Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the U(n,f)238 Reaction

Wilson, J. N.; Lebois, M.; Qi, L.; Amador-Celdran, P.; Bleuel, D.; Briz, J. A.; Carroll, R.; Catford, W.; De Witte, H.; Doherty, D. T.; Eloirdi, R.; Georgiev, G.; Gottardo, A.; Goasduff, A.; Hadyńska-Klęk, K.; Hauschild, K.; Hess, H.; Ingeberg, V.; Konstantinopoulos, T.; Ljungvall, J.; Lopez-Martens, A.; Lorusso, G.; Lozeva, R.; Lutter, R.; Marini, P.; Matea, I.; Materna, T.; Mathieu, L.; Oberstedt, A.; Oberstedt, S.; Panebianco, S.; Podolyák, Zs.; Porta, A.; Regan, P. H.; Reiter, P.; Rezynkina, K.; Rose, S. J.; Sahin, E.; Seidlitz, M.; Serot, O.; Shearman, R.; Siebeck, B.; Siem, S.; Smith, A. G.; Tveten, G. M.; Verney, D.; Warr, N.; Zeiser, F.; Zielinska, M.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.222501

Title: Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the ${}^{238}{U (n, f)}$ Reaction

Abstract

Fast-neutron-induced fission of ²³⁸U at an energy just above the fission threshold is studied with a novel technique which involves the coupling of a high-efficiency γ-ray spectrometer (MINIBALL) to an inverse-kinematics neutron source (LICORNE) to extract charge yields of fission fragments via γ-γ coincidence spectroscopy. Experimental data and fission models are compared and found to be in reasonable agreement for many nuclei; however, significant discrepancies of up to 600% are observed, particularly for isotopes of Sn and Mo. This indicates that these models significantly overestimate the standard 1 fission mode and suggests that spherical shell effects in the nascent fission fragments are less important for low-energy fast-neutron-induced fission than for thermal neutron-induced fission. Finally, this has consequences for understanding and modeling the fission process, for experimental nuclear structure studies of the most neutron-rich nuclei, for future energy applications (e.g., Generation IV reactors which use fast-neutron spectra), and for the reactor antineutrino anomaly.

Authors:

Wilson, J. N. ^[1]; Lebois, M. ^[1]; Qi, L. ^[1]; Amador-Celdran, P. ^[2]; Bleuel, D. ^[3]; Briz, J. A. ^[4]; Carroll, R. ^[5]; Catford, W. ^[5]; De Witte, H. ^[6]; Doherty, D. T. ^[7]; Eloirdi, R. ^[2]; Georgiev, G. ^[8]; Gottardo, A. ^[1]; Goasduff, A. ^[8]; Hadyńska-Klęk, K. ^[9]; Hauschild, K. ^[8]; Hess, H. ^[10]; Ingeberg, V. ^[11]; Konstantinopoulos, T. ^[8]; Ljungvall, J. ^[8] more »

Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay (France). Inst. de Physique Nucleaire
European Commission, Karlsruhe (Germany). Joint Research Centre
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Subatech/Ecole des Mines, Nantes (France)
Univ. of Surrey, Guildford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics
Katholieke Univ. Leuven, Leuven (Belgium). Inst. for Nuclear and Radiation Physics
Univ. Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Orsay (France). Inst. National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Centre de Sciences Nucleaires et de Sciences de la Matiere (CSNSM)
National Inst. of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Legnaro (Italy). National Lab. of Legnaro (INFN-LNL)
Inst. fur Kernphysik, Koln (Deutschland)
Univ. of Oslo (Norway). Dept. of Physics
National Physical Lab., Middlesex (United Kingdom)
Ludwig Maximilian Univ., Munich (Germany)
Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Arpajon (France)
Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, Gradignan (France)
Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Bucharest-Magurele (Romania)
European Commission, Geel (Belgium). Joint Research Centre
Univ. of Surrey, Guildford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics; National Physical Lab., Middlesex (United Kingdom)
Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Cadarache (France)
Univ. of Manchester (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics

