Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance

Miller, Samuel A.; Witting, Ian; Aydemir, Umut; Peng, Lintao; Rettie, Alexander J.  E.; Gorai, Prashun; Chung, Duck Young; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.; Grayson, Matthew; Stevanovic, Vladan; Toberer, Eric S.; Snyder, G. Jeffrey

doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.014025

Title: Polycrystalline ${ZrTe}_{5}$ Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance

Abstract

The transition-metal pentatellurides HfTe5 and ZrTe5 have been studied for their exotic transport properties with much debate over the transport mechanism, band gap, and cause of the resistivity behavior, including a large low-temperature resistivity peak. Single crystals grown by the chemical-vapor-transport method have shown an n-p transition of the Seebeck coefficient at the same temperature as a peak in the resistivity. We show that behavior similar to that of single crystals can be observed in iodine-doped polycrystalline samples but that undoped polycrystalline samples exhibit drastically different properties: they are p type over the entire temperature range. Additionally, the thermal conductivity for polycrystalline samples is much lower, 1.5 Wm^-1 K^-1, than previously reported for single crystals. It is found that the polycrystalline ZrTe₅ system can be modeled as a simple semiconductor with conduction and valence bands both contributing to transport, separated by a band gap of 20 meV. This model demonstrates to first order that a simple two-band model can explain the transition from n- to p-type behavior and the cause of the anomalous resistivity peak. Combined with the experimental data, the two-band model shows that carrier concentration variation is responsible for differences in behavior between samples. Using the twoband model,more »« less

Authors:

Miller, Samuel A. ^[1]; Witting, Ian ^[1]; Aydemir, Umut ^[2]; Peng, Lintao ^[1]; Rettie, Alexander J. E. ^[3]; Gorai, Prashun ^[4]; Chung, Duck Young ^[3]; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. ^[5]; Grayson, Matthew ^[1]; Stevanovic, Vladan ^[4]; Toberer, Eric S. ^[4]; Snyder, G. Jeffrey ^[1]

Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States); Koc Univ., Istanbul (Turkey)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Jan 24 00:00:00 EST 2018

Research Org.:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3TEC); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1423194

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1417937; OSTI ID: 1419961

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5K00-71006
Journal ID: ISSN 2331-7019; PRAHB2; TRN: US1801719

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; SC0001299; FG02-09ER46577; AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Applied

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2331-7019

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; band gap; charge density waves; thermoelectric effects; semiconductor compounds

Citation Formats


                    Miller, Samuel A., Witting, Ian, Aydemir, Umut, Peng, Lintao, Rettie, Alexander J.  E., Gorai, Prashun, Chung, Duck Young, Kanatzidis, Mercouri G., Grayson, Matthew, Stevanovic, Vladan, Toberer, Eric S., and Snyder, G. Jeffrey. Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.014025.

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                    Miller, Samuel A., Witting, Ian, Aydemir, Umut, Peng, Lintao, Rettie, Alexander J.  E., Gorai, Prashun, Chung, Duck Young, Kanatzidis, Mercouri G., Grayson, Matthew, Stevanovic, Vladan, Toberer, Eric S., & Snyder, G. Jeffrey. Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.014025

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                    Miller, Samuel A., Witting, Ian, Aydemir, Umut, Peng, Lintao, Rettie, Alexander J.  E., Gorai, Prashun, Chung, Duck Young, Kanatzidis, Mercouri G., Grayson, Matthew, Stevanovic, Vladan, Toberer, Eric S., and Snyder, G. Jeffrey. Wed .  
"Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.014025.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1423194.

