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Title: Exposures of tungsten nanostructures to divertor plasmas in DIII-D

Abstract

Tungsten nanostructures (W-fuzz) prepared in the PISCES-A linear device have been found to survive direct exposure to divertor plasmas in DIII-D. W-fuzz was exposed in the lower divertor of DIII-D using the Divertor Material Evaluation System (DiMES). Two samples were exposed in lower single null (LSN) deuterium H-mode plasmas. The first sample was exposed in three discharges terminated by Vertical Displacement Event (VDE) disruptions, and the second in two discharges near the lowered X-point. More recently, three samples were exposed near the lower outer strike point in predominantly helium H-mode LSN plasmas. In all cases, the W-fuzz survived plasma exposure with little obvious damage except in the areas where unipolar arcing occurred. Arcing is effective in W-fuzz removal, and it appears that surfaces covered with W-fuzz can be more prone to arcing than smooth W surfaces.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [1];  [1];  [5];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [6];  [6];  [6];  [2];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [7]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  2. General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
  3. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  4. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  5. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  6. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  7. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Org.:
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0417 USA MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave.,Cambridge, MA 02139 USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA Sandia National Laboratory, PO Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551-0969 USA
OSTI Identifier:
1324205
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1235510; OSTI ID: 1369219
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725; AC04-94AL85000; AC05-06OR23100; AC52-07NA27344; FC02-04ER54698; FG02-07ER54917; SC0002060
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physica Scripta
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: T167; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-8949
Publisher:
IOP Publishing
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; tungsten; W-fuzz; DiMES; divertor; DIII-D

Citation Formats

Rudakov, D. L., Wong, C. P. C., Doerner, R. P., Wright, G. M., Abrams, T., Baldwin, M. J., Boedo, J. A., Briesemeister, A. R., Chrobak, C. P., Guo, H. Y., Hollmann, E. M., McLean, A. G., Fenstermacher, M. E., Lasnier, C. J., Leonard, A. W., Moyer, R. A., Pace, D. C., Thomas, D. M., and Watkins, J. G. Exposures of tungsten nanostructures to divertor plasmas in DIII-D. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/T167/1/014055.
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Rudakov, D. L., Wong, C. P. C., Doerner, R. P., Wright, G. M., Abrams, T., Baldwin, M. J., Boedo, J. A., Briesemeister, A. R., Chrobak, C. P., Guo, H. Y., Hollmann, E. M., McLean, A. G., Fenstermacher, M. E., Lasnier, C. J., Leonard, A. W., Moyer, R. A., Pace, D. C., Thomas, D. M., & Watkins, J. G. Exposures of tungsten nanostructures to divertor plasmas in DIII-D. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/T167/1/014055
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Rudakov, D. L., Wong, C. P. C., Doerner, R. P., Wright, G. M., Abrams, T., Baldwin, M. J., Boedo, J. A., Briesemeister, A. R., Chrobak, C. P., Guo, H. Y., Hollmann, E. M., McLean, A. G., Fenstermacher, M. E., Lasnier, C. J., Leonard, A. W., Moyer, R. A., Pace, D. C., Thomas, D. M., and Watkins, J. G. Fri . "Exposures of tungsten nanostructures to divertor plasmas in DIII-D". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/T167/1/014055. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1324205.
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@article{osti_1324205,
title = {Exposures of tungsten nanostructures to divertor plasmas in DIII-D},
author = {Rudakov, D. L. and Wong, C. P. C. and Doerner, R. P. and Wright, G. M. and Abrams, T. and Baldwin, M. J. and Boedo, J. A. and Briesemeister, A. R. and Chrobak, C. P. and Guo, H. Y. and Hollmann, E. M. and McLean, A. G. and Fenstermacher, M. E. and Lasnier, C. J. and Leonard, A. W. and Moyer, R. A. and Pace, D. C. and Thomas, D. M. and Watkins, J. G.},
abstractNote = {Tungsten nanostructures (W-fuzz) prepared in the PISCES-A linear device have been found to survive direct exposure to divertor plasmas in DIII-D. W-fuzz was exposed in the lower divertor of DIII-D using the Divertor Material Evaluation System (DiMES). Two samples were exposed in lower single null (LSN) deuterium H-mode plasmas. The first sample was exposed in three discharges terminated by Vertical Displacement Event (VDE) disruptions, and the second in two discharges near the lowered X-point. More recently, three samples were exposed near the lower outer strike point in predominantly helium H-mode LSN plasmas. In all cases, the W-fuzz survived plasma exposure with little obvious damage except in the areas where unipolar arcing occurred. Arcing is effective in W-fuzz removal, and it appears that surfaces covered with W-fuzz can be more prone to arcing than smooth W surfaces.},
doi = {10.1088/0031-8949/T167/1/014055},
journal = {Physica Scripta},
number = ,
volume = T167,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 22 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Fri Jan 22 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/T167/1/014055
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Works referenced in this record:

Helium induced nanoscopic morphology on tungsten under fusion relevant plasma conditions
journal, January 2008

The occurrence and damage of unipolar arcing on fuzzy tungsten
journal, August 2015

Exposure of tungsten nano-structure to TEXTOR edge plasma
journal, August 2011

Exfoliation of the tungsten fibreform nanostructure by unipolar arcing in the LHD divertor plasma
journal, August 2011

Comparison of tungsten nano-tendrils grown in Alcator C-Mod and linear plasma devices
journal, July 2013

Plasma surface interaction experimental facility (PISCES) for materials and edge physics studies
journal, May 1984

A design retrospective of the DIII-D tokamak
journal, May 2002

Divertor materials evaluation system (DiMES)
journal, October 1998

Investigation of He–W interactions using DiMES on DIII-D
journal, January 2016

Characterization of heat loads from mitigated and unmitigated vertical displacement events in DIII-D
journal, June 2013

  • Hollmann, E. M.; Commaux, N.; Eidietis, N. W.
  • Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 6
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4810792

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors
journal, December 2001

Arcing and its role in PFC erosion and dust production in DIII-D
journal, July 2013

Sputtering properties of tungsten ‘fuzzy’ surfaces
journal, August 2011

Net versus gross erosion of high- Z materials in the divertor of DIII-D
journal, April 2014

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    • De Temmerman, G.; Hirai, T.; Pitts, R. A.
    • Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 60, Issue 4
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    Helium flux effects on bubble growth and surface morphology in plasma-facing tungsten from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations
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