Publication Date:: Thu Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE; Research Council of Norway; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), UK

OSTI Identifier:: 1378544

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-737167
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; PRLTAO; TRN: US1702815

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; 05P15PKCIA; 222287

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Letters

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 118; Journal Issue: 22; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Wilson, J. N., Lebois, M., Qi, L., Amador-Celdran, P., Bleuel, D., Briz, J. A., Carroll, R., Catford, W., De Witte, H., Doherty, D. T., Eloirdi, R., Georgiev, G., Gottardo, A., Goasduff, A., Hadyńska-Klęk, K., Hauschild, K., Hess, H., Ingeberg, V., Konstantinopoulos, T., Ljungvall, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Lorusso, G., Lozeva, R., Lutter, R., Marini, P., Matea, I., Materna, T., Mathieu, L., Oberstedt, A., Oberstedt, S., Panebianco, S., Podolyák, Zs., Porta, A., Regan, P. H., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Rose, S. J., Sahin, E., Seidlitz, M., Serot, O., Shearman, R., Siebeck, B., Siem, S., Smith, A. G., Tveten, G. M., Verney, D., Warr, N., Zeiser, F., and Zielinska, M. Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the U(n,f)238 Reaction.  United States: N. p., 2017. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.222501.

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                    Wilson, J. N., Lebois, M., Qi, L., Amador-Celdran, P., Bleuel, D., Briz, J. A., Carroll, R., Catford, W., De Witte, H., Doherty, D. T., Eloirdi, R., Georgiev, G., Gottardo, A., Goasduff, A., Hadyńska-Klęk, K., Hauschild, K., Hess, H., Ingeberg, V., Konstantinopoulos, T., Ljungvall, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Lorusso, G., Lozeva, R., Lutter, R., Marini, P., Matea, I., Materna, T., Mathieu, L., Oberstedt, A., Oberstedt, S., Panebianco, S., Podolyák, Zs., Porta, A., Regan, P. H., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Rose, S. J., Sahin, E., Seidlitz, M., Serot, O., Shearman, R., Siebeck, B., Siem, S., Smith, A. G., Tveten, G. M., Verney, D., Warr, N., Zeiser, F., & Zielinska, M. Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the U(n,f)238 Reaction.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.222501

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                    Wilson, J. N., Lebois, M., Qi, L., Amador-Celdran, P., Bleuel, D., Briz, J. A., Carroll, R., Catford, W., De Witte, H., Doherty, D. T., Eloirdi, R., Georgiev, G., Gottardo, A., Goasduff, A., Hadyńska-Klęk, K., Hauschild, K., Hess, H., Ingeberg, V., Konstantinopoulos, T., Ljungvall, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Lorusso, G., Lozeva, R., Lutter, R., Marini, P., Matea, I., Materna, T., Mathieu, L., Oberstedt, A., Oberstedt, S., Panebianco, S., Podolyák, Zs., Porta, A., Regan, P. H., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Rose, S. J., Sahin, E., Seidlitz, M., Serot, O., Shearman, R., Siebeck, B., Siem, S., Smith, A. G., Tveten, G. M., Verney, D., Warr, N., Zeiser, F., and Zielinska, M. Thu .  
"Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the U(n,f)238 Reaction".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.222501.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1378544.

