Identification of chalcone isomerase in the basal land plants reveals an ancient evolution of enzymatic cyclization activity for synthesis of flavonoids

Cheng, Ai-Xia; Zhang, Xuebin; Han, Xiao-Juan; Zhang, Yu-Ying; Gao, Shuai; Liu, Chang-Jun; Lou, Hong-Xiang

doi:10.1111/nph.14852

Title: Identification of chalcone isomerase in the basal land plants reveals an ancient evolution of enzymatic cyclization activity for synthesis of flavonoids

Journal Article · 30 October 2017 · New Phytologist

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14852 · OSTI ID:1412668

Cheng, Ai-Xia ^[1]; Zhang, Xuebin ^[2]; Han, Xiao-Juan ^[1]; Zhang, Yu-Ying ^[1]; Gao, Shuai ^[1];

^[2]; Lou, Hong-Xiang ^[1]

Shandong Univ., Jinan (China). Key Lab. of Chemical Biology of Natural Products, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Biology Dept.

Summary Flavonoids ubiquitously distribute to the terrestrial plants and chalcone isomerase ( CHI )‐catalyzed intramolecular and stereospecific cyclization of chalcones is a committed step in the production of flavonoids. However, so far the bona fide CHI s are found only in vascular plants, and their origin and evolution remains elusive. We conducted transcriptomic and/or genomic sequence search, subsequent phylogenetic analysis, and detailed biochemical and genetic characterization to explore the potential existence of CHI proteins in the basal bryophyte liverwort species and the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii . We found that both liverwort and Selaginella species possess canonical CHI ‐fold proteins that cluster with their corresponding higher plant counterparts. Among them, some members exhibited bona fide CHI activity, which catalyze stereospecific cyclization of both 6′‐hydroxychalcone and 6′‐deoxychalcone, yielding corresponding 5‐hydroxy and 5‐deoxyflavanones, resembling the typical type II CHI s currently known to be ‘specific’ for legume plants. Expressing those primitive bona fide CHI s in the Arabidopsis chi mutant restores the seed coat transparent testa phenotype and the accumulation of flavonoids. These findings, in contrast to our current understanding of the evolution of enzymatic CHI s, suggest that emergence of the bona fide type II CHI s is an ancient evolution event that occurred before the divergence of liverwort lineages.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; DE‐SC0012704; MCB-1051675

OSTI ID:: 1412668

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1405542

Report Number(s):: BNL-114460-2017-JA

Journal Information:: New Phytologist, Vol. 217, Issue 2; ISSN 0028-646X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Flavonoids
Chalcone isomerase
Evolution
Liverwort
Selaginella moellendorffii (Spikemoss)

Title: Identification of chalcone isomerase in the basal land plants reveals an ancient evolution of enzymatic cyclization activity for synthesis of flavonoids

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