The Millennial model: in search of measurable pools and transformations for modeling soil carbon in the new century
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) can be defined by measurable chemical and physical pools, such as mineral-associated carbon, carbon physically entrapped in aggregates, dissolved carbon, and fragments of plant detritus. Yet, most soil models use conceptual rather than measurable SOC pools. What would the traditional pool-based soil model look like if it were built today, reflecting the latest understanding of biological, chemical, and physical transformations in soils? We propose a conceptual model—the Millennial model—that defines pools as measurable entities. First, we discuss relevant pool definitions conceptually and in terms of the measurements that can be used to quantify pool size, formation, and destabilization. Then, we develop a numerical model following the Millennial model conceptual framework to evaluate against the Century model, a widely-used standard for estimating SOC stocks across space and through time. The Millennial model predicts qualitatively similar changes in total SOC in response to single factor perturbations when compared to Century, but different responses to multiple factor perturbations. We review important conceptual and behavioral differences between the Millennial and Century modeling approaches, and the field and lab measurements needed to constrain parameter values. We propose the Millennial model as a simple but comprehensive framework to model SOC pools andmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[10]
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division
- San Diego State Univ., San Diego (United States). Biology Dept.
- Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States). Natural Resource Ecology Lab.
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Biosciences Division; Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Biological Sciences
- Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States). Dept. of Microbiology and Plant Biology
- Univ. of Maryland, Frostburg, MD (United States). enter for Environmental Science, and Appalachian Lab.
- Boston Univ., MA (United States). Dept. of Biology and PhD Program in Biogeoscience
- Univ. of Toledo, OH (United States). Dept. of Environmental Sciences
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Environmental Science Division & Climate Change Science Inst.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1423111
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1468271; OSTI ID: 1476592
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Biogeochemistry
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 137; Journal Issue: 1-2; Journal ID: ISSN 0168-2563
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Modeling; Soil carbon; Organic matter; Microbial activity; Decomposition; Global change
Citation Formats
Abramoff, Rose, Xu, Xiaofeng, Hartman, Melannie, O’Brien, Sarah, Feng, Wenting, Davidson, Eric, Finzi, Adrien, Moorhead, Daryl, Schimel, Josh, Torn, Margaret, and Mayes, Melanie A. The Millennial model: in search of measurable pools and transformations for modeling soil carbon in the new century. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1007/s10533-017-0409-7.
Abramoff, Rose, Xu, Xiaofeng, Hartman, Melannie, O’Brien, Sarah, Feng, Wenting, Davidson, Eric, Finzi, Adrien, Moorhead, Daryl, Schimel, Josh, Torn, Margaret, & Mayes, Melanie A. The Millennial model: in search of measurable pools and transformations for modeling soil carbon in the new century. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0409-7
Abramoff, Rose, Xu, Xiaofeng, Hartman, Melannie, O’Brien, Sarah, Feng, Wenting, Davidson, Eric, Finzi, Adrien, Moorhead, Daryl, Schimel, Josh, Torn, Margaret, and Mayes, Melanie A. Wed .
"The Millennial model: in search of measurable pools and transformations for modeling soil carbon in the new century". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0409-7. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1423111.
@article{osti_1423111,
title = {The Millennial model: in search of measurable pools and transformations for modeling soil carbon in the new century},
author = {Abramoff, Rose and Xu, Xiaofeng and Hartman, Melannie and O’Brien, Sarah and Feng, Wenting and Davidson, Eric and Finzi, Adrien and Moorhead, Daryl and Schimel, Josh and Torn, Margaret and Mayes, Melanie A.},
abstractNote = {Soil organic carbon (SOC) can be defined by measurable chemical and physical pools, such as mineral-associated carbon, carbon physically entrapped in aggregates, dissolved carbon, and fragments of plant detritus. Yet, most soil models use conceptual rather than measurable SOC pools. What would the traditional pool-based soil model look like if it were built today, reflecting the latest understanding of biological, chemical, and physical transformations in soils? We propose a conceptual model—the Millennial model—that defines pools as measurable entities. First, we discuss relevant pool definitions conceptually and in terms of the measurements that can be used to quantify pool size, formation, and destabilization. Then, we develop a numerical model following the Millennial model conceptual framework to evaluate against the Century model, a widely-used standard for estimating SOC stocks across space and through time. The Millennial model predicts qualitatively similar changes in total SOC in response to single factor perturbations when compared to Century, but different responses to multiple factor perturbations. We review important conceptual and behavioral differences between the Millennial and Century modeling approaches, and the field and lab measurements needed to constrain parameter values. We propose the Millennial model as a simple but comprehensive framework to model SOC pools and guide measurements for further model development.},
doi = {10.1007/s10533-017-0409-7},
journal = {Biogeochemistry},
number = 1-2,
volume = 137,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Wed Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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Fig. 1: Conceptual model diagram of the Millennial (top) and Century models (bottom). The black boxes are carbon pools, and the colored boxes are fluxes. Solid arrows indicate the direction of each flux. The color legend indicates edaphic, biological, and climatic factors that may modify the rate of a givenmore »
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