Design and Synthesis of 3D Potassium-Ion Pre-Intercalated Graphene for Supercapacitors

Chang, Liang; Stacchiola, Dario J.; Hu, Yun Hang

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05413

Title: Design and Synthesis of 3D Potassium-Ion Pre-Intercalated Graphene for Supercapacitors

Journal Article · 22 February 2018 · Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05413 · OSTI ID:1436450

Chang, Liang ^[1];

^[2];

^[3]

Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. (China). School of Environmental Science and Engineering

Here in this paper, a novel material—3D potassium-ion preintercalated graphene—was designed and synthesized via one step using a new reaction between K and CO. Furthermore, this material exhibited excellent performance as electrodes for aqueous symmetrical supercapacitors. When the electrode was scaled up from 3.0 to 8.0 mg/cm², negligible capacitance degradation was observed, leading to a very high areal capacitance of 1.50 F/cm² at 1 A/g. Furthermore, even if a large operating temperature of -15 or 55 °C was employed, its excellent electrochemical performance remained with specific capacitances of 208 F/g at 55 °C, 184 F/g at 25 °C, and 98 F/g at -15 °C. This could be attributed to 3D structure and K+ preintercalation of the material, which provides rich active sites for electric double-layer formation, lower ion transport resistance, and shorter diffusion distance.

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