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@article{osti_1423194,

  title        = {Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance},

  author       = {Miller, Samuel A. and Witting, Ian and Aydemir, Umut and Peng, Lintao and Rettie, Alexander J.  E. and Gorai, Prashun and Chung, Duck Young and Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. and Grayson, Matthew and Stevanovic, Vladan and Toberer, Eric S. and Snyder, G. Jeffrey},

  abstractNote = {The transition-metal pentatellurides HfTe5 and ZrTe5 have been studied for their exotic transport properties with much debate over the transport mechanism, band gap, and cause of the resistivity behavior, including a large low-temperature resistivity peak. Single crystals grown by the chemical-vapor-transport method have shown an n-p transition of the Seebeck coefficient at the same temperature as a peak in the resistivity. We show that behavior similar to that of single crystals can be observed in iodine-doped polycrystalline samples but that undoped polycrystalline samples exhibit drastically different properties: they are p type over the entire temperature range. Additionally, the thermal conductivity for polycrystalline samples is much lower, 1.5 Wm-1 K-1, than previously reported for single crystals. It is found that the polycrystalline ZrTe5 system can be modeled as a simple semiconductor with conduction and valence bands both contributing to transport, separated by a band gap of 20 meV. This model demonstrates to first order that a simple two-band model can explain the transition from n- to p-type behavior and the cause of the anomalous resistivity peak. Combined with the experimental data, the two-band model shows that carrier concentration variation is responsible for differences in behavior between samples. Using the twoband model, the thermoelectric performance at different doping levels is predicted, finding zT =0.2 and 0.1 for p and n type, respectively, at 300 K, and zT= 0.23 and 0.32 for p and n type at 600 K. Given the reasonably high zT that is comparable in magnitude for both n and p type, a thermoelectric device with a single compound used for both legs is feasible.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.014025},

  journal      = {Physical Review Applied},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 9,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jan 24 00:00:00 EST 2018},

  month        = {Wed Jan 24 00:00:00 EST 2018}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.014025

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Cited by: 25 works

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Figures / Tables:

FIG. 1: Schematic of two band model for iodine doped polycrystalline sample (or vapor grown single crystals) showing movement of the Fermi level with increasing temperature and the resulting properties.

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Thermal Conductivity of HfTe ₅ : A Critical Revisit
journal, November 2019

Feng, Tianli; Wu, Xuewang; Yang, Xiaolong
Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201907286

Magneto-thermoelectric characterization of a HfTe ₅ micro-ribbon
journal, August 2019

Niemann, Anna Corinna; Gooth, Johannes; Sun, Yan
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1063/1.5116788

Log-periodic quantum magneto-oscillations and discrete-scale invariance in topological material HfTe5
journal, August 2019

Wang, Huichao; Liu, Yanzhao; Liu, Yongjie
National Science Review, Vol. 6, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz110

Hot carrier dynamics and phonon anharmonicity of ${ZrTe}_{5}$ revealed with femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy
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Li, Ning; Liang, Weizheng; Luo, Sheng-Nian
Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.101.014304

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Electrical resistivity, magnetization, and specific heat measurements were performed on polycrystalline samples of the filled-skutterudite systems La_1-xM_xPt₄Ge₁₂ (M = Ce, Th). Superconductivity in LaPt4Ge12 was quickly suppressed with Ce substitution and no evidence for superconductivity was found down to 1.1 K for x > 0.2. Temperature-dependent specific heat data at low temperatures for La_1-xCe_xPt₄Ge₁₂ show a change from power-law to exponential behavior, which may be an indication for multi-band superconductivity in LaPt₄Ge₁₂. A similar crossover was observed in the Pr_1-xCe_xPt₄Ge₁₂ system. However, the suppression rates of the superconducting transition temperatures, T_c(x), in the two systems are quite disparate, indicating amore »« less
Cited by 7
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.094501

Full Text Available
Benefits of Carrier-Pocket Anisotropy to Thermoelectric Performance: The Case of $p$ -Type ${AgBiSe}_{2}$

Journal Article Parker, David S. ; May, Andrew F. ; Singh, David J. - Physical Review Applied

Here we study theoretically the effects of anisotropy on the thermoelectric performance of p-type AgBiSe₂. We present an apparent realization of the thermoelectric benefits of one-dimensional plate-like carrier pocket anisotropy in the valence band of this material. Based on first principles calculations we find a substantial anisotropy in the electronic structure, likely favorable for thermoelectric performance, in the valence bands of the hexagonal phase of the silver chalcogenide thermoelectric AgBiSe₂, while the conduction bands are more isotropic, and in our experiments do not attain high performance. AgBiSe₂ has already exhibited a ZT value of 1.5 in a high-temperature disordered fccmore »« less
Cited by 82
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.3.064003

