Structural and magnetic depth profiles of magneto-ionic heterostructures beyond the interface limit

Gilbert, Dustin A.; Grutter, Alexander J.; Arenholz, Elke; Liu, Kai; Kirby, B. J.; Borchers, Julie A.; Maranville, Brian B.

doi:10.1038/ncomms12264

Title: Structural and magnetic depth profiles of magneto-ionic heterostructures beyond the interface limit

Journal Article · Fri Jul 22 04:00:00 UTC 2016 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12264 · OSTI ID:1378347

^[1]; Grutter, Alexander J. ^[1]; Arenholz, Elke ^[2];

^[3]; Kirby, B. J. ^[1]; Borchers, Julie A. ^[1]; Maranville, Brian B. ^[1]

National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)

Electric field control of magnetism provides a promising route towards ultralow power information storage and sensor technologies. The effects of magneto-ionic motion have been prominently featured in the modification of interface characteristics. Here, we demonstrate magnetoelectric coupling moderated by voltage-driven oxygen migration beyond the interface in relatively thick AlO_x/GdO_x/Co(15 nm) films. Oxygen migration and Co magnetization are quantitatively mapped with polarized neutron reflectometry under electro-thermal conditioning. The depth-resolved profiles uniquely identify interfacial and bulk behaviours and a semi-reversible control of the magnetization. Magnetometry measurements suggest changes in the microstructure which disrupt long-range ferromagnetic ordering, resulting in an additional magnetically soft phase. X-ray spectroscopy confirms changes in the Co oxidation state, but not in the Gd, suggesting that the GdO_x transmits oxygen but does not source or sink it. These results together provide crucial insight into controlling magnetism via magneto-ionic motion, both at interfaces and throughout the bulk of the films.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1378347

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Vol. 7; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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