Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 (001) Heterointerface

Smolin, Sergey Y.; Choquette, Amber K.; Wilks, Regan G.; Gauquelin, Nicolas; Félix, Roberto; Gerlach, Dominic; Ueda, Shigenori; Krick, Alex L.; Verbeeck, Johan; Bär, Marcus; Baxter, Jason B.; May, Steven J.

doi:10.1002/admi.201700183

Title: Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO ₃ /LaMnO ₃ (001) Heterointerface

Abstract

The electronic properties of LaFeO ₃ /LaMnO ₃ epitaxial heterojunctions are investigated to determine the valence and conduction band offsets and the nominal Mn and Fe valence states at the interface. Studying a systematic series of (LaFeO ₃ ) _n /(LaMnO ₃ ) _m bilayers ( m ≈ 50) epitaxially grown in the (001) orientation using molecular beam epitaxy, layer‐resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals a lack of significant interfacial charge transfer, with a nominal 3+ valence state observed for both Mn and Fe across the interface. Through a combination of variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, type I energy level alignments are obtained at the LaFeO ₃ /LaMnO ₃ interface with positive valence and conduction band offsets of (1.20 ± 0.07) eV and (0.5–0.7 ± 0.3) eV, respectively, with minimal band bending. Variable temperature resistivity measurements reveal that the bilayers remain insulating and that the presence of the heterojunction does not result in a conducting interface.

Authors:

Smolin, Sergey Y. ^[1]; Choquette, Amber K. ^[2]; Wilks, Regan G. ^[3]; Gauquelin, Nicolas ^[4]; Félix, Roberto ^[5]; Gerlach, Dominic ^[6]; Ueda, Shigenori ^[7]; Krick, Alex L. ^[2]; Verbeeck, Johan ^[4]; Bär, Marcus ^[8]; Baxter, Jason B. ^[1];

^[2]

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
Renewable Energy Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH Hahn‐Meitner‐Platz 1 D‐14109 Berlin Germany, Energy Materials In‐Situ Laboratory Berlin (EMIL) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 15 D‐12489 Berlin Germany
EMAT‐ University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B‐2020 Antwerp Belgium
Renewable Energy Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH Hahn‐Meitner‐Platz 1 D‐14109 Berlin Germany
MANA/Nano‐Electronics Materials Unit National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1‐1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0044 Japan
Synchrotron X‐ray Station at SPring‐8 NIMS. 1‐1‐1 Kouto Sayo‐cho Hyogo 679‐5148 Japan, Quantum Beam Unit NIMS 1‐2‐1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐0047 Japan
Renewable Energy Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH Hahn‐Meitner‐Platz 1 D‐14109 Berlin Germany, Energy Materials In‐Situ Laboratory Berlin (EMIL) Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 15 D‐12489 Berlin Germany, Institut für Physik und Chemie Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus‐Senftenberg Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1 D‐03046 Cottbus Germany

Publication Date:: Wed Apr 26 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1401544

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐ACO2‐98CH10886

Resource Type:: Publisher's Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Advanced Materials Interfaces

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Advanced Materials Interfaces Journal Volume: 4 Journal Issue: 14; Journal ID: ISSN 2196-7350

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Smolin, Sergey Y., Choquette, Amber K., Wilks, Regan G., Gauquelin, Nicolas, Félix, Roberto, Gerlach, Dominic, Ueda, Shigenori, Krick, Alex L., Verbeeck, Johan, Bär, Marcus, Baxter, Jason B., and May, Steven J. Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 (001) Heterointerface.  Germany: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1002/admi.201700183.

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                    Smolin, Sergey Y., Choquette, Amber K., Wilks, Regan G., Gauquelin, Nicolas, Félix, Roberto, Gerlach, Dominic, Ueda, Shigenori, Krick, Alex L., Verbeeck, Johan, Bär, Marcus, Baxter, Jason B., & May, Steven J. Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 (001) Heterointerface.  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201700183

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                    Smolin, Sergey Y., Choquette, Amber K., Wilks, Regan G., Gauquelin, Nicolas, Félix, Roberto, Gerlach, Dominic, Ueda, Shigenori, Krick, Alex L., Verbeeck, Johan, Bär, Marcus, Baxter, Jason B., and May, Steven J. Wed .  
"Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 (001) Heterointerface".  Germany.  https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201700183.

