Solids
journal, August 2000

Characterization of High-Intensity Laser Propagation in the Relativistic Transparent Regime through Measurements of Energetic Proton Beams
journal, March 2009

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks
journal, May 2013

Dense electron-positron plasmas and bursts of gamma-rays from laser-generated quantum electrodynamic plasmas
journal, May 2013

Electron, photon, and ion beams from the relativistic interaction of Petawatt laser pulses with solid targets
journal, May 2000

Reduction of proton acceleration in high-intensity laser interaction with solid two-layer targets
journal, December 2006

In situ production of very low density microporous polymeric foams
journal, July 1995

Nuclear activation as a high dynamic range diagnostic of laser–plasma interactions
journal, February 2008

Proton Shock Acceleration in Laser-Plasma Interactions
journal, January 2004

Plasma cavitation in ultraintense laser interactions with underdense helium plasmas
journal, April 2010

Absorption of ultra-intense laser pulses
journal, August 1992

High-power, kilojoule laser interactions with near-critical density plasma
journal, May 2011

Fast particle generation and energy transport in laser-solid interactions
journal, May 2001

The effect of high intensity laser propagation instabilities on channel formation in underdense plasmas
journal, February 2003

Relativistic laser-plasma interaction by multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations
journal, May 1998

Monoenergetic Proton Beams Accelerated by a Radiation Pressure Driven Shock
journal, January 2011

Laser-Driven Shock Acceleration of Monoenergetic Ion Beams
journal, November 2012

Energetic proton generation in ultra-intense laser–solid interactions
journal, February 2001

Polarization, hosing and long time evolution of relativistic laser pulses
journal, September 2001

Enhanced Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration in the Relativistic Transparency Regime
journal, July 2009

OSIRIS: A Three-Dimensional, Fully Relativistic Particle in Cell Code for Modeling Plasma Based Accelerators
book, January 2002

Collisionless shocks in laser-produced plasma generate monoenergetic high-energy proton beams
journal, November 2011

Plasma Expansion into a Vacuum
journal, January 1971

Monoenergetic proton beams accelerated by a radiation pressure driven shock
text, January 2010

Laser-driven shock acceleration of monoenergetic ion beams
text, January 2012

Ion acceleration from laser-driven electrostatic shocks
text, January 2013