Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride)

Wilfong, Walter Christopher; Gray, McMahan L.; Kail, Brian W.; Howard, Bret H.

doi:10.1002/ente.201500419

Title: Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride)

Abstract

Abstract A combination of coal fly ash (FA) and a polymer binder, namely, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), was used to pelletize immobilized amine CO ₂ sorbents. The pelletization of mixtures of FA and 50 wt % tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) or ethylenimine oligomer mixture ( M _w =423)/silica (EI ₄₂₃ ‐S) with PVC created a rigid PVC/FA/sorbent network. The strength of the network was attributed, in part, to the hydrogen bonding of PVC with the hydroxy and amine groups of the FA and sorbent (infrared spectroscopy). Increasing the PVC molecular weight or FA content enhanced the pellet strength and reduced CO ₂ capture. The optimum pellet, FA/EI ₄₂₃ ‐S (20/80)_PVC ₆₂ [10 wt % PVC ₆₂ ( M _w =62 000), 17 wt % FA], captured 1.33 mmol g ⁻¹ and exhibited a crush strength of 1.42 MPa. The reaction between PVC and amines produced ammonium ions (−NH ₃ ⁺ /−NH ₂ ⁺ ), which reduced the CO ₂ captured by the pellet during stability testing. This issue was partially resolved by replacing PVC ₆₂ with p ‐phenylenediamine‐modified PVC ₆₂ , which also enhanced the pellet CO ₂ capture to 1.5 mmol g ⁻¹ .

Authors:

Wilfong, Walter Christopher ^[1]; Gray, McMahan L. ^[2]; Kail, Brian W. ^[3]; Howard, Bret H. ^[2]

ORISE National Energy Technology Laboratory 626 Cochrans Mill Road Pittsburgh PA 15236-0940 USA
US Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory 626 Cochrans Mill Road Pittsburgh PA 15236-0940 USA
AECOM National Energy Technology Laboratory 626 Cochrans Mill Road Pittsburgh PA 15236-0940 USA

Publication Date:: Wed Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2016

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1401852

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0004000

Resource Type:: Publisher's Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Energy Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Energy Technology Journal Volume: 4 Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2194-4288

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Wilfong, Walter Christopher, Gray, McMahan L., Kail, Brian W., and Howard, Bret H. Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride).  Germany: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1002/ente.201500419.

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                    Wilfong, Walter Christopher, Gray, McMahan L., Kail, Brian W., & Howard, Bret H. Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride).  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201500419

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                    Wilfong, Walter Christopher, Gray, McMahan L., Kail, Brian W., and Howard, Bret H. Wed .  
"Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride)".  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201500419.

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@article{osti_1401852,

  title        = {Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride)},

  author       = {Wilfong, Walter Christopher and Gray, McMahan L. and Kail, Brian W. and Howard, Bret H.},

  abstractNote = {Abstract A combination of coal fly ash (FA) and a polymer binder, namely, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), was used to pelletize immobilized amine CO 2 sorbents. The pelletization of mixtures of FA and 50 wt % tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) or ethylenimine oligomer mixture ( M w =423)/silica (EI 423 ‐S) with PVC created a rigid PVC/FA/sorbent network. The strength of the network was attributed, in part, to the hydrogen bonding of PVC with the hydroxy and amine groups of the FA and sorbent (infrared spectroscopy). Increasing the PVC molecular weight or FA content enhanced the pellet strength and reduced CO 2 capture. The optimum pellet, FA/EI 423 ‐S (20/80)_PVC 62 [10 wt % PVC 62 ( M w =62 000), 17 wt % FA], captured 1.33 mmol  g −1 and exhibited a crush strength of 1.42 MPa. The reaction between PVC and amines produced ammonium ions (−NH 3 + /−NH 2 + ), which reduced the CO 2 captured by the pellet during stability testing. This issue was partially resolved by replacing PVC 62 with p ‐phenylenediamine‐modified PVC 62 , which also enhanced the pellet CO 2 capture to 1.5 mmol  g −1 .},

  doi          = {10.1002/ente.201500419},

  journal      = {Energy Technology},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 4,

  place        = {Germany},

  year         = {Wed Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2016},

  month        = {Wed Jan 27 00:00:00 EST 2016}

}

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Title: Pelletization of Immobilized Amine Carbon Dioxide Sorbents with Fly Ash and Poly(vinyl chloride)

Abstract

Citation Formats

CO2 adsorption on diatomaceous earth modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and functionalized with tetraethylenepentamine: Optimization and kinetics journal, July 2015

Silica Nanoparticles as Supports for Regenerable CO 2 Sorbents journal, December 2011

Surface-coated fly ash reinforced biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films: part 2-analysis and characterization journal, December 2010

Influence of Pore Structure and Framework Al Sites on the State of Benzene (C 6 H 6 and C 6 D 6 ) Molecules Entrapped in the Zeolites of BEA Type: In Situ IR Spectroscopy Study journal, July 2007

Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Adsorption on a Silica Thin Film: Polymer/Surface Interactions journal, June 1998

Continuous CO2 Capture in Dual Fluidized Beds Using Silica Supported Amine journal, January 2013