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@article{osti_1401544,

  title        = {Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 (001) Heterointerface},

  author       = {Smolin, Sergey Y. and Choquette, Amber K. and Wilks, Regan G. and Gauquelin, Nicolas and Félix, Roberto and Gerlach, Dominic and Ueda, Shigenori and Krick, Alex L. and Verbeeck, Johan and Bär, Marcus and Baxter, Jason B. and May, Steven J.},

  abstractNote = {The electronic properties of LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 epitaxial heterojunctions are investigated to determine the valence and conduction band offsets and the nominal Mn and Fe valence states at the interface. Studying a systematic series of (LaFeO 3 ) n /(LaMnO 3 ) m bilayers ( m ≈ 50) epitaxially grown in the (001) orientation using molecular beam epitaxy, layer‐resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals a lack of significant interfacial charge transfer, with a nominal 3+ valence state observed for both Mn and Fe across the interface. Through a combination of variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, type I energy level alignments are obtained at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 interface with positive valence and conduction band offsets of (1.20 ± 0.07) eV and (0.5–0.7 ± 0.3) eV, respectively, with minimal band bending. Variable temperature resistivity measurements reveal that the bilayers remain insulating and that the presence of the heterojunction does not result in a conducting interface.},

  doi          = {10.1002/admi.201700183},

  journal      = {Advanced Materials Interfaces},

  number       = 14,

  volume       = 4,

  place        = {Germany},

  year         = {Wed Apr 26 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Wed Apr 26 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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The behavior of polar LaMnO₃ (LMO) thin films deposited epitaxially on nonpolar SrTiO₃(001) (STO) is dictated by both the LMO/STO band alignment and the chemistry of the Mn cation. Using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the valence band offset (VBO) of LMO/STO heterojunctions is directly measured as a function of thickness, and found that the VBO is 2.5 eV for thicker (≥3 u.c.) films. No evidence of a built-in electric field in LMO films of any thickness is found. Measurements of the Mn valence by Mn L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and by spatially resolved electron energy loss spectra in scanningmore »« less
Cited by 23
https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201801428

Full Text Available
Electronic Structure and Band Alignment of LaMnO ₃ /SrTiO ₃ Polar/Nonpolar Heterojunctions

Journal Article Kaspar, Tiffany C. ; Sushko, Peter V. ; Spurgeon, Steven R. ; ... - Advanced Materials Interfaces

The behavior of polar LaMnO3 (LMO) thin films deposited epitaxially on non-polar SrTiO3(001) (STO) is dictated by both the LMO/STO band alignment and the chemistry of the Mn cation. Using in situ x-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS), we directly measure the valence band offset (VBO) of LMO/STO heterojunctions as a function of thickness, and find that the VBO is 2.5 eV for thicker (= 3 u.c.) films. We find no evidence of a built-in potential in LMO films of any thickness. Measurements of the Mn valence by Mn L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and by spatially-resolved electron energy loss spectra inmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201801428
Thickness-dependent photoelectrochemical water splitting on ultrathin LaFeO₃ films grown on Nb:SrTiO₃

Journal Article May, Kevin J. ; Fenning, David P. ; Ming, Tian ; ... - Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

The performance of photoelectrodes can be modified by changing the material chemistry, geometry, and interface engineering. Specifically, nanoscale active layers can facilitate the collection of charge carriers. In heterostructure devices, the multiple material interfaces are particularly important, which at present are not well understood for oxides. Here, we report a detailed study of ultrathin (2-25 nm) LaFeO₃ films grown epitaxially on Nb-doped SrTiO₃. The films exhibit thickness-dependence with sensitivity to less than 10 nm in both the through-plane charge transfer conductivity and in the potential-dependent photoresponse. Supplementing photoelectrochemical measurements with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, wemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00169
Determination of electronic band structures of CaMnO{sub 3} and LaMnO{sub 3} using optical-conductivity analyses

