3D Wettable Framework for Dendrite-Free Alkali Metal Anodes
Abstract
The infinite volume change and dendritic behavior in alkali metal anodes lead to low Coulombic efficiency and short-circuit issues that significantly hamper renewed efforts at commercialization. In this study, a dendrite-free alkali metal anode, made by thermally preloading molten Li or Na into a 3D framework with high alkali wettability, is reported. In the mechanically robust 3D framework, carbon fiber (CF) serves as an electrical highway that provides fast charge transfer for the redox reaction. Through a facile solution-based process, a SnO2 coating is introduced to modify the poor wetting behavior of the carbon framework and drastically improve both the electrochemical performance and reliability. The kinetic barrier to adhesion of molten alkali metals on the CF framework is eliminated by the mixed reaction with SnO2. The growth of dendrites is effectively repressed under the decreased local current density of the 3D framework. In full-cell configurations with LiFePO4 cathodes, the Li–CF electrode shows reduced polarization and 90% capacity retention after 500 cycles in traditional carbonate electrolyte. Comparable improvements are also observed in 3D electrodes for Na metal batteries. These findings on a stable 3D carbon framework with improved wetting behavior provide significant practical implications for achieving safe and commercially viable alkalimore »
- Authors:
-
[1]
- Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1470662
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1436545
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0001160
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Energy Materials
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 18; Related Information: NEES partners with University of Maryland (lead); University of California, Irvine; University of Florida; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Sandia National Laboratories; Yale University; Journal ID: ISSN 1614-6832
- Publisher:
- Wiley
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 25 ENERGY STORAGE; bio-inspired; energy storage (including batteries and capacitors); defects; charge transport; synthesis (novel materials); synthesis (self-assembly); synthesis (scalable processing); 3D frameworks; dendrite-free; lithium metal anodes; sodium metal anodes; thermal infusion
Citation Formats
Zhang, Ying, Wang, Chengwei, Pastel, Glenn, Kuang, Yudi, Xie, Hua, Li, Yiju, Liu, Boyang, Luo, Wei, Chen, Chaoji, and Hu, Liangbing. 3D Wettable Framework for Dendrite-Free Alkali Metal Anodes. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1002/aenm.201800635.
Zhang, Ying, Wang, Chengwei, Pastel, Glenn, Kuang, Yudi, Xie, Hua, Li, Yiju, Liu, Boyang, Luo, Wei, Chen, Chaoji, & Hu, Liangbing. 3D Wettable Framework for Dendrite-Free Alkali Metal Anodes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800635
Zhang, Ying, Wang, Chengwei, Pastel, Glenn, Kuang, Yudi, Xie, Hua, Li, Yiju, Liu, Boyang, Luo, Wei, Chen, Chaoji, and Hu, Liangbing. Wed .
"3D Wettable Framework for Dendrite-Free Alkali Metal Anodes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800635. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1470662.
@article{osti_1470662,
title = {3D Wettable Framework for Dendrite-Free Alkali Metal Anodes},
author = {Zhang, Ying and Wang, Chengwei and Pastel, Glenn and Kuang, Yudi and Xie, Hua and Li, Yiju and Liu, Boyang and Luo, Wei and Chen, Chaoji and Hu, Liangbing},
abstractNote = {The infinite volume change and dendritic behavior in alkali metal anodes lead to low Coulombic efficiency and short-circuit issues that significantly hamper renewed efforts at commercialization. In this study, a dendrite-free alkali metal anode, made by thermally preloading molten Li or Na into a 3D framework with high alkali wettability, is reported. In the mechanically robust 3D framework, carbon fiber (CF) serves as an electrical highway that provides fast charge transfer for the redox reaction. Through a facile solution-based process, a SnO2 coating is introduced to modify the poor wetting behavior of the carbon framework and drastically improve both the electrochemical performance and reliability. The kinetic barrier to adhesion of molten alkali metals on the CF framework is eliminated by the mixed reaction with SnO2. The growth of dendrites is effectively repressed under the decreased local current density of the 3D framework. In full-cell configurations with LiFePO4 cathodes, the Li–CF electrode shows reduced polarization and 90% capacity retention after 500 cycles in traditional carbonate electrolyte. Comparable improvements are also observed in 3D electrodes for Na metal batteries. These findings on a stable 3D carbon framework with improved wetting behavior provide significant practical implications for achieving safe and commercially viable alkali metal anodes.},
doi = {10.1002/aenm.201800635},
journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
number = 18,
volume = 8,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 09 00:00:00 EDT 2018},
month = {Wed May 09 00:00:00 EDT 2018}
}
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