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Antiferromagnetism in semiconducting ${SrMn}_{2} {Sb}_{2}$ and ${BaMn}_{2} {Sb}_{2}$ single crystals

Journal Article Sangeetha, N. S. ; Smetana, V. ; Mudring, A. -V. ; ... - Physical Review B

Here, crystals of SrMn₂Sb₂ and BaMn₂Sb₂ were grown using Sn flux and characterized by powder and single-crystal x-ray diffraction, respectively, and by single-crystal electrical resistivity ρ, heat capacity C_p, and magnetic susceptibility χ measurements versus temperature T, and magnetization versus field M(H) isotherm measurements. SrMn₂Sb₂ adopts the trigonal CaAl₂Si₂-type structure, whereas BaMn₂Sb₂ crystallizes in the tetragonal ThCr₂Si₂-type structure. The ρ(T) data indicate semiconducting behaviors for both compounds with activation energies of ≳0.35 eV for SrMn₂Sb₂ and 0.16 eV for BaMn₂Sb₂. The χ(T) and C_p(T) data reveal antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering at T_N = 110 K for SrMn₂Sb₂ and 450 K formore »« less
Cited by 20
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.014402

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Title: Polycrystalline ZrTe 5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance

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Large enhancement of the resistive anomaly in the pentatelluride materials HfTe 5 and ZrTe 5 with applied magnetic field journal, September 1999

CRC Handbook of Thermoelectrics book, January 2017

Observation of a semimetal–semiconductor phase transition in the intermetallic ZrTe 5 journal, July 2004

Thermoelectric properties of pressure‐sintered Si 0.8 Ge 0.2 thermoelectric alloys journal, April 1991

Nature and topology of the low-energy states in ZrTe 5 journal, August 2016

Thermoelectric generators: Linking material properties and systems engineering for waste heat recovery applications journal, December 2014

Observation of Optical and Electrical In-Plane Anisotropy in High-Mobility Few-Layer ZrTe 5 journal, November 2016

Hall effect and transverse magnetoresistance in a low-dimensional conductor HfTe5 journal, June 1982

Zeeman splitting and dynamical mass generation in Dirac semimetal ZrTe5 journal, August 2016

Thermoelectric power of HfTe5 and ZrTe5 journal, June 1982

Quantum Oscillations at Integer and Fractional Landau Level Indices in Single-Crystalline ZrTe5 journal, October 2016

Enhancement of the power factor of the transition metal pentatelluride HfTe5 by rare-earth doping journal, January 2006

Measurement of Seebeck coefficient using a light pulse journal, May 1985

Evidence for electron-electron interaction in topological insulator thin films journal, June 2011

A New Thermoelectric Material: CsBi 4 Te 6 journal, May 2004

Three-dimensional nature of the band structure of ZrTe 5 measured by high-momentum-resolution photoemission spectroscopy journal, May 2017

Negative Evidences for Charge/Spin Density Wave in ZrTe 5 journal, February 1982

Electronic structure and transport in the low-temperature thermoelectric Cs Bi 4 Te 6 : Semiclassical transport equations journal, May 2006

Optical spectroscopy study of the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal ZrTe 5 journal, August 2015

Magnetoinfrared Spectroscopy of Landau Levels and Zeeman Splitting of Three-Dimensional Massless Dirac Fermions in ZrTe 5 journal, October 2015

PRESSURE EFFECTS IN HfTe 5 AND ZrTe 5 journal, June 1983

Enhancement in the figure of merit of p-type Bi 100−x Sb x alloys through multiple valence-band doping journal, July 2012

Calculated thermoelectric properties of La-filled skutterudites journal, July 1997

Enhanced thermopower and low thermal conductivity in p-type polycrystalline ZrTe 5 journal, July 2017

Thermoelectric Properties of p-type (Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>0.2</SUB>(Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>0.8</SUB> Thermoelectric Material Doped with PbTe [PbTeを添加したp型(Bi2Te3)0.2(Sb2Te3)0.8熱電材料の熱電特性] journal, January 2002

