Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI2 Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination

Lin, Ming-Fu; Verkamp, Max A.; Leveillee, Joshua; Ryland, Elizabeth S.; Benke, Kristin; Zhang, Kaili; Weninger, Clemens; Shen, Xiaozhe; Li, Renkai; Fritz, David; Bergmann, Uwe; Wang, Xijie; Schleife, André; Vura-Weis, Josh

doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11147

Title: Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI₂ Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination

Abstract

Femtosecond carrier recombination in PbI₂ is measured using tabletop high-harmonic extreme ultraviolet (XUV) transient absorption spectroscopy and ultrafast electron diffraction. XUV absorption from 45 eV to 62 eV measures transitions from the iodine 4d core level to the conduction band density of states. Photoexcitation at 400 nm creates separate and distinct transient absorption signals for holes and electrons, separated in energy by the 2.4 eV band gap of the semiconductor. The shape of the conduction band and therefore the XUV absorption spectrum is temperature dependent, and nonradiative recombination converts the initial electronic excitation to thermal excitation within picoseconds. Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is used to measure the lattice temperature and confirm the recombination mechanism. Lastly, the XUV and UED results support a 2nd-order recombination model with a rate constant of 2.5x10^-9 cm³/s.

Authors:

Lin, Ming-Fu ^[1]; Verkamp, Max A. ^[2]; Leveillee, Joshua ^[3]; Ryland, Elizabeth S. ^[2]; Benke, Kristin ^[2]; Zhang, Kaili ^[2]; Weninger, Clemens ^[4]; Shen, Xiaozhe ^[5]; Li, Renkai ^[5]; Fritz, David ^[6]; Bergmann, Uwe ^[7]; Wang, Xijie ^[5];

^[8];

^[2]

Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States). Frederick Seitz Materials Research Lab., National Center for Supercomputing Applications, and Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering

Publication Date:: Thu Nov 30 00:00:00 EST 2017

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)

OSTI Identifier:: 1425349

Grant/Contract Number:: FA9550-14-1-0314; CBET-1437230; AC02-76SF00515; SC00014607

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Physical Chemistry. C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 121; Journal Issue: 50; Journal ID: ISSN 1932-7447

Publisher:: American Chemical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; High-Harmonic Generation; Carrier Dynamics; Extreme Ultraviolet; Semiconductor; Electron Diffraction

Citation Formats


                    Lin, Ming-Fu, Verkamp, Max A., Leveillee, Joshua, Ryland, Elizabeth S., Benke, Kristin, Zhang, Kaili, Weninger, Clemens, Shen, Xiaozhe, Li, Renkai, Fritz, David, Bergmann, Uwe, Wang, Xijie, Schleife, André, and Vura-Weis, Josh. Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI2 Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11147.

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                    Lin, Ming-Fu, Verkamp, Max A., Leveillee, Joshua, Ryland, Elizabeth S., Benke, Kristin, Zhang, Kaili, Weninger, Clemens, Shen, Xiaozhe, Li, Renkai, Fritz, David, Bergmann, Uwe, Wang, Xijie, Schleife, André, & Vura-Weis, Josh. Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI2 Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11147

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                    Lin, Ming-Fu, Verkamp, Max A., Leveillee, Joshua, Ryland, Elizabeth S., Benke, Kristin, Zhang, Kaili, Weninger, Clemens, Shen, Xiaozhe, Li, Renkai, Fritz, David, Bergmann, Uwe, Wang, Xijie, Schleife, André, and Vura-Weis, Josh. Thu .  
"Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI2 Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11147.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1425349.