Journal Article Jung, J H ; Kim, K H ; Eom, D J ; ... - Physical Review, B: Condensed Matter

Reflectivity spectra of CaMnO{sub 3} and LaMnO{sub 3} were measured in a wide photon energy region between 5 meV and 30 eV at room temperature. Using the conductivity spectra obtained from the Kramers-Kronig analysis, electronic structures of the manganese oxides were investigated. In particular, the states near the Fermi energy E{sub F}, O 2p and Mn 3d (e{sub g},t{sub 2g}), were studied in detail. It was found that the O 2p band is located closer to E{sub F} than the Mn t{sub 2g} band. For LaMnO{sub 3}, the filled Mn e{sub g{up_arrow}}{sup 1} band is located closer to E{sub F}more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.55.15489
Built-In Potential in Fe ₂ O ₃ -Cr ₂ O ₃ Superlattices for Improved Photoexcited Carrier Separation

Journal Article Kaspar, Tiffany C. ; Schreiber, Daniel K. ; Spurgeon, Steven R. ; ... - Advanced Materials

We demonstrate that the different surface terminations exhibited by α-Fe2O3 (hematite) and α-Cr2O3 (eskolaite) in superlattices (SL) of these materials, synthesized with exquisite control by molecular beam epitaxy, determine the heterojunction interface structure and result in controllable, non-commutative band offset values. Precise atomic control of the interface structure allowed us to vary the valence band offset from 0.35 eV to 0.79 eV. This controllable band alignment can be harnessed to generate a built-in potential in Fe2O3-Cr2O3 SLs. For instance, in a 2.5-period SL, a built-in potential of 0.8 eV was realized as measured by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of Ti dopantsmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201504545

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Title: Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO 3 /LaMnO 3 (001) Heterointerface

Abstract

Citation Formats

Surface Octahedral Distortions and Atomic Design of Perovskite Interfaces journal, June 2013

Origin of Metallic States at the Heterointerface between the Band Insulators LaAlO 3 and SrTiO 3 journal, July 2008

Present Status of the NIMS Contract Beamline BL15XU at SPring-8 conference, January 2010

Interface Structure, Band Alignment, and Built-In Potentials at LaFeO 3 / n − SrTiO 3 Heterojunctions journal, November 2016

Delta Doping of Ferromagnetism in Antiferromagnetic Manganite Superlattices journal, October 2011

Extreme mobility enhancement of two-dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces by charge-transfer-induced modulation doping journal, June 2015

Oxide Interfaces--An Opportunity for Electronics journal, March 2010

Structural and magnetic phase diagrams of La 1 − x Sr x MnO 3 and Pr 1 − y Sr y MnO 3 journal, March 2003

The SrTiO 3 /BiFeO 3 (001) interface: commutativity of energy band discontinuities journal, May 2013

Interfacial properties of LaMnO 3 / LaNiO 3 superlattices grown along (001) and (111) orientations journal, July 2015

Two-Dimensional Electron Gases at Complex Oxide Interfaces journal, July 2014

Atomic arrangement and magnetic properties of LaFeO 3 − L a M n O 3 artificial superlattices journal, November 1999

Magnetoelectric Devices for Spintronics journal, July 2014

Suppression of Octahedral Tilts and Associated Changes in Electronic Properties at Epitaxial Oxide Heterostructure Interfaces journal, August 2010

Band alignment at epitaxial BaSnO3/SrTiO3(001) and BaSnO3/LaAlO3(001) heterojunctions journal, April 2016

Controlled lateral anisotropy in correlated manganite heterostructures by interface-engineered oxygen octahedral coupling journal, March 2016