Effect of Ti substitution on the thermoelectric properties of the pentatelluride materials M1−xTixTe5 (M=Hf, Zr) journal, April 1998

Yb 14 MnSb 11 : New High Efficiency Thermoelectric Material for Power Generation journal, April 2006

Transition between strong and weak topological insulator in ZrTe5 and HfTe5 journal, April 2017

Skutterudite antimonides: Quasilinear bands and unusual transport journal, October 1994

Computational identification of promising thermoelectric materials among known quasi-2D binary compounds journal, January 2016

Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and Fermi surfaces in transition-metal pentatellurides ZrTe 5 and HfTe 5 journal, August 1987

Chiral anomaly and ultrahigh mobility in crystalline HfT e 5 journal, April 2016

Material descriptors for predicting thermoelectric performance journal, January 2015

Transport evidence for the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal phase in ZrT e 5 journal, March 2016

Thermoelectric Properties of Bismuth Telluride and its Alloys journal, March 1958

Measurement of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient at high temperatures journal, December 2012

Transport properties of Bi 1 − x Sb x alloy thin films grown on CdTe ( 111 ) B journal, April 1999

Transition-metal pentatellurides as potential low-temperature thermoelectric refrigeration materials journal, November 1999

Coexistence of topological Dirac fermions on the surface and three-dimensional Dirac cone state in the bulk of ZrTe5 single crystal journal, January 2017

Transition-Metal Pentatelluride ZrTe 5 and HfTe 5 : A Paradigm for Large-Gap Quantum Spin Hall Insulators journal, January 2014

Capturing Anharmonicity in a Lattice Thermal Conductivity Model for High-Throughput Predictions journal, November 2016

Structural properties of ZrTe5 and HfTe5 as seen by powder diffraction journal, October 1986

High Temperature Thermoelectric Properties of Yb<SUB>14–<I>x</I></SUB>Ca<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>MnSb<SUB>11</SUB> Made by Reaction of the Elements journal, August 2011

Giant resistivity and X-ray diffraction anomalies in low-dimensional ZrTe5 and HfTe5 journal, April 1982

Fermi surface, effective masses, and Dingle temperatures of ZrTe 5 as derived from the Shubnikov – de Haas effect journal, June 1985

Electronic structure of Zr Te 5 journal, July 1982

Possible phase transition in the quasi-one-dimensional materials Zr Te 5 or Hf Te 5 journal, September 1981

Experimental Observation of Topological Edge States at the Surface Step Edge of the Topological Insulator ZrTe 5 journal, April 2016

Influence of band structure on the large thermoelectric performance of lanthanum telluride journal, April 2009

WinCSD : software package for crystallographic calculations (Version 4) journal, March 2014

Lifshitz transition mediated electronic transport anomaly in bulk ZrTe 5 journal, January 2017

Evidence for Topological Edge States in a Large Energy Gap near the Step Edges on the Surface of ZrTe 5 journal, May 2016

TE Design Lab: A virtual laboratory for thermoelectric material design journal, February 2016

Suppression of the resistivity anomaly and corresponding thermopower behavior in the pentatelluride system by the addition of Sb: Hf 1 − X Zr X Te 5 − Y Sb Y journal, September 2001

Chiral magnetic effect in ZrTe5 journal, February 2016

Electronic evidence of temperature-induced Lifshitz transition and topological nature in ZrTe5 journal, May 2017

HfTe 5 and ZrTe 5 : Possible polaronic conductors journal, July 1999

Pressure-induced superconductivity in a three-dimensional topological material ZrTe 5 journal, February 2016

Microstructure, growth mechanism and anisotropic resistivity of quasi-one-dimensional ZrTe5 crystal journal, January 2017

Investigation of the thermal conductivity of the mixed pentatellurides Hf1−xZrxTe5 journal, October 2000

Achieving zT > 1 in Inexpensive Zintl Phase Ca 9 Zn 4+ x Sb 9 by Phase Boundary Mapping journal, March 2017