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@article{osti_1378544,

  title        = {Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the U(n,f)238 Reaction},

  author       = {Wilson, J. N. and Lebois, M. and Qi, L. and Amador-Celdran, P. and Bleuel, D. and Briz, J. A. and Carroll, R. and Catford, W. and De Witte, H. and Doherty, D. T. and Eloirdi, R. and Georgiev, G. and Gottardo, A. and Goasduff, A. and Hadyńska-Klęk, K. and Hauschild, K. and Hess, H. and Ingeberg, V. and Konstantinopoulos, T. and Ljungvall, J. and Lopez-Martens, A. and Lorusso, G. and Lozeva, R. and Lutter, R. and Marini, P. and Matea, I. and Materna, T. and Mathieu, L. and Oberstedt, A. and Oberstedt, S. and Panebianco, S. and Podolyák, Zs. and Porta, A. and Regan, P. H. and Reiter, P. and Rezynkina, K. and Rose, S. J. and Sahin, E. and Seidlitz, M. and Serot, O. and Shearman, R. and Siebeck, B. and Siem, S. and Smith, A. G. and Tveten, G. M. and Verney, D. and Warr, N. and Zeiser, F. and Zielinska, M.},

  abstractNote = {Fast-neutron-induced fission of 238U at an energy just above the fission threshold is studied with a novel technique which involves the coupling of a high-efficiency γ-ray spectrometer (MINIBALL) to an inverse-kinematics neutron source (LICORNE) to extract charge yields of fission fragments via γ-γ coincidence spectroscopy. Experimental data and fission models are compared and found to be in reasonable agreement for many nuclei; however, significant discrepancies of up to 600% are observed, particularly for isotopes of Sn and Mo. This indicates that these models significantly overestimate the standard 1 fission mode and suggests that spherical shell effects in the nascent fission fragments are less important for low-energy fast-neutron-induced fission than for thermal neutron-induced fission. Finally, this has consequences for understanding and modeling the fission process, for experimental nuclear structure studies of the most neutron-rich nuclei, for future energy applications (e.g., Generation IV reactors which use fast-neutron spectra), and for the reactor antineutrino anomaly.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.222501},

  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},

  number       = 22,

  volume       = 118,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017},

  month        = {Thu Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Review on the progress in nuclear fission—experimental methods and theoretical descriptions
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Title: Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the U ( n , f ) 238 Reaction

Abstract

Citation Formats

Nuclear-fission studies with relativistic secondary beams: Analysis of fission channels journal, April 2008

Determination of antineutrino spectra from nuclear reactors journal, August 2011

New insights from studies of spontaneous fission with large detector arrays journal, January 1995

New excited states in Ge 82 : Possible weakening of the N = 50 closed shell journal, August 2007

Development of a kinematically focused neutron source with the p(7Li,n)7Be inverse reaction journal, January 2014

ENDF/B-VII.1 Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Cross Sections, Covariances, Fission Product Yields and Decay Data journal, December 2011

Prompt Emission in Fission Induced with Fast Neutrons journal, January 2015

Prompt neutron multiplicity in correlation with fragments from spontaneous fission of Cf 252 journal, December 2014

Identification of the γ transitions in Tc and Cs products of 252 Cf fission and possible 7 / 2 + [413] bands in 105 − 109 Tc isotopes journal, May 1998

Fission fragment properties obtained in the γ - γ - γ coincidence method in the reaction 208Pb(18O, f ) journal, October 2007

Possible origins and implications of the shoulder in reactor neutrino spectra journal, August 2015

Fragment yields from the fission of 238U by fast neutrons journal, November 1998

Yields of correlated fragment pairs in spontaneous fission of 252 Cf journal, March 1997

Measurement of prompt X-rays in 238U(n,f) from threshold to 400 MeV: Investigation of fission charge yield evolution journal, September 2013

Correlated spins of complementary fragment pairs in the spontaneous fission of 252 Cf journal, November 1999

Geant4—a simulation toolkit journal, July 2003

Isomeric gamma rays from U 235 ( n , f ) and Pu 239 ( n , f ) for times less than 1 μsec after fission journal, August 1974

Spectroscopy of neutron rich nuclei using cold neutron induced fission of actinide targets at the ILL: the EXILL campaign journal, January 2014

Mass distributions in monoenergetic-neutron-induced fission of U 238 journal, January 1978

General Description of Fission Observables: GEF Model Code journal, January 2016

Nuclear scission journal, December 1990

The Miniball spectrometer journal, March 2013

Near-yrast excitations in nucleus As 83 : Tracing the π g 9 / 2 orbital in the Ni 78 region journal, April 2015

