Understanding Tribofilm Formation Mechanisms in Ionic Liquid Lubrication

Zhou, Yan; Leonard, Donovan N.; Guo, Wei; Qu, Jun

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09029-z

Title: Understanding Tribofilm Formation Mechanisms in Ionic Liquid Lubrication

Journal Article · Wed Aug 16 04:00:00 UTC 2017 · Scientific Reports

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09029-z · OSTI ID:1408612

Zhou, Yan ^[1]; Leonard, Donovan N. ^[1]; Guo, Wei ^[2]; Qu, Jun ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS)

Ionic liquids (ILs) have recently been developed as a novel class of lubricant anti-wear (AW) additives, but the formation mechanism of their wear protective tribofilms is not yet well understood. Unlike the conventional metal-containing AW additives that self-react to grow a tribofilm, the metal-free ILs require a supplier of metal cations in the tribofilm growth. The two apparent sources of metal cations are the contact surface and the wear debris, and the latter contains important ‘historical’ interface information but often is overlooked. We correlated the morphological and compositional characteristics of tribofilms and wear debris from an IL-lubricated steel–steel contact. In conclusion, a complete multi-step formation mechanism is proposed for the tribofilm of metal-free AW additives, including direct tribochemical reactions between the metallic contact surface with oxygen to form an oxide interlayer, wear debris generation and breakdown, tribofilm growth via mechanical deposition, chemical deposition, and oxygen diffusion.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1408612

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Journal Name: Scientific Reports Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 7; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Does the Use of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating and Organophosphate Lubricant Additive Together Cause Excessive Tribochemical Material Removal? Zhou, Yan; Leonard, Donovan N.; Meyer, Harry M. Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 2, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201500213	journal	August 2015
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Comparison of an oil-miscible ionic liquid and ZDDP as a lubricant anti-wear additive Qu, Jun; Luo, Huimin; Chi, Miaofang Tribology International, Vol. 71, p. 88-97 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2013.11.010	journal	March 2014
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Ionic Liquids as Lubricant Additives: A Review Zhou, Yan; Qu, Jun ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b12489	journal	January 2017
Ionic Liquids Composed of Phosphonium Cations and Organophosphate, Carboxylate, and Sulfonate Anions as Lubricant Antiwear Additives Zhou, Yan; Dyck, Jeffrey; Graham, Todd W. Langmuir, Vol. 30, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1021/la5032366	journal	October 2014
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Reactivity of oil‐soluble IL with silicon surface at elevated temperature Al‐Sallami, Waleed; Parsaeian, Pourya; Dorgham, Abdel Lubrication Science, Vol. 31, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/ls.1456	journal	March 2019

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