Shaping amine-based solid CO2 adsorbents: Effects of pelletization pressure on the physical and chemical properties journal, March 2015

Spherical potassium intercalated activated carbon beads for pulverised fuel CO2 post-combustion capture journal, November 2015

Infrared spectra and assignments for polyvinyl chloride and deuterated analogs journal, August 1963

Surface-coated fly ash used as filler in biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films: Part 1—The modification process journal, February 2010

In Situ Infrared Study of the Effect of Amine Density on the Nature of Adsorbed CO 2 on Amine-Functionalized Solid Sorbents journal, June 2014

Infrared Study of CO 2 Sorption over “Molecular Basket” Sorbent Consisting of Polyethylenimine-Modified Mesoporous Molecular Sieve journal, April 2009

Cyclic Tests in Batch Mode of CO 2 Adsorption and Regeneration with Sorbent Consisting of Immobilized Amine on a Mesoporous Silica journal, May 2015

Adsorption of CO 2 from Simulated Flue Gas on Pentaethylenehexamine-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Support Adsorbent journal, October 2013

The influence of polyethyleneimine type and molecular weight on the CO2 capture performance of PEI-nano silica adsorbents journal, December 2014

Crosslinkable poly(vinyl acetate) emulsions for wood adhesive journal, May 2011

Performance of polyethyleneimine–silica adsorbent for post-combustion CO2 capture in a bubbling fluidized bed journal, September 2014

A Postcombustion Carbon Capture Process by Amines Supported on Solid Pellets with Estimation of Kinetic Parameters journal, March 2015

Rapid Screening of Immobilized Amine CO 2 Sorbents for Steam Stability by Their Direct Contact with Liquid H 2 O journal, May 2015

Comparative study of the surface hydroxyl groups of fumed and precipitated silicas. 3. DRIFT characterization of grafted n-hexadecyl chains journal, August 1990

In Situ Infrared Study of the Role of PEG in Stabilizing Silica-Supported Amines for CO2 Capture journal, August 2010

In Situ ATR and DRIFTS Studies of the Nature of Adsorbed CO 2 on Tetraethylenepentamine Films journal, August 2014

Polyallylamine and NaOH as a novel binder to pelletize amine-functionalized mesoporous silicas for CO2 capture journal, October 2014

Dynamics of CO 2 Adsorption on Amine Adsorbents. 1. Impact of Heat Effects journal, November 2012

Amine modified and pelletized mesoporous materials: Synthesis, textural–mechanical characterization and application in adsorptive separation of carbondioxide journal, March 2012

Chemical modification of poly(vinyl chloride) by nucleophilic substitution journal, January 2009

Chemical modification and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride) by crosslinking of multifunctional amines journal, January 2010

Effect of high adhesive polyvinyl alcohol binder on the anodes of lithium ion batteries journal, October 2011

The Nature of Adsorbed CO 2 and Amine Sites on the Immobilized Amine Sorbents Regenerated by Industrial Boiler Steam journal, February 2013

Probing the Adsorption/Desorption of CO 2 on Amine Sorbents by Transient Infrared Studies of Adsorbed CO 2 and C 6 H 6 journal, March 2014

Application of high resolution thermogravimetry to the study of thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride) resins journal, April 2006

Dynamic properties in CO 2 adsorption on amine-modified MCM-41 journal, May 2013

Continuous CO 2 capture in a circulating fluidized bed using supported amine sorbents journal, October 2012

Optimization of properties of fly ash aggregates for high-strength lightweight concrete production journal, June 2011

Preparation of Al–SBA-15 pellets with low amount of additives: Effect of binder content on texture and mechanical properties. Application to Friedel–Crafts alkylation journal, March 2011

High-strength biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol)/fly ash composite films journal, January 2010

Cyclic Stability Testing of Aminated-Silica Solid Sorbent for Post-Combustion CO 2 Capture journal, December 2014

CO 2 Uptake and Adsorption Kinetics of Pore-Expanded SBA-15 Double-Functionalized with Amino Groups journal, November 2013

Investigation of the coal fly ashes using IR spectroscopy journal, November 2014

Spectroscopic Investigation into Oxidative Degradation of Silica-Supported Amine Sorbents for CO2 Capture journal, June 2012

Steam Induced Structural Changes of a Poly(ethylenimine) Impregnated γ-Alumina Sorbent for CO 2 Extraction from Ambient Air journal, June 2014

Comprehensive Study of the Impact of Steam on Polyethyleneimine on Silica for CO 2 Capture journal, October 2013

Rotating bed adsorber system for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas journal, January 2015

Parametric study for an immobilized amine sorbent in a regenerative carbon dioxide capture process journal, October 2014

CO2 adsorption on diatomaceous earth modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and functionalized with tetraethylenepentamine: Optimization and kinetics
journal, July 2015

Silica Nanoparticles as Supports for Regenerable CO ₂ Sorbents
journal, December 2011

Surface-coated fly ash reinforced biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films: part 2-analysis and characterization
journal, December 2010

Influence of Pore Structure and Framework Al Sites on the State of Benzene (C ₆ H ₆ and C ₆ D ₆ ) Molecules Entrapped in the Zeolites of BEA Type: In Situ IR Spectroscopy Study
journal, July 2007

Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Adsorption on a Silica Thin Film: Polymer/Surface Interactions
journal, June 1998

Continuous CO2 Capture in Dual Fluidized Beds Using Silica Supported Amine
journal, January 2013

Shaping amine-based solid CO2 adsorbents: Effects of pelletization pressure on the physical and chemical properties
journal, March 2015

Spherical potassium intercalated activated carbon beads for pulverised fuel CO2 post-combustion capture
journal, November 2015

Infrared spectra and assignments for polyvinyl chloride and deuterated analogs
journal, August 1963

Surface-coated fly ash used as filler in biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films: Part 1—The modification process
journal, February 2010

In Situ Infrared Study of the Effect of Amine Density on the Nature of Adsorbed CO ₂ on Amine-Functionalized Solid Sorbents
journal, June 2014

Infrared Study of CO ₂ Sorption over “Molecular Basket” Sorbent Consisting of Polyethylenimine-Modified Mesoporous Molecular Sieve
journal, April 2009

Cyclic Tests in Batch Mode of CO ₂ Adsorption and Regeneration with Sorbent Consisting of Immobilized Amine on a Mesoporous Silica
journal, May 2015

Adsorption of CO ₂ from Simulated Flue Gas on Pentaethylenehexamine-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Support Adsorbent
journal, October 2013

The influence of polyethyleneimine type and molecular weight on the CO2 capture performance of PEI-nano silica adsorbents
journal, December 2014

Crosslinkable poly(vinyl acetate) emulsions for wood adhesive
journal, May 2011

Performance of polyethyleneimine–silica adsorbent for post-combustion CO2 capture in a bubbling fluidized bed
journal, September 2014

A Postcombustion Carbon Capture Process by Amines Supported on Solid Pellets with Estimation of Kinetic Parameters
journal, March 2015

Rapid Screening of Immobilized Amine CO ₂ Sorbents for Steam Stability by Their Direct Contact with Liquid H ₂ O
journal, May 2015

Comparative study of the surface hydroxyl groups of fumed and precipitated silicas. 3. DRIFT characterization of grafted n-hexadecyl chains
journal, August 1990

In Situ Infrared Study of the Role of PEG in Stabilizing Silica-Supported Amines for CO2 Capture
journal, August 2010

In Situ ATR and DRIFTS Studies of the Nature of Adsorbed CO ₂ on Tetraethylenepentamine Films
journal, August 2014

Polyallylamine and NaOH as a novel binder to pelletize amine-functionalized mesoporous silicas for CO2 capture
journal, October 2014

Dynamics of CO ₂ Adsorption on Amine Adsorbents. 1. Impact of Heat Effects
journal, November 2012

Amine modified and pelletized mesoporous materials: Synthesis, textural–mechanical characterization and application in adsorptive separation of carbondioxide
journal, March 2012

Chemical modification of poly(vinyl chloride) by nucleophilic substitution
journal, January 2009

Chemical modification and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride) by crosslinking of multifunctional amines
journal, January 2010

Effect of high adhesive polyvinyl alcohol binder on the anodes of lithium ion batteries
journal, October 2011

The Nature of Adsorbed CO ₂ and Amine Sites on the Immobilized Amine Sorbents Regenerated by Industrial Boiler Steam
journal, February 2013

Probing the Adsorption/Desorption of CO ₂ on Amine Sorbents by Transient Infrared Studies of Adsorbed CO ₂ and C ₆ H ₆
journal, March 2014

Application of high resolution thermogravimetry to the study of thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride) resins
journal, April 2006

Dynamic properties in CO ₂ adsorption on amine-modified MCM-41
journal, May 2013

Continuous CO 2 capture in a circulating fluidized bed using supported amine sorbents
journal, October 2012

Optimization of properties of fly ash aggregates for high-strength lightweight concrete production
journal, June 2011

Preparation of Al–SBA-15 pellets with low amount of additives: Effect of binder content on texture and mechanical properties. Application to Friedel–Crafts alkylation
journal, March 2011

High-strength biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol)/fly ash composite films
journal, January 2010

Cyclic Stability Testing of Aminated-Silica Solid Sorbent for Post-Combustion CO ₂ Capture
journal, December 2014

CO ₂ Uptake and Adsorption Kinetics of Pore-Expanded SBA-15 Double-Functionalized with Amino Groups
journal, November 2013

Investigation of the coal fly ashes using IR spectroscopy
journal, November 2014

Spectroscopic Investigation into Oxidative Degradation of Silica-Supported Amine Sorbents for CO2 Capture
journal, June 2012

Steam Induced Structural Changes of a Poly(ethylenimine) Impregnated γ-Alumina Sorbent for CO ₂ Extraction from Ambient Air
journal, June 2014

Comprehensive Study of the Impact of Steam on Polyethyleneimine on Silica for CO ₂ Capture
journal, October 2013

Rotating bed adsorber system for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas
journal, January 2015

Parametric study for an immobilized amine sorbent in a regenerative carbon dioxide capture process
journal, October 2014