Charge transfer and interfacial magnetism in (LaNiO 3 ) n /(LaMnO 3 ) 2 superlattices journal, October 2013

Structural relaxation and Jahn–Teller distortion of LaMnO3 (001) surface journal, March 2009

Physical Structure and Inversion Charge at a Semiconductor Interface with a Crystalline Oxide journal, July 2001

The high kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy facility at BESSY progress and first results journal, March 2009

LaMnO3 Thin Films Grown by Using Pulsed Laser Deposition and Their Simple Recovery to a Stoichiometric Phase by Annealing journal, March 2011

Insulator-metal transition and giant magnetoresistance in La 1 − x Sr x MnO 3 journal, May 1995

Electron doping of cuprates via interfaces with manganites journal, August 2007

Orbital Reconstruction and Covalent Bonding at an Oxide Interface journal, November 2007

In vacuo photoemission study of atomically controlled La 1 − x Sr x Mn O 3 thin films: Composition dependence of the electronic structure journal, April 2005

Electronic Reconstruction at SrMnO 3 − LaMnO 3 Superlattice Interfaces journal, November 2007

Band offsets in complex-oxide thin films and heterostructures of SrTiO 3 /LaNiO 3 and SrTiO 3 /GdTiO 3 by soft and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy journal, April 2013

Valence-band offset and forward-backward charge transfer in manganite/NiO and manganite/LaNiO 3 heterostructures journal, January 2015

Termination control of the interface dipole in La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 / Nb : SrTiO 3 (001) Schottky junctions journal, February 2009

Mn 2 p core-level spectra of La 1 − x Ba x MnO 3 thin films using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: Relation between electronic and magnetic states journal, September 2009

Hole-doping-induced changes in the electronic structure of La 1 − x Sr x FeO 3 : Soft x-ray photoemission and absorption study of epitaxial thin films journal, January 2005

Magnetic Oxide Heterostructures journal, July 2014

Electronic reconstruction at an interface between a Mott insulator and a band insulator journal, April 2004

Band Structure and the Magnetic and Elastic Properties of SrFeO[sub 3] and LaFeO[sub 3] Perovskites journal, January 2005

Calculations of electron inelastic mean free paths. V. Data for 14 organic compounds over the 50-2000 eV range journal, March 1994

Pressure-induced change in the electronic structure of epitaxially strained La 1 − x Sr x MnO 3 thin films journal, October 2009

Interface band profiles of Mott-insulator / Nb : SrTiO 3 heterojunctions as investigated by optical spectroscopy journal, November 2010

Quantum confinement induced magnetism in LaNiO 3 -LaMnO 3 superlattices journal, May 2013

Photoemission and Hartree-Fock studies of oxygen-hole ordering in charge-disproportionated La 1 − x Sr x FeO 3 journal, August 1999

Electronic phase diagram of epitaxial La 1− x Sr x FeO 3 films journal, August 2014

“Charge Leakage” at LaMnO 3 /SrTiO 3 Interfaces journal, February 2010

Electronic structure and surface properties of PrMnO 3 (001): A density functional theory study journal, January 2015

Competing interactions in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic perovskite superlattices journal, November 2009

Quasi 2D Ultrahigh Carrier Density in a Complex Oxide Broken-Gap Heterojunction journal, November 2015

Charge, orbital, and magnetic ordering in La 0.5 Ca 0.5 MnO 3 s journal, February 1997

Dynamical mean-field study of model double-exchange superlattices journal, January 2006

Ground-state and excited-state properties of LaMnO 3 from full-potential calculations journal, January 2002

GenX : an extensible X-ray reflectivity refinement program utilizing differential evolution journal, November 2007

Band discontinuities at epitaxial SrTiO3/Si(001) heterojunctions journal, September 2000

Photoemission study of LaAl O 3 / SrTi O 3 and LaAl O 3 / Nb : SrTi O 3 : Insulator-insulator versus insulator-semiconductor interfaces journal, August 2016

