Advanced LIGO constraints on neutron star mergers and r-process sites

Côté, Benoit; Belczynski, Krzysztof; Fryer, Chris L.; Ritter, Christian; Paul, Adam; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; O’Shea, Brian W.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c8d

Title: Advanced LIGO constraints on neutron star mergers and r-process sites

Journal Article · Sun Feb 19 23:00:00 EST 2017 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c8d · OSTI ID:1351985

^[1]; Belczynski, Krzysztof ^[2];

^[3]; Ritter, Christian ^[1]; Paul, Adam ^[4]; Wehmeyer, Benjamin ^[5];

^[6]

Univ. of Victoria, Victoria, BC (Canada); Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Warsaw Univ., Warsaw (Poland)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Victoria, Victoria, BC (Canada)
Univ. of Basel, Basel (Switzerland)
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

The role of compact binary mergers as the main production site of r-process elements is investigated by combining stellar abundances of Eu observed in the Milky Way, galactic chemical evolution (GCE) simulations, and binary population synthesis models, and gravitational wave measurements from Advanced LIGO. We compiled and reviewed seven recent GCE studies to extract the frequency of neutron star–neutron star (NS–NS) mergers that is needed in order to reproduce the observed [Eu/Fe] versus [Fe/H] relationship. We used our simple chemical evolution code to explore the impact of different analytical delay-time distribution functions for NS–NS mergers. We then combined our metallicity-dependent population synthesis models with our chemical evolution code to bring their predictions, for both NS–NS mergers and black hole–neutron star mergers, into a GCE context. Finally, we convolved our results with the cosmic star formation history to provide a direct comparison with current and upcoming Advanced LIGO measurements. When assuming that NS–NS mergers are the exclusive r-process sites, and that the ejected r-process mass per merger event is 0.01 M$${}_{\odot }$$, the number of NS–NS mergers needed in GCE studies is about 10 times larger than what is predicted by standard population synthesis models. Here, these two distinct fields can only be consistent with each other when assuming optimistic rates, massive NS–NS merger ejecta, and low Fe yields for massive stars. For now, population synthesis models and GCE simulations are in agreement with the current upper limit (O1) established by Advanced LIGO during their first run of observations. Upcoming measurements will provide an important constraint on the actual local NS–NS merger rate, will provide valuable insights on the plausibility of the GCE requirement, and will help to define whether or not compact binary mergers can be the dominant source of r-process elements in the universe.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1351985

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-27614

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online) Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 836; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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A new delay time distribution for merging neutron stars tested against Galactic and cosmic data Simonetti, Paolo; Matteucci, Francesca; Greggio, Laura arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.02732	text	January 2019
GW170817$-$the first observed neutron star merger and its kilonova: implications for the astrophysical site of the r-process Siegel, Daniel M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.09044	text	January 2019
Gamma-rays from kilonova: a potential probe of r-process nucleosynthesis Korobkin, Oleg; Hungerford, Aimee M.; Fryer, Christopher L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.05089	text	January 2019
Early Solar System $r$-process Abundances Limit Collapsar Origin Bartos, Imre; Marka, Szabolcs arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.07210	text	January 2019
Using failed supernovae to constrain the Galactic r-process element production Wehmeyer, B.; Frohlich, C.; Côté, B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1908.05617	text	January 2019
Estimating the contribution of dynamical ejecta in the kilonova associated with GW170817 Abbott, B. P.; Al, Et IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-147235	text	January 2017

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