Spectroscopy of neutron rich nuclei using cold neutron induced fission of actinide targets at the ILL: The EXILL campaign journal, January 2013

Nuclear-fission studies with relativistic secondary beams: analysis of fission channels text, January 2007

Review on the progress in nuclear fission—experimental methods and theoretical descriptions journal, September 2018

Isotopic fission-fragment distributions of U 238 , Np 239 , Pu 240 , Cm 244 , and Cf 250 produced through inelastic scattering, transfer, and fusion reactions in inverse kinematics journal, May 2018

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Title: Anomalies in the Charge Yields of Fission Fragments from the ${}^{238}{U (n, f)}$ Reaction

Nuclear-fission studies with relativistic secondary beams: Analysis of fission channels
journal, April 2008

Determination of antineutrino spectra from nuclear reactors
journal, August 2011

New insights from studies of spontaneous fission with large detector arrays
journal, January 1995

New excited states in ${}^{82}{Ge}$ : Possible weakening of the $N = 50$ closed shell
journal, August 2007

Development of a kinematically focused neutron source with the p(7Li,n)7Be inverse reaction
journal, January 2014

ENDF/B-VII.1 Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Cross Sections, Covariances, Fission Product Yields and Decay Data
journal, December 2011

Prompt Emission in Fission Induced with Fast Neutrons
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Prompt neutron multiplicity in correlation with fragments from spontaneous fission of ${}^{252}{Cf}$
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Identification of the $γ$ transitions in Tc and Cs products of $^{252} Cf$ fission and possible ${7 / 2}^{+}$ [413] bands in $^{105 - 109} Tc$ isotopes
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Fission fragment properties obtained in the γ - γ - γ coincidence method in the reaction 208Pb(18O, f )
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Fragment yields from the fission of 238U by fast neutrons
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Yields of correlated fragment pairs in spontaneous fission of $^{252}$ Cf
journal, March 1997

Measurement of prompt X-rays in 238U(n,f) from threshold to 400 MeV: Investigation of fission charge yield evolution
journal, September 2013

Correlated spins of complementary fragment pairs in the spontaneous fission of $^{252} Cf$
journal, November 1999

Geant4—a simulation toolkit
journal, July 2003

Isomeric gamma rays from ${}^{235}U (n, f)$ and ${}^{239}{Pu} (n, f)$ for times less than 1 μsec after fission
journal, August 1974

Spectroscopy of neutron rich nuclei using cold neutron induced fission of actinide targets at the ILL: the EXILL campaign
journal, January 2014

Mass distributions in monoenergetic-neutron-induced fission of ${}^{238}U$
journal, January 1978

General Description of Fission Observables: GEF Model Code
journal, January 2016

Nuclear scission
journal, December 1990

The Miniball spectrometer
journal, March 2013

Near-yrast excitations in nucleus ${}^{83}{As}$ : Tracing the $π g_{9 / 2}$ orbital in the ${}^{78}{Ni}$ region
journal, April 2015

Spectroscopy of neutron rich nuclei using cold neutron induced fission of actinide targets at the ILL: The EXILL campaign
journal, January 2013

Nuclear-fission studies with relativistic secondary beams: analysis of fission channels
text, January 2007

Review on the progress in nuclear fission—experimental methods and theoretical descriptions
journal, September 2018

Isotopic fission-fragment distributions of ${}^{238}U, {}^{239}{Np}, {}^{240}{Pu}, {}^{244}{Cm}$ , and ${}^{250}{Cf}$ produced through inelastic scattering, transfer, and fusion reactions in inverse kinematics
journal, May 2018

Isomeric fission yield ratios for odd-mass Cd and In isotopes using the phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique
journal, January 2019

First Direct Measurement of Isotopic Fission-Fragment Yields of ${}^{239}U$
journal, August 2019