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@article{osti_1425349,

  title        = {Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI2 Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination},

  author       = {Lin, Ming-Fu and Verkamp, Max A. and Leveillee, Joshua and Ryland, Elizabeth S. and Benke, Kristin and Zhang, Kaili and Weninger, Clemens and Shen, Xiaozhe and Li, Renkai and Fritz, David and Bergmann, Uwe and Wang, Xijie and Schleife, André and Vura-Weis, Josh},

  abstractNote = {Femtosecond carrier recombination in PbI2 is measured using tabletop high-harmonic extreme ultraviolet (XUV) transient absorption spectroscopy and ultrafast electron diffraction. XUV absorption from 45 eV to 62 eV measures transitions from the iodine 4d core level to the conduction band density of states. Photoexcitation at 400 nm creates separate and distinct transient absorption signals for holes and electrons, separated in energy by the 2.4 eV band gap of the semiconductor. The shape of the conduction band and therefore the XUV absorption spectrum is temperature dependent, and nonradiative recombination converts the initial electronic excitation to thermal excitation within picoseconds. Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is used to measure the lattice temperature and confirm the recombination mechanism. Lastly, the XUV and UED results support a 2nd-order recombination model with a rate constant of 2.5x10-9 cm3/s.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b11147},

  journal      = {Journal of Physical Chemistry. C},

  number       = 50,

  volume       = 121,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Nov 30 00:00:00 EST 2017},

  month        = {Thu Nov 30 00:00:00 EST 2017}

}

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Title: Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI2 Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination

Abstract

Citation Formats

Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Semiconductors and Semiconductor Nanostructures book, January 1999

Observation of a hot-phonon bottleneck in lead-iodide perovskites journal, October 2015

Screening in crystalline liquids protects energetic carriers in hybrid perovskites journal, September 2016

Electronic states of semiconductor clusters: Homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening of the optical spectrum journal, October 1988

Initial thermalization of photoexcited carriers in GaAs studied by femtosecond luminescence spectroscopy journal, April 1991

Dynamics of Photoexcited GaAs Band-Edge Absorption with Subpicosecond Resolution journal, January 1979

Photoluminescence dynamics due to biexcitons and exciton-exciton scattering in the layered-type semiconductor PbI 2 journal, October 2012

Simultaneous Observation of an Intraband Transition and Distinct Transient Species in the Infrared Region for Perovskite Solar Cells journal, June 2016

The Relaxation Pathways of CdSe Nanoparticles Monitored with Femtosecond Time-Resolution from the Visible to the IR: Assignment of the Transient Features by Carrier Quenching journal, December 2001

Ultrafast dynamics of inter- and intraband transitions in semiconductor nanocrystals: Implications for quantum-dot lasers journal, July 1999

Carrier dynamics in semiconductors studied with time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy journal, June 2011

Persistent Energetic Electrons in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin Films journal, November 2016

Extreme ultraviolet transient absorption of solids from femtosecond to attosecond timescales journal, January 2016

Femtosecond M 2,3 -Edge Spectroscopy of Transition-Metal Oxides: Photoinduced Oxidation State Change in α-Fe 2 O 3 journal, October 2013

Characterization of Photo-Induced Charge Transfer and Hot Carrier Relaxation Pathways in Spinel Cobalt Oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) journal, September 2014

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Remnant PbI 2 , an unforeseen necessity in high-efficiency hybrid perovskite-based solar cells? journal, September 2014

Femtosecond Time-Resolved Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Perovskite Films: Evidence for Passivation Effect of PbI 2 journal, August 2014

Unraveling the Effect of PbI 2 Concentration on Charge Recombination Kinetics in Perovskite Solar Cells journal, April 2015

Laser action and photoexcitations dynamics in PbI_2 films journal, January 2015

Ultrafast photoinduced dynamics of the organolead trihalide perovskite CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 on mesoporous TiO 2 scaffolds in the 320–920 nm range journal, January 2015

Impact of spatial chirp on high-harmonic extreme ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy of thin films journal, January 2016

Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization journal, September 1993

Absorption Spectra of PbI 2 Layered Crystals in 2–100 eV Range journal, May 1988

Extreme-Ultraviolet Spectra of Ionic Crystals journal, September 1970

Tight binding band structure of PbI2 using scaled parameters journal, June 1978

Electronic and optical properties of lead iodide journal, December 2002

Hot-carrier cooling and photoinduced refractive index changes in organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites journal, September 2015

