Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells

Shiau, Huai-Suen; Zenyuk, Iryna V.; Weber, Adam Z.

doi:10.1149/2.0531711jes

Title: Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells

Abstract

Water management is a serious concern for alkaline-exchange-membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) because water is a reactant in the alkaline oxygen-reduction reaction and hydroxide conduction in alkaline-exchange membranes is highly hydration dependent. Here in this article, we develop and use a multiphysics, multiphase model to explore water management in AEMFCs. We demonstrate that the low performance is mostly caused by extremely non-uniform distribution of water in the ionomer phase. A sensitivity analysis of design parameters including humidification strategies, membrane properties, and water transport resistance was undertaken to explore possible optimization strategies. Furthermore, the strategy and issues of reducing bicarbonate/carbonate buildup in the membrane-electrode assembly with CO₂ from air is demonstrated based on the model prediction. Overall, mathematical modeling is used to explore trends and strategies to overcome performance bottlenecks and help enable AEMFC commercialization.

Authors:

Shiau, Huai-Suen ^[1];

^[2];

^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Energy Conversion Group, Energy Technology Area
Tufts Univ., Medford, MA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date:: Sat Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1420105

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 164; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; AEMFC; Alkaline; carbon dioxide; Fuel Cell; hydroxide; Modeling water management

Citation Formats


                    Shiau, Huai-Suen, Zenyuk, Iryna V., and Weber, Adam Z. Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1149/2.0531711jes.

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                    Shiau, Huai-Suen, Zenyuk, Iryna V., & Weber, Adam Z. Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0531711jes

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                    Shiau, Huai-Suen, Zenyuk, Iryna V., and Weber, Adam Z. Sat .  
"Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0531711jes.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1420105.

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@article{osti_1420105,

  title        = {Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells},

  author       = {Shiau, Huai-Suen and Zenyuk, Iryna V. and Weber, Adam Z.},

  abstractNote = {Water management is a serious concern for alkaline-exchange-membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) because water is a reactant in the alkaline oxygen-reduction reaction and hydroxide conduction in alkaline-exchange membranes is highly hydration dependent. Here in this article, we develop and use a multiphysics, multiphase model to explore water management in AEMFCs. We demonstrate that the low performance is mostly caused by extremely non-uniform distribution of water in the ionomer phase. A sensitivity analysis of design parameters including humidification strategies, membrane properties, and water transport resistance was undertaken to explore possible optimization strategies. Furthermore, the strategy and issues of reducing bicarbonate/carbonate buildup in the membrane-electrode assembly with CO2 from air is demonstrated based on the model prediction. Overall, mathematical modeling is used to explore trends and strategies to overcome performance bottlenecks and help enable AEMFC commercialization.},

  doi          = {10.1149/2.0531711jes},

  journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 164,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sat Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Sat Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Along-the-Channel Impacts of Water Management and Carbon-Dioxide Contamination in Hydroxide-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells: A Modeling Study
journal, January 2019

Gerhardt, Michael R.; Pant, Lalit M.; Weber, Adam Z.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 7
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Predicting the Effects of Carbon Dioxide on the Conductivity of Electrospun Anion Exchange Membranes
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Wrubel, Jacob A.; Peracchio, Aldo A.; Cassenti, Brice N.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 14
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Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance in the Presence of Carbon Dioxide: An Investigation into the Self-Purging Mechanism
journal, January 2019

Wrubel, Jacob A.; Peracchio, Aldo A.; Cassenti, Brice N.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 166, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1149/2.0801912jes

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Title: Elucidating Performance Limitations in Alkaline-Exchange- Membrane Fuel Cells

Abstract

Citation Formats

Importance of balancing membrane and electrode water in anion exchange membrane fuel cells journal, January 2018

Pt–Ru catalyzed hydrogen oxidation in alkaline media: oxophilic effect or electronic effect? journal, January 2015

New Insights into Perfluorinated Sulfonic-Acid Ionomers journal, January 2017

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Thickness dependence of water permeation through proton exchange membranes journal, November 2010

Direction and Management of Water Movement in Solid-State Alkaline Fuel Cells journal, March 2012

Dynamic electrochemical model of an alkaline fuel cell stack journal, September 2007

Three-dimensional multiphase modeling of alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell journal, April 2014

Anion exchange membranes: Current status and moving forward journal, October 2013

A Mathematical Model of a Hydrogen/Oxygen Alkaline Fuel Cell journal, January 1991

Water uptake, ionic conductivity and swelling properties of anion-exchange membrane journal, December 2013

Carbonate Dynamics and Opportunities With Low Temperature, Anion Exchange Membrane-Based Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Separators journal, May 2017

Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes journal, January 2004

Mass balance and water management for hydrogen-air fuel cells of the alkaline matrix type journal, June 1998