Nature of the Well Screened State in Hard X-Ray Mn 2 p Core-Level Photoemission Measurements of L a 1 − x S r x M n O 3 Films journal, November 2004

Tuning the Structure of Nickelates to Achieve Two-Dimensional Electron Conduction journal, February 2014

Symmetry and lattice mismatch induced strain accommodation near and away from correlated perovskite interfaces journal, September 2014

Atomic scale real-space mapping of holes in YBa2Cu3O6+δ journal, July 2014

Application of hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to electronic structure measurements for various functional materials journal, October 2013

KMC-1: A high resolution and high flux soft x-ray beamline at BESSY journal, December 2007

Effect of Surface Termination on the Electronic Properties of LaNiO 3 Films journal, November 2014

Exchange-bias effect at La 0.75 Sr 0.25 MnO 3 /LaNiO 3 interfaces journal, March 2012

Empirical relationship between x-ray photoemission spectra and electrical conductivity in a colossal magnetoresistive manganite La 1− x Sr x MnO 3 journal, June 2013

Termination layer dependence of Schottky barrier height for La 0.6 Sr 0.4 MnO 3 / Nb : SrTiO 3 heterojunctions journal, June 2010

Emergent phenomena at oxide interfaces journal, January 2012

Hidden relationship between the electrical conductivity and the Mn 2 p core-level photoemission spectra in La 1− x Sr x MnO 3 journal, January 2013

Band structure and optical transitions in LaFeO 3 : theory and experiment journal, November 2014

Variation of optical gaps in perovskite-type 3 d transition-metal oxides journal, December 1993

Surface Energetics of Nanoscale LaMnO 3+δ Perovskite journal, August 2013

Instability, intermixing and electronic structure at the epitaxial LaAlO3/SrTiO3(001) heterojunction journal, October 2010

Band alignment of epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films with (LaAlO3)0.3-(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (001) journal, September 2015

Artificial charge-modulationin atomic-scale perovskite titanate superlattices journal, September 2002

Optical absorption in epitaxial La1−xSrxFeO3 thin films journal, February 2013

X-ray photoemission studies of the metal-insulator transition in LaAlO 3 / SrTiO 3 structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy journal, December 2009

Coherent metallic screening in core-level photoelectron spectra for the strongly correlated oxides La 1 − x Ba x MnO 3 and V 1 − x W x O 2 journal, January 2014

Title: Energy Level Alignment and Cation Charge States at the LaFeO ₃ /LaMnO ₃ (001) Heterointerface

Surface Octahedral Distortions and Atomic Design of Perovskite Interfaces
journal, June 2013

Origin of Metallic States at the Heterointerface between the Band Insulators ${LaAlO}_{3}$ and ${SrTiO}_{3}$
journal, July 2008

Present Status of the NIMS Contract Beamline BL15XU at SPring-8
conference, January 2010

Interface Structure, Band Alignment, and Built-In Potentials at ${LaFeO}_{3} / n − {SrTiO}_{3}$ Heterojunctions
journal, November 2016

Delta Doping of Ferromagnetism in Antiferromagnetic Manganite Superlattices
journal, October 2011

Extreme mobility enhancement of two-dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces by charge-transfer-induced modulation doping
journal, June 2015

Oxide Interfaces--An Opportunity for Electronics
journal, March 2010

Structural and magnetic phase diagrams of ${La}_{1 - x} {Sr}_{x} {MnO}_{3}$ and $\Pr_{1 - y} {Sr}_{y} {MnO}_{3}$
journal, March 2003

The SrTiO ₃ /BiFeO ₃ (001) interface: commutativity of energy band discontinuities
journal, May 2013

Interfacial properties of ${LaMnO}_{3} / {LaNiO}_{3}$ superlattices grown along (001) and (111) orientations
journal, July 2015