Band filling with free charge carriers in organometal halide perovskites journal, August 2014

Localized holes and delocalized electrons in photoexcited inorganic perovskites: Watching each atomic actor by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy journal, July 2017

Mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory journal, July 2015

Debye-Waller Factors of Cubic Metals journal, February 1971

Dynamic Structural Response and Deformations of Monolayer MoS 2 Visualized by Femtosecond Electron Diffraction journal, September 2015

The exciton spectrum of lead iodide journal, April 1965

Trapping levels in PbI2 journal, January 1978

Conductivity behavior in polycrystalline semiconductor thin film transistors journal, February 1982

Statistics of the Recombinations of Holes and Electrons journal, September 1952

Ultrafast recombination and trapping in amorphous silicon journal, February 1990

Observation of Rapid Exciton–Exciton Annihilation in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide journal, September 2014

Free‐carrier and temperature effects in amorphous silicon thin films journal, September 1988

Nanometer-sized particles of lead iodide embedded in silica films journal, February 1994

Excitation energy dependence of biexciton formation efficiency in PbI2 journal, March 1995

Femtosecond M 2,3 -Edge Spectroscopy of Transition-Metal Oxides: Photoinduced Oxidation State Change in α-Fe 2 O 3 journal, October 2013

Three applications of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy of semiconductor thin films: spectroelectrochemistry, microscopy, and identification of thermal contributions journal, January 2018

Photoinduced valence tautomerism of a cobalt-dioxolene complex revealed with femtosecond M-edge XANES journal, September 2019

Decomposing electronic and lattice contributions in optical pump – X-ray probe transient inner-shell absorption spectroscopy of CuO journal, January 2019

Decomposing electronic and lattice contributions in optical pump – X-ray probe transient inner-shell absorption spectroscopy of CuO text, January 2019

Title: Carrier-Specific Femtosecond XUV Transient Absorption of PbI₂ Reveals Ultrafast Nonradiative Recombination

Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Semiconductors and Semiconductor Nanostructures
book, January 1999

Observation of a hot-phonon bottleneck in lead-iodide perovskites
journal, October 2015

Screening in crystalline liquids protects energetic carriers in hybrid perovskites
journal, September 2016

Electronic states of semiconductor clusters: Homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening of the optical spectrum
journal, October 1988

Initial thermalization of photoexcited carriers in GaAs studied by femtosecond luminescence spectroscopy
journal, April 1991

Dynamics of Photoexcited GaAs Band-Edge Absorption with Subpicosecond Resolution
journal, January 1979

Photoluminescence dynamics due to biexcitons and exciton-exciton scattering in the layered-type semiconductor PbI $_{2}$
journal, October 2012

Simultaneous Observation of an Intraband Transition and Distinct Transient Species in the Infrared Region for Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, June 2016

The Relaxation Pathways of CdSe Nanoparticles Monitored with Femtosecond Time-Resolution from the Visible to the IR: Assignment of the Transient Features by Carrier Quenching
journal, December 2001

Ultrafast dynamics of inter- and intraband transitions in semiconductor nanocrystals: Implications for quantum-dot lasers
journal, July 1999

Carrier dynamics in semiconductors studied with time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy
journal, June 2011

Persistent Energetic Electrons in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin Films
journal, November 2016

Extreme ultraviolet transient absorption of solids from femtosecond to attosecond timescales
journal, January 2016

Femtosecond M _2,3 -Edge Spectroscopy of Transition-Metal Oxides: Photoinduced Oxidation State Change in α-Fe ₂ O ₃
journal, October 2013

Characterization of Photo-Induced Charge Transfer and Hot Carrier Relaxation Pathways in Spinel Cobalt Oxide (Co ₃ O ₄ )
journal, September 2014

