( )-dimensional anisotropic fluid dynamics with a lattice QCD equation of state
Abstract
Anisotropic hydrodynamics improves upon standard dissipative fluid dynamics by treating certain large dissipative corrections nonperturbatively. Relativistic heavy-ion collisions feature two such large dissipative effects: (i) Strongly anisotropic expansion generates a large shear stress component which manifests itself in very different longitudinal and transverse pressures, especially at early times. (ii) Critical fluctuations near the quark-hadron phase transition lead to a large bulk viscous pressure on the conversion surface between hydrodynamics and a microscopic hadronic cascade description of the final collision stage. We present a new dissipative hydrodynamic formulation for nonconformal fluids where both of these effects are treated nonperturbatively. The evolution equations are derived from the Boltzmann equation in the 14-moment approximation, using an expansion around an anisotropic leading-order distribution function with two momentum-space deformation parameters, accounting for the longitudinal and transverse pressures. To obtain their evolution we impose generalized Landau matching conditions for the longitudinal and transverse pressures. We describe an approximate anisotropic equation of state that relates the anisotropy parameters with the macroscopic pressures. Residual shear stresses are smaller and are treated perturbatively, as in standard second-order dissipative fluid dynamics. The resulting optimized viscous anisotropic hydrodynamic evolution equations are derived in $3+1$ dimensions and tested in a ($0+1$)-dimensional Bjorkenmore »
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1439732
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1503827; OSTI ID: 1604327
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0004286; ACI-1550223
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review C
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Physical Review C Journal Volume: 97 Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; collective flow; equations of state of nuclear matter; quark-gluon plasma; relativistic heavy-ion collisions; relativistic hydrodynamics
Citation Formats
McNelis, M., Bazow, D., and Heinz, U. ( 3 + 1 )-dimensional anisotropic fluid dynamics with a lattice QCD equation of state. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054912.
McNelis, M., Bazow, D., & Heinz, U. ( 3 + 1 )-dimensional anisotropic fluid dynamics with a lattice QCD equation of state. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054912
McNelis, M., Bazow, D., and Heinz, U. Thu .
"( 3 + 1 )-dimensional anisotropic fluid dynamics with a lattice QCD equation of state". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054912.
@article{osti_1439732,
title = {( 3 + 1 )-dimensional anisotropic fluid dynamics with a lattice QCD equation of state},
author = {McNelis, M. and Bazow, D. and Heinz, U.},
abstractNote = {Anisotropic hydrodynamics improves upon standard dissipative fluid dynamics by treating certain large dissipative corrections nonperturbatively. Relativistic heavy-ion collisions feature two such large dissipative effects: (i) Strongly anisotropic expansion generates a large shear stress component which manifests itself in very different longitudinal and transverse pressures, especially at early times. (ii) Critical fluctuations near the quark-hadron phase transition lead to a large bulk viscous pressure on the conversion surface between hydrodynamics and a microscopic hadronic cascade description of the final collision stage. We present a new dissipative hydrodynamic formulation for nonconformal fluids where both of these effects are treated nonperturbatively. The evolution equations are derived from the Boltzmann equation in the 14-moment approximation, using an expansion around an anisotropic leading-order distribution function with two momentum-space deformation parameters, accounting for the longitudinal and transverse pressures. To obtain their evolution we impose generalized Landau matching conditions for the longitudinal and transverse pressures. We describe an approximate anisotropic equation of state that relates the anisotropy parameters with the macroscopic pressures. Residual shear stresses are smaller and are treated perturbatively, as in standard second-order dissipative fluid dynamics. The resulting optimized viscous anisotropic hydrodynamic evolution equations are derived in $3+1$ dimensions and tested in a ($0+1$)-dimensional Bjorken expansion, using a state-of-the-art lattice equation of state. Comparisons with other viscous hydrodynamical frameworks are presented.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevC.97.054912},
journal = {Physical Review C},
number = 5,
volume = 97,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Thu May 31 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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