Thermal Conductivity of HfTe 5 : A Critical Revisit journal, November 2019

Magneto-thermoelectric characterization of a HfTe 5 micro-ribbon journal, August 2019

Log-periodic quantum magneto-oscillations and discrete-scale invariance in topological material HfTe5 journal, August 2019

Hot carrier dynamics and phonon anharmonicity of ZrTe 5 revealed with femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy journal, January 2020

Title: Polycrystalline ${ZrTe}_{5}$ Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance

Large enhancement of the resistive anomaly in the pentatelluride materials ${HfTe}_{5}$ and ${ZrTe}_{5}$ with applied magnetic field
journal, September 1999

CRC Handbook of Thermoelectrics
book, January 2017

Observation of a semimetal–semiconductor phase transition in the intermetallic ZrTe ₅
journal, July 2004

Thermoelectric properties of pressure‐sintered Si _0.8 Ge _0.2 thermoelectric alloys
journal, April 1991

Nature and topology of the low-energy states in ${ZrTe}_{5}$
journal, August 2016

Thermoelectric generators: Linking material properties and systems engineering for waste heat recovery applications
journal, December 2014

Observation of Optical and Electrical In-Plane Anisotropy in High-Mobility Few-Layer ZrTe ₅
journal, November 2016

Hall effect and transverse magnetoresistance in a low-dimensional conductor HfTe5
journal, June 1982

Zeeman splitting and dynamical mass generation in Dirac semimetal ZrTe5
journal, August 2016

Thermoelectric power of HfTe5 and ZrTe5
journal, June 1982

Quantum Oscillations at Integer and Fractional Landau Level Indices in Single-Crystalline ZrTe5
journal, October 2016

Enhancement of the power factor of the transition metal pentatelluride HfTe5 by rare-earth doping
journal, January 2006

Measurement of Seebeck coefficient using a light pulse
journal, May 1985

Evidence for electron-electron interaction in topological insulator thin films
journal, June 2011

A New Thermoelectric Material: CsBi ₄ Te ₆
journal, May 2004

Three-dimensional nature of the band structure of ${ZrTe}_{5}$ measured by high-momentum-resolution photoemission spectroscopy
journal, May 2017

Negative Evidences for Charge/Spin Density Wave in ZrTe ₅
journal, February 1982

Electronic structure and transport in the low-temperature thermoelectric $Cs {Bi}_{4} {Te}_{6}$ : Semiclassical transport equations
journal, May 2006

Optical spectroscopy study of the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal ${ZrTe}_{5}$
journal, August 2015

Magnetoinfrared Spectroscopy of Landau Levels and Zeeman Splitting of Three-Dimensional Massless Dirac Fermions in ${ZrTe}_{5}$
journal, October 2015

PRESSURE EFFECTS IN HfTe ₅ AND ZrTe ₅
journal, June 1983

Enhancement in the figure of merit of p-type Bi _100−x Sb _x alloys through multiple valence-band doping
journal, July 2012

Calculated thermoelectric properties of La-filled skutterudites
journal, July 1997

Enhanced thermopower and low thermal conductivity in p-type polycrystalline ZrTe ₅
journal, July 2017

Thermoelectric Properties of p-type (Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>0.2</SUB>(Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>0.8</SUB> Thermoelectric Material Doped with PbTe [PbTeを添加したp型(Bi₂Te₃)_0.2(Sb₂Te₃)_0.8熱電材料の熱電特性]
journal, January 2002

Effect of Ti substitution on the thermoelectric properties of the pentatelluride materials M1−xTixTe5 (M=Hf, Zr)
journal, April 1998

Yb ₁₄ MnSb ₁₁ : New High Efficiency Thermoelectric Material for Power Generation
journal, April 2006

Transition between strong and weak topological insulator in ZrTe5 and HfTe5
journal, April 2017

Skutterudite antimonides: Quasilinear bands and unusual transport
journal, October 1994

Computational identification of promising thermoelectric materials among known quasi-2D binary compounds
journal, January 2016

Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and Fermi surfaces in transition-metal pentatellurides ZrTe ₅ and HfTe ₅
journal, August 1987