Excitation-wavelength-dependent small polaron trapping of photoexcited carriers in α-Fe2O3
journal, July 2017

Attosecond band-gap dynamics in silicon
journal, December 2014

Direct and simultaneous observation of ultrafast electron and hole dynamics in germanium
journal, June 2017

Ultrafast carrier thermalization and trapping in silicon-germanium alloy probed by extreme ultraviolet transient absorption spectroscopy
journal, July 2017

Controllable Self-Induced Passivation of Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskites toward High Performance Solar Cells
journal, June 2014

Adverse Effects of Excess Residual PbI ₂ on Photovoltaic Performance, Charge Separation, and Trap-State Properties in Mesoporous Structured Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, February 2017

Is Excess PbI ₂ Beneficial for Perovskite Solar Cell Performance?
journal, January 2016

Remnant PbI ₂ , an unforeseen necessity in high-efficiency hybrid perovskite-based solar cells?
journal, September 2014

Femtosecond Time-Resolved Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ Perovskite Films: Evidence for Passivation Effect of PbI ₂
journal, August 2014

Unraveling the Effect of PbI ₂ Concentration on Charge Recombination Kinetics in Perovskite Solar Cells
journal, April 2015

Laser action and photoexcitations dynamics in PbI_2 films
journal, January 2015

Ultrafast photoinduced dynamics of the organolead trihalide perovskite CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ on mesoporous TiO ₂ scaffolds in the 320–920 nm range
journal, January 2015

Impact of spatial chirp on high-harmonic extreme ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy of thin films
journal, January 2016

Plasma perspective on strong field multiphoton ionization
journal, September 1993

Absorption Spectra of PbI ₂ Layered Crystals in 2–100 eV Range
journal, May 1988

Extreme-Ultraviolet Spectra of Ionic Crystals
journal, September 1970

Tight binding band structure of PbI2 using scaled parameters
journal, June 1978

Electronic and optical properties of lead iodide
journal, December 2002

Hot-carrier cooling and photoinduced refractive index changes in organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites
journal, September 2015

Band filling with free charge carriers in organometal halide perovskites
journal, August 2014

Localized holes and delocalized electrons in photoexcited inorganic perovskites: Watching each atomic actor by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy
journal, July 2017

Mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
journal, July 2015

Debye-Waller Factors of Cubic Metals
journal, February 1971

Dynamic Structural Response and Deformations of Monolayer MoS ₂ Visualized by Femtosecond Electron Diffraction
journal, September 2015

The exciton spectrum of lead iodide
journal, April 1965

Trapping levels in PbI2
journal, January 1978

Conductivity behavior in polycrystalline semiconductor thin film transistors
journal, February 1982

Statistics of the Recombinations of Holes and Electrons
journal, September 1952

Ultrafast recombination and trapping in amorphous silicon
journal, February 1990

Observation of Rapid Exciton–Exciton Annihilation in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide
journal, September 2014

Free‐carrier and temperature effects in amorphous silicon thin films
journal, September 1988

Nanometer-sized particles of lead iodide embedded in silica films
journal, February 1994

Excitation energy dependence of biexciton formation efficiency in PbI2
journal, March 1995

Femtosecond M _2,3 -Edge Spectroscopy of Transition-Metal Oxides: Photoinduced Oxidation State Change in α-Fe ₂ O ₃
journal, October 2013

Three applications of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy of semiconductor thin films: spectroelectrochemistry, microscopy, and identification of thermal contributions
journal, January 2018

Photoinduced valence tautomerism of a cobalt-dioxolene complex revealed with femtosecond M-edge XANES
journal, September 2019

Decomposing electronic and lattice contributions in optical pump – X-ray probe transient inner-shell absorption spectroscopy of CuO
journal, January 2019

Decomposing electronic and lattice contributions in optical pump – X-ray probe transient inner-shell absorption spectroscopy of CuO
text, January 2019