Understanding Impacts of Catalyst-Layer Thickness on Fuel-Cell Performance via Mathematical Modeling journal, January 2016

Silver nanowire catalysts for alkaline fuel cells journal, October 2008

A Critical Review of Modeling Transport Phenomena in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells journal, January 2014

Water transport in the proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell: measurements of the effective drag coefficient journal, October 2001

Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes journal, January 2004

Interplay between water uptake, ion interactions, and conductivity in an e-beam grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) anion exchange membrane journal, January 2015

Water transport through short side chain perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer membranes journal, December 2016

Carbonate and Bicarbonate Ion Transport in Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes journal, January 2013

Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Media: From Mechanisms to Recent Advances of Catalysts journal, July 2015

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Highly active nanostructured palladium-ceria electrocatalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline medium journal, March 2017

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A basic solution journal, March 2013

Determination of the rate constants for the carbon dioxide to bicarbonate inter-conversion in pH-buffered seawater systems journal, June 2006

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Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reaction Kinetics on Platinum: Acid vs Alkaline Electrolytes journal, January 2010

Measurements of water uptake and transport properties in anion-exchange membranes journal, June 2010

Non-platinum cathode catalysts for alkaline membrane fuel cells journal, March 2012

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Modeling of hydrogen alkaline membrane fuel cell with interfacial effect and water management optimization journal, June 2016

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New Insights into Perfluorinated Sulfonic-Acid Ionomers
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Thermodynamic model for an alkaline fuel cell
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journal, February 2008

Thickness dependence of water permeation through proton exchange membranes
journal, November 2010

Direction and Management of Water Movement in Solid-State Alkaline Fuel Cells
journal, March 2012

Dynamic electrochemical model of an alkaline fuel cell stack
journal, September 2007

Three-dimensional multiphase modeling of alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell
journal, April 2014

Anion exchange membranes: Current status and moving forward
journal, October 2013

A Mathematical Model of a Hydrogen/Oxygen Alkaline Fuel Cell
journal, January 1991

Water uptake, ionic conductivity and swelling properties of anion-exchange membrane
journal, December 2013

Carbonate Dynamics and Opportunities With Low Temperature, Anion Exchange Membrane-Based Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Separators
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Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes
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Mass balance and water management for hydrogen-air fuel cells of the alkaline matrix type
journal, June 1998

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journal, January 2016

Silver nanowire catalysts for alkaline fuel cells
journal, October 2008

A Critical Review of Modeling Transport Phenomena in Polymer-Electrolyte Fuel Cells
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Water transport in the proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell: measurements of the effective drag coefficient
journal, October 2001

Transport in Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes
journal, January 2004

Interplay between water uptake, ion interactions, and conductivity in an e-beam grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) anion exchange membrane
journal, January 2015

Water transport through short side chain perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer membranes
journal, December 2016

Carbonate and Bicarbonate Ion Transport in Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes
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Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Media: From Mechanisms to Recent Advances of Catalysts
journal, July 2015

Nickel supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as hydrogen oxidation reaction catalyst in alkaline electrolyte
journal, January 2016

Efficient Metal-Free Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Medium on High-Surface-Area Mesoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbons Made from Ionic Liquids and Nucleobases
journal, January 2011

Investigating Evaporation in Gas Diffusion Layers for Fuel Cells with X-ray Computed Tomography
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journal, January 2014

Highly active nanostructured palladium-ceria electrocatalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction in alkaline medium
journal, March 2017

Kinetics of the Hydrogen Oxidation/Evolution Reaction on Polycrystalline Platinum in Alkaline Electrolyte Reaction Order with Respect to Hydrogen Pressure
journal, January 2014

Water Movement in a Solid-State Alkaline Fuel Cell Affected by the Anion-Exchange Pore-Filling Membrane Properties
journal, August 2013

Water management in alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell anode
journal, December 2012

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journal, March 2013

Determination of the rate constants for the carbon dioxide to bicarbonate inter-conversion in pH-buffered seawater systems
journal, June 2006

Interfacial Water Transport Effects in Proton-Exchange Membranes
journal, November 2010

Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reaction Kinetics on Platinum: Acid vs Alkaline Electrolytes
journal, January 2010

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Non-platinum cathode catalysts for alkaline membrane fuel cells
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Modeling of hydrogen alkaline membrane fuel cell with interfacial effect and water management optimization
journal, June 2016

Water management in an alkaline fuel cell
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Along-the-Channel Impacts of Water Management and Carbon-Dioxide Contamination in Hydroxide-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells: A Modeling Study
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Predicting the Effects of Carbon Dioxide on the Conductivity of Electrospun Anion Exchange Membranes
journal, January 2019

Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance in the Presence of Carbon Dioxide: An Investigation into the Self-Purging Mechanism
journal, January 2019