Chiral anomaly and ultrahigh mobility in crystalline $HfT e_{5}$
journal, April 2016

Material descriptors for predicting thermoelectric performance
journal, January 2015

Transport evidence for the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal phase in $ZrT e_{5}$
journal, March 2016

Thermoelectric Properties of Bismuth Telluride and its Alloys
journal, March 1958

Measurement of the electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient at high temperatures
journal, December 2012

Transport properties of ${Bi}_{1 - x} {Sb}_{x}$ alloy thin films grown on $CdTe (111) B$
journal, April 1999

Transition-metal pentatellurides as potential low-temperature thermoelectric refrigeration materials
journal, November 1999

Coexistence of topological Dirac fermions on the surface and three-dimensional Dirac cone state in the bulk of ZrTe5 single crystal
journal, January 2017

Transition-Metal Pentatelluride $ZrTe_{5}$ and $HfTe_{5}$ : A Paradigm for Large-Gap Quantum Spin Hall Insulators
journal, January 2014

Capturing Anharmonicity in a Lattice Thermal Conductivity Model for High-Throughput Predictions
journal, November 2016

Structural properties of ZrTe5 and HfTe5 as seen by powder diffraction
journal, October 1986

High Temperature Thermoelectric Properties of Yb<SUB>14–<I>x</I></SUB>Ca<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>MnSb<SUB>11</SUB> Made by Reaction of the Elements
journal, August 2011

Giant resistivity and X-ray diffraction anomalies in low-dimensional ZrTe5 and HfTe5
journal, April 1982

Fermi surface, effective masses, and Dingle temperatures of ${ZrTe}_{5}$ as derived from the Shubnikov – de Haas effect
journal, June 1985

Electronic structure of Zr ${Te}_{5}$
journal, July 1982

Possible phase transition in the quasi-one-dimensional materials Zr ${Te}_{5}$ or Hf ${Te}_{5}$
journal, September 1981

Experimental Observation of Topological Edge States at the Surface Step Edge of the Topological Insulator ${ZrTe}_{5}$
journal, April 2016

Influence of band structure on the large thermoelectric performance of lanthanum telluride
journal, April 2009

WinCSD : software package for crystallographic calculations (Version 4)
journal, March 2014

Lifshitz transition mediated electronic transport anomaly in bulk ZrTe ₅
journal, January 2017

Evidence for Topological Edge States in a Large Energy Gap near the Step Edges on the Surface of ${ZrTe}_{5}$
journal, May 2016

TE Design Lab: A virtual laboratory for thermoelectric material design
journal, February 2016

Suppression of the resistivity anomaly and corresponding thermopower behavior in the pentatelluride system by the addition of Sb: ${Hf}_{1 - X} {Zr}_{X} {Te}_{5 - Y} {Sb}_{Y}$
journal, September 2001

Chiral magnetic effect in ZrTe5
journal, February 2016

Electronic evidence of temperature-induced Lifshitz transition and topological nature in ZrTe5
journal, May 2017

${HfTe}_{5}$ and ${ZrTe}_{5} :$ Possible polaronic conductors
journal, July 1999

Pressure-induced superconductivity in a three-dimensional topological material ZrTe ₅
journal, February 2016

Microstructure, growth mechanism and anisotropic resistivity of quasi-one-dimensional ZrTe5 crystal
journal, January 2017

Investigation of the thermal conductivity of the mixed pentatellurides Hf1−xZrxTe5
journal, October 2000

Achieving zT > 1 in Inexpensive Zintl Phase Ca ₉ Zn ₄₊ _x Sb ₉ by Phase Boundary Mapping
journal, March 2017

Thermal Conductivity of HfTe ₅ : A Critical Revisit
journal, November 2019

Magneto-thermoelectric characterization of a HfTe ₅ micro-ribbon
journal, August 2019

Log-periodic quantum magneto-oscillations and discrete-scale invariance in topological material HfTe5
journal, August 2019

Hot carrier dynamics and phonon anharmonicity of ${ZrTe}_{5}$ revealed with femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy
journal, January 2020