Two-Dimensional Electron Gases at Complex Oxide Interfaces
journal, July 2014

Atomic arrangement and magnetic properties of ${LaFeO}_{3} {- L a M n O}_{3}$ artificial superlattices
journal, November 1999

Magnetoelectric Devices for Spintronics
journal, July 2014

Suppression of Octahedral Tilts and Associated Changes in Electronic Properties at Epitaxial Oxide Heterostructure Interfaces
journal, August 2010

Band alignment at epitaxial BaSnO3/SrTiO3(001) and BaSnO3/LaAlO3(001) heterojunctions
journal, April 2016

Controlled lateral anisotropy in correlated manganite heterostructures by interface-engineered oxygen octahedral coupling
journal, March 2016

Charge transfer and interfacial magnetism in (LaNiO $_{3}$ ) $_{n}$ /(LaMnO $_{3}$ ) $_{2}$ superlattices
journal, October 2013

Structural relaxation and Jahn–Teller distortion of LaMnO3 (001) surface
journal, March 2009

Physical Structure and Inversion Charge at a Semiconductor Interface with a Crystalline Oxide
journal, July 2001

The high kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy facility at BESSY progress and first results
journal, March 2009

LaMnO3 Thin Films Grown by Using Pulsed Laser Deposition and Their Simple Recovery to a Stoichiometric Phase by Annealing
journal, March 2011

Insulator-metal transition and giant magnetoresistance in ${La}_{1 - x}$ ${Sr}_{x}$ ${MnO}_{3}$
journal, May 1995

Electron doping of cuprates via interfaces with manganites
journal, August 2007

Orbital Reconstruction and Covalent Bonding at an Oxide Interface
journal, November 2007

In vacuo photoemission study of atomically controlled ${La}_{1 - x} {Sr}_{x} Mn O_{3}$ thin films: Composition dependence of the electronic structure
journal, April 2005

Electronic Reconstruction at ${SrMnO}_{3} − {LaMnO}_{3}$ Superlattice Interfaces
journal, November 2007

Band offsets in complex-oxide thin films and heterostructures of SrTiO ₃ /LaNiO ₃ and SrTiO ₃ /GdTiO ₃ by soft and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
journal, April 2013

Valence-band offset and forward-backward charge transfer in manganite/NiO and manganite/LaNiO ₃ heterostructures
journal, January 2015

Termination control of the interface dipole in ${La}_{0.7} {Sr}_{0.3} {MnO}_{3} / Nb : {SrTiO}_{3}$ (001) Schottky junctions
journal, February 2009

$Mn 2 p$ core-level spectra of ${La}_{1 - x} {Ba}_{x} {MnO}_{3}$ thin films using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: Relation between electronic and magnetic states
journal, September 2009

Hole-doping-induced changes in the electronic structure of ${La}_{1 - x} {Sr}_{x} {FeO}_{3}$ : Soft x-ray photoemission and absorption study of epitaxial thin films
journal, January 2005

Magnetic Oxide Heterostructures
journal, July 2014

Electronic reconstruction at an interface between a Mott insulator and a band insulator
journal, April 2004

Band Structure and the Magnetic and Elastic Properties of SrFeO[sub 3] and LaFeO[sub 3] Perovskites
journal, January 2005

Calculations of electron inelastic mean free paths. V. Data for 14 organic compounds over the 50-2000 eV range
journal, March 1994

Pressure-induced change in the electronic structure of epitaxially strained ${La}_{1 - x} {Sr}_{x} {MnO}_{3}$ thin films
journal, October 2009

Interface band profiles of $Mott-insulator / Nb : {SrTiO}_{3}$ heterojunctions as investigated by optical spectroscopy
journal, November 2010

Quantum confinement induced magnetism in LaNiO $_{3}$ -LaMnO $_{3}$ superlattices
journal, May 2013

Photoemission and Hartree-Fock studies of oxygen-hole ordering in charge-disproportionated ${La}_{1 - x} {Sr}_{x} {FeO}_{3}$
journal, August 1999

