Competition for light and water in a coupled soil-plant system

Manoli, Gabriele; Huang, Cheng -Wei; Bonetti, Sara; Domec, Jean -Christophe; Marani, Marco; Katul, Gabriel

doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.08.004

Title: Competition for light and water in a coupled soil-plant system

Journal Article · Mon Aug 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Advances in Water Resources

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.08.004 · OSTI ID:1375728

Manoli, Gabriele ^[1]; Huang, Cheng -Wei ^[2]; Bonetti, Sara ^[3]; Domec, Jean -Christophe ^[4]; Marani, Marco ^[5]; Katul, Gabriel ^[3]

ETH Zurich, Zurich (Switzerland); Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Duke University
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Univ. of Bordeaux, Gradignan (France)
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Univ. of Padova, Padova (Italy)

Here, it is generally accepted that resource availability shapes the structure and function of many ecosystems. Within the soil-plant-atmosphere (SPA) system, resource availability fluctuates in space and time whereas access to resources by individuals is further impacted by plant-to-plant competition. Likewise, transport and transformation of resources within an individual plant is governed by numerous interacting biotic and abiotic processes. The work here explores the co-limitations on water losses and carbon uptake within the SPA arising from fluctuating resource availability and competition. In particular, the goal is to unfold the interplay between plant access and competition for water and light, as well as the impact of transport/redistribution processes on leaf-level carbon assimilation and water fluxes within forest stands. A framework is proposed that couples a three-dimensional representation of soil-root exchanges with a one-dimensional description of stem water flow and storage, canopy photosynthesis, and transpiration. The model links soil moisture redistribution, root water uptake, xylem water flow and storage, leaf potential and stomatal conductance as driven by supply and demand for water and carbon. The model is then used to investigate plant drought resilience of overstory-understory trees simultaneously competing for water and light. Simulation results reveal that understory-overstory interactions increase ecosystem resilience to drought (i.e. stand-level carbon assimilation rates and water fluxes can be sustained at lower root-zone soil water potentials). This resilience enhancement originates from reduced transpiration (due to shading) and hydraulic redistribution in soil supporting photosynthesis over prolonged periods of drought. In particular, the presence of different rooting systems generates localized hydraulic redistribution fluxes that sustain understory transpiration through overstory-understory interactions. Such complex SPA dynamics cannot be properly summarized by equivalent ecosystem-scale Resistor-Capacitor (RC) rep- resentation. However our results show that, with proper averaging across water flow paths, RC models can provide reasonable estimates of stand-level water and carbon fluxes during inter-storm periods.

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Research Organization:: Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006967

OSTI ID:: 1375728

Journal Information:: Advances in Water Resources, Journal Name: Advances in Water Resources Journal Issue: C Vol. 108; ISSN 0309-1708

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Title: Competition for light and water in a coupled soil-plant system

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