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Title: Acceleration of low-energy ions at parallel shocks with a focused transport model

Abstract

Here we present a test particle simulation on the injection and acceleration of low-energy suprathermal particles by parallel shocks with a focused transport model. The focused transport equation contains all necessary physics of shock acceleration, but avoids the limitation of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) that requires a small pitch angle anisotropy. This simulation verifies that the particles with speeds of a fraction of to a few times the shock speed can indeed be directly injected and accelerated into the DSA regime by parallel shocks. At higher energies starting from a few times the shock speed, the energy spectrum of accelerated particles is a power law with the same spectral index as the solution of standard DSA theory, although the particles are highly anisotropic in the upstream region. The intensity, however, is different from that predicted by DSA theory, indicating a different level of injection efficiency. It is found that the shock strength, the injection speed, and the intensity of an electric cross-shock potential (CSP) jump can affect the injection efficiency of the low-energy particles. A stronger shock has a higher injection efficiency. In addition, if the speed of injected particles is above a few times the shock speed, the producedmore » power-law spectrum is consistent with the prediction of standard DSA theory in both its intensity and spectrum index with an injection efficiency of 1. CSP can increase the injection efficiency through direct particle reflection back upstream, but it has little effect on the energetic particle acceleration once the speed of injected particles is beyond a few times the shock speed. Finally, this test particle simulation proves that the focused transport theory is an extension of DSA theory with the capability of predicting the efficiency of particle injection.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1]
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  1. Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL (United States); Univ. of Alabama, Huntsville, AL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)
OSTI Identifier:
1325993
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1326052
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0008334; NNX08AP91G; NNX09AG29G; NNX09AB24G; AGS-1156056; 0923050
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 767; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0004-637X
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; acceleration of particles; diffusion; methods: numerical; shock waves

Citation Formats

Zuo, Pingbing, Zhang, Ming, and Rassoul, Hamid K. Acceleration of low-energy ions at parallel shocks with a focused transport model. United States: N. p., 2013. Web. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/6.
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Zuo, Pingbing, Zhang, Ming, & Rassoul, Hamid K. Acceleration of low-energy ions at parallel shocks with a focused transport model. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/6
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Zuo, Pingbing, Zhang, Ming, and Rassoul, Hamid K. Wed . "Acceleration of low-energy ions at parallel shocks with a focused transport model". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/6. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1325993.
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@article{osti_1325993,
title = {Acceleration of low-energy ions at parallel shocks with a focused transport model},
author = {Zuo, Pingbing and Zhang, Ming and Rassoul, Hamid K.},
abstractNote = {Here we present a test particle simulation on the injection and acceleration of low-energy suprathermal particles by parallel shocks with a focused transport model. The focused transport equation contains all necessary physics of shock acceleration, but avoids the limitation of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) that requires a small pitch angle anisotropy. This simulation verifies that the particles with speeds of a fraction of to a few times the shock speed can indeed be directly injected and accelerated into the DSA regime by parallel shocks. At higher energies starting from a few times the shock speed, the energy spectrum of accelerated particles is a power law with the same spectral index as the solution of standard DSA theory, although the particles are highly anisotropic in the upstream region. The intensity, however, is different from that predicted by DSA theory, indicating a different level of injection efficiency. It is found that the shock strength, the injection speed, and the intensity of an electric cross-shock potential (CSP) jump can affect the injection efficiency of the low-energy particles. A stronger shock has a higher injection efficiency. In addition, if the speed of injected particles is above a few times the shock speed, the produced power-law spectrum is consistent with the prediction of standard DSA theory in both its intensity and spectrum index with an injection efficiency of 1. CSP can increase the injection efficiency through direct particle reflection back upstream, but it has little effect on the energetic particle acceleration once the speed of injected particles is beyond a few times the shock speed. Finally, this test particle simulation proves that the focused transport theory is an extension of DSA theory with the capability of predicting the efficiency of particle injection.},
doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/6},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
number = 1,
volume = 767,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2013},
month = {Wed Apr 10 00:00:00 EDT 2013}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/6
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    Works referencing / citing this record:

    Injection of thermal and suprathermal seed particles into coronal shocks of varying obliquity
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    Study of Time Evolution of the Bend-over Energy in the Energetic Particle Spectrum at a Parallel Shock
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