Electronic phase diagram of epitaxial La ₁₋ _x Sr _x FeO ₃ films
journal, August 2014

“Charge Leakage” at LaMnO ₃ /SrTiO ₃ Interfaces
journal, February 2010

Electronic structure and surface properties of PrMnO 3 (001): A density functional theory study
journal, January 2015

Competing interactions in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic perovskite superlattices
journal, November 2009

Quasi 2D Ultrahigh Carrier Density in a Complex Oxide Broken-Gap Heterojunction
journal, November 2015

Charge, orbital, and magnetic ordering in ${La}_{0.5}$ ${Ca}_{0.5}$ ${MnO}_{3}$ s
journal, February 1997

Dynamical mean-field study of model double-exchange superlattices
journal, January 2006

Ground-state and excited-state properties of ${LaMnO}_{3}$ from full-potential calculations
journal, January 2002

GenX : an extensible X-ray reflectivity refinement program utilizing differential evolution
journal, November 2007

Band discontinuities at epitaxial SrTiO3/Si(001) heterojunctions
journal, September 2000

Photoemission study of $LaAl O_{3} / SrTi O_{3}$ and $LaAl O_{3} / Nb : SrTi O_{3}$ : Insulator-insulator versus insulator-semiconductor interfaces
journal, August 2016

Nature of the Well Screened State in Hard X-Ray Mn $2 p$ Core-Level Photoemission Measurements of ${L a}_{1 - x} {S r}_{x} {M n O}_{3}$ Films
journal, November 2004

Tuning the Structure of Nickelates to Achieve Two-Dimensional Electron Conduction
journal, February 2014

Symmetry and lattice mismatch induced strain accommodation near and away from correlated perovskite interfaces
journal, September 2014

Atomic scale real-space mapping of holes in YBa2Cu3O6+δ
journal, July 2014

Application of hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to electronic structure measurements for various functional materials
journal, October 2013

KMC-1: A high resolution and high flux soft x-ray beamline at BESSY
journal, December 2007

Effect of Surface Termination on the Electronic Properties of ${LaNiO}_{3}$ Films
journal, November 2014

Exchange-bias effect at La $_{0.75}$ Sr $_{0.25}$ MnO $_{3}$ /LaNiO $_{3}$ interfaces
journal, March 2012

Empirical relationship between x-ray photoemission spectra and electrical conductivity in a colossal magnetoresistive manganite La ₁₋ _x Sr _x MnO ₃
journal, June 2013

Termination layer dependence of Schottky barrier height for ${La}_{0.6} {Sr}_{0.4} {MnO}_{3} / Nb : {SrTiO}_{3}$ heterojunctions
journal, June 2010

Emergent phenomena at oxide interfaces
journal, January 2012

Hidden relationship between the electrical conductivity and the Mn 2 p core-level photoemission spectra in La _{1− x} Sr _x MnO ₃
journal, January 2013

Band structure and optical transitions in LaFeO ₃ : theory and experiment
journal, November 2014

Variation of optical gaps in perovskite-type 3 d transition-metal oxides
journal, December 1993

Surface Energetics of Nanoscale LaMnO _3+δ Perovskite
journal, August 2013

Instability, intermixing and electronic structure at the epitaxial LaAlO3/SrTiO3(001) heterojunction
journal, October 2010

Band alignment of epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films with (LaAlO3)0.3-(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (001)
journal, September 2015

Artificial charge-modulationin atomic-scale perovskite titanate superlattices
journal, September 2002

Optical absorption in epitaxial La1−xSrxFeO3 thin films
journal, February 2013

X-ray photoemission studies of the metal-insulator transition in ${LaAlO}_{3} / {SrTiO}_{3}$ structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
journal, December 2009

Coherent metallic screening in core-level photoelectron spectra for the strongly correlated oxides La $_{1 - x}$ Ba $_{x}$ MnO $_{3}$ and V $_{1 - x}$ W x O $_{2}$
journal, January 2014