Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TAG), typically represents <1% of leaf glycerolipids but can accumulate under stress and other conditions or if leaves are supplied with fatty acids, or in plants transformed with regulators or enzymes of lipid metabolism. To better understand the metabolism of TAG in leaves, pulse-chase radiolabelling experiments were designed to probe its synthesis and turnover. When Arabidopsis leaves were incubated with [14C]lauric acid (12:0), a major initial product was [14C]TAG. Thus, despite low steady-state levels, leaves possess substantial TAG biosynthetic capacity. The contributions of diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 to leaf TAG synthesis were examined by labelling of dgat1 and pdat1 mutants. The dgat1 mutant displayed a major (76%) reduction in [14C]TAG accumulation whereas pdat1 TAG labelling was only slightly reduced. Thus, DGAT1 has a principal role in TAG biosynthesis in young leaves. During a 4h chase period, radioactivity in TAG declined 70%, whereas the turnover of [14C]acyl chains of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and other polar lipids was much lower. Sixty percent of [14C]12:0 was directly incorporated into glycerolipids without modification, whereas 40% was elongated and desaturated to 16:0 and 18:1 by plastids. The unmodified [14C]12:0 and the plastid products of [14C]12:0 metabolism entered different pathways. Although plastid-modified 14C-labelled products accumulatedmore »
- Authors:
-
- Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States). Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center. Dept. of Plant Biology. Dept. of Energy
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); Swedish Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Sweden)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1343070
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FC02-07ER64494; DBI-0701919; 2009–664
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Experimental Botany
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 66; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-0957
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Acyl-CoA; DGAT; diacylglycerol acyltransferase; leaf TAG; lipids; triacylglycerol.
Citation Formats
Tjellstrom, Henrik, Strawsine, Merissa, and Ohlrogge, John B. Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1093/jxb/eru500.
Tjellstrom, Henrik, Strawsine, Merissa, & Ohlrogge, John B. Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves. United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru500
Tjellstrom, Henrik, Strawsine, Merissa, and Ohlrogge, John B. Wed .
"Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves". United States. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru500. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1343070.
@article{osti_1343070,
title = {Tracking synthesis and turnover of triacylglycerol in leaves},
author = {Tjellstrom, Henrik and Strawsine, Merissa and Ohlrogge, John B.},
abstractNote = {Triacylglycerol (TAG), typically represents <1% of leaf glycerolipids but can accumulate under stress and other conditions or if leaves are supplied with fatty acids, or in plants transformed with regulators or enzymes of lipid metabolism. To better understand the metabolism of TAG in leaves, pulse-chase radiolabelling experiments were designed to probe its synthesis and turnover. When Arabidopsis leaves were incubated with [14C]lauric acid (12:0), a major initial product was [14C]TAG. Thus, despite low steady-state levels, leaves possess substantial TAG biosynthetic capacity. The contributions of diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 to leaf TAG synthesis were examined by labelling of dgat1 and pdat1 mutants. The dgat1 mutant displayed a major (76%) reduction in [14C]TAG accumulation whereas pdat1 TAG labelling was only slightly reduced. Thus, DGAT1 has a principal role in TAG biosynthesis in young leaves. During a 4h chase period, radioactivity in TAG declined 70%, whereas the turnover of [14C]acyl chains of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and other polar lipids was much lower. Sixty percent of [14C]12:0 was directly incorporated into glycerolipids without modification, whereas 40% was elongated and desaturated to 16:0 and 18:1 by plastids. The unmodified [14C]12:0 and the plastid products of [14C]12:0 metabolism entered different pathways. Although plastid-modified 14C-labelled products accumulated in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, PC, phosphatidylethanolamine, and diacylglcerol (DAG), there was almost no accumulation of [14C]16:0 and [14C]18:1 in TAG. Lastly, because DAG and acyl-CoA are direct precursors of TAG, the differential labelling of polar glycerolipids and TAG by [14C]12:0 and its plastid-modified products provides evidence for multiple subcellular pools of both acyl-CoA and DAG.},
doi = {10.1093/jxb/eru500},
journal = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
number = 5,
volume = 66,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Wed Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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Oil content of Arabidopsis seeds: The influence of seed anatomy, light and plant-to-plant variation
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Isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis thaliana knockout line for phospholipid: diacylglycerol transacylase gene (At5g13640)
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Metabolic Evidence for the Involvement of a [delta]4-Palmitoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Desaturase in Petroselinic Acid Synthesis in Coriander Endosperm and Transgenic Tobacco Cells
journal, March 1994
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Cytosolic Triacylglycerol Biosynthetic Pathway in Oilseeds. Molecular Cloning and Expression of Peanut Cytosolic Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase
journal, June 2006
- Saha, Saikat; Enugutti, Balaji; Rajakumari, Sona
- Plant Physiology, Vol. 141, Issue 4
Quantitative Profiling of Arabidopsis Polar Glycerolipids in Response to Phosphorus Starvation. Roles of Phospholipases D ζ1 and D ζ2 in Phosphatidylcholine Hydrolysis and Digalactosyldiacylglycerol Accumulation in Phosphorus-Starved Plants
journal, August 2006
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Alteration of Seed Fatty Acid Composition by an Ethyl Methanesulfonate-Induced Mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana Affecting Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Activity
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Identification of the Wax Ester Synthase/Acyl-Coenzyme A:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase WSD1 Required for Stem Wax Ester Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis
journal, July 2008
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Cholinephosphotransferase and Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase (Substrate Specificities at a Key Branch Point in Seed Lipid Metabolism)
journal, March 1996
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- Plant Physiology, Vol. 110, Issue 3
Rapid Kinetic Labeling of Arabidopsis Cell Suspension Cultures: Implications for Models of Lipid Export from Plastids
journal, November 2011
- Tjellström, Henrik; Yang, Zhenle; Allen, Doug K.
- Plant Physiology, Vol. 158, Issue 2
Acyl Editing and Headgroup Exchange Are the Major Mechanisms That Direct Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Flux into Triacylglycerols
journal, August 2012
- Bates, Philip D.; Fatihi, Abdelhak; Snapp, Anna R.
- Plant Physiology, Vol. 160, Issue 3
COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS
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