Toward clean suspended CVD graphene

Yulaev, Alexander; Cheng, Guangjun; Hight Walker, Angela R.; Vlassiouk, Ivan V.; Myers, Alline; Leite, Marina S.; Kolmakov, Andrei

doi:10.1039/C6RA17360H

Title: Toward clean suspended CVD graphene

Abstract

The application of suspended graphene as electron transparent supporting media in electron microscopy, vacuum electronics, and micromechanical devices requires the least destructive and maximally clean transfer from their original growth substrate to the target of interest. Here, we use thermally evaporated anthracene films as the sacrificial layer for graphene transfer onto an arbitrary substrate. We show that clean suspended graphene can be achieved via desorbing the anthracene layer at temperatures in the 100 °C to 150 °C range, followed by two sequential annealing steps for the final cleaning, using a Pt catalyst and activated carbon. The cleanliness of the suspended graphene membranes was analyzed employing the high surface sensitivity of low energy scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A quantitative comparison with two other commonly used transfer methods revealed the superiority of the anthracene approach to obtain a larger area of clean, suspended CVD graphene. Lastly, our graphene transfer method based on anthracene paves the way for integrating cleaner graphene in various types of complex devices, including the ones that are heat and humidity sensitive.

Authors:

Yulaev, Alexander ^[1]; Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD ^[2]; Cheng, Guangjun ^[1]; Hight Walker, Angela R. ^[1]; Vlassiouk, Ivan V. ^[3]; Myers, Alline ^[1]; Leite, Marina S. ^[4]; Kolmakov, Andrei ^[1]

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States)
(United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1344290

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: RSC Advances

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 6; Journal Issue: 87; Journal ID: ISSN 2046-2069

Publisher:: Royal Society of Chemistry

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats


                    Yulaev, Alexander, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, Cheng, Guangjun, Hight Walker, Angela R., Vlassiouk, Ivan V., Myers, Alline, Leite, Marina S., and Kolmakov, Andrei. Toward clean suspended CVD graphene.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1039/C6RA17360H.

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                    Yulaev, Alexander, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, Cheng, Guangjun, Hight Walker, Angela R., Vlassiouk, Ivan V., Myers, Alline, Leite, Marina S., & Kolmakov, Andrei. Toward clean suspended CVD graphene.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA17360H

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                    Yulaev, Alexander, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, Cheng, Guangjun, Hight Walker, Angela R., Vlassiouk, Ivan V., Myers, Alline, Leite, Marina S., and Kolmakov, Andrei. Fri .  
"Toward clean suspended CVD graphene".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA17360H.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1344290.

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@article{osti_1344290,

  title        = {Toward clean suspended CVD graphene},

  author       = {Yulaev, Alexander and Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD and Cheng, Guangjun and Hight Walker, Angela R. and Vlassiouk, Ivan V. and Myers, Alline and Leite, Marina S. and Kolmakov, Andrei},

  abstractNote = {The application of suspended graphene as electron transparent supporting media in electron microscopy, vacuum electronics, and micromechanical devices requires the least destructive and maximally clean transfer from their original growth substrate to the target of interest. Here, we use thermally evaporated anthracene films as the sacrificial layer for graphene transfer onto an arbitrary substrate. We show that clean suspended graphene can be achieved via desorbing the anthracene layer at temperatures in the 100 °C to 150 °C range, followed by two sequential annealing steps for the final cleaning, using a Pt catalyst and activated carbon. The cleanliness of the suspended graphene membranes was analyzed employing the high surface sensitivity of low energy scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A quantitative comparison with two other commonly used transfer methods revealed the superiority of the anthracene approach to obtain a larger area of clean, suspended CVD graphene. Lastly, our graphene transfer method based on anthracene paves the way for integrating cleaner graphene in various types of complex devices, including the ones that are heat and humidity sensitive.},

  doi          = {10.1039/C6RA17360H},

  journal      = {RSC Advances},

  number       = 87,

  volume       = 6,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Fri Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Cleaning graphene: Comparing heat treatments in air and in vacuum: Cleaning graphene
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Title: Toward clean suspended CVD graphene

Abstract

Citation Formats

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Drop-Casted Self-Assembling Graphene Oxide Membranes for Scanning Electron Microscopy on Wet and Dense Gaseous Samples
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Large-Area Graphene Single Crystals Grown by Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Methane on Copper
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Role of Hydrogen in Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Large Single-Crystal Graphene
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A new examination of secondary electron yield data
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Toward Intrinsic Graphene Surfaces: A Systematic Study on Thermal Annealing and Wet-Chemical Treatment of SiO ₂ -Supported Graphene Devices
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journal, March 2010

The effect of chemical residues on the physical and electrical properties of chemical vapor deposited graphene transferred to SiO ₂
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Very low energy electron microscopy of graphene flakes: VERY LOW ENERGY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF GRAPHENE FLAKES
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journal, May 1998

Ultraclean freestanding graphene by platinum-metal catalysis
journal, March 2013

Photoelectron spectroscopy of wet and gaseous samples through graphene membranes
journal, January 2014

Grains and grain boundaries in single-layer graphene atomic patchwork quilts
journal, January 2011

Metal-catalyzed etching of graphene governed by metal–carbon interactions: A comparison of Fe and Cu
journal, January 2015

Detection of individual gas molecules adsorbed on graphene
journal, July 2007

Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes
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Effect of airborne contaminants on the wettability of supported graphene and graphite
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High-Resolution EM of Colloidal Nanocrystal Growth Using Graphene Liquid Cells
journal, April 2012

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journal, October 2008

Repeated growth and bubbling transfer of graphene with millimetre-size single-crystal grains using platinum
journal, January 2012

Low-energy electron transmission imaging of clusters on free-standing graphene
journal, September 2012

Atomic Structure of Graphene on SiO₂
journal, June 2007

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Annealing free, clean graphene transfer using alternative polymer scaffolds
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journal, May 2009

Processes for non-destructive transfer of graphene: widening the bottleneck for industrial scale production
journal, January 2015

‘Bubble-Free’ Electrochemical Delamination of CVD Graphene Films
journal, September 2014

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journal, March 2012

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journal, August 2011

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journal, April 2014

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A facile process for soak-and-peel delamination of CVD graphene from